Article ; Online: Temporal development and neutralising potential of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in hospitalised COVID-19 patients: An observational cohort study.
2021 Volume 16, Issue 1, Page(s) e0245382
Abstract: Antibody responses are important in the control of viral respiratory infection in the human host. What is not clear for SARS-CoV-2 is how rapidly this response occurs, or when antibodies with protective capability evolve. Hence, defining the events of ... ...
| Abstract | Antibody responses are important in the control of viral respiratory infection in the human host. What is not clear for SARS-CoV-2 is how rapidly this response occurs, or when antibodies with protective capability evolve. Hence, defining the events of SARS-CoV-2 seroconversion and the time frame for the development of antibodies with protective potential may help to explain the different clinical presentations of COVID-19. Furthermore, accurate descriptions of seroconversion are needed to inform the best use of serological assays for diagnostic testing and serosurveillance studies. Here, we describe the humoral responses in a cohort of hospitalised COVID-19 patients (n = 19) shortly following the onset of symptoms. Commercial and 'in-house' serological assays were used to measure IgG antibodies against different SARS-CoV-2 structural antigens-Spike (S) S1 sub-unit and Nucleocapsid protein (NP)-and to assess the potential for virus neutralisation mediated specifically by inhibition of binding between the viral attachment protein (S protein) and cognate receptor (ACE-2). Antibody response kinetics varied amongst the cohort, with patients seroconverting within 1 week, between 1-2 weeks, or after 2 weeks, following symptom onset. Anti-NP IgG responses were generally detected earlier, but reached maximum levels slower, than anti-S1 IgG responses. The earliest IgG antibodies produced by all patients included those that recognised the S protein receptor-binding domain (RBD) and were capable of inhibiting binding to ACE-2. These data revealed events and patterns of SARS-CoV-2 seroconversion that may be important predictors of the outcome of infection and guide the delivery of clinical services in the COVID-19 response. |
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| MeSH term(s) | Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology ; Antibodies, Viral/immunology ; COVID-19/immunology ; Cohort Studies ; Coronavirus Nucleocapsid Proteins/chemistry ; Female ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G/immunology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phosphoproteins/chemistry ; SARS-CoV-2/chemistry ; Seroconversion ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/chemistry ; Wales |
| Chemical Substances | Antibodies, Neutralizing ; Antibodies, Viral ; Coronavirus Nucleocapsid Proteins ; Immunoglobulin G ; Phosphoproteins ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus ; nucleocapsid phosphoprotein, SARS-CoV-2 ; spike protein, SARS-CoV-2 |
| Language | English |
| Publishing date | 2021-01-26 |
| Publishing country | United States |
| Document type | Journal Article ; Observational Study ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't |
| ZDB-ID | 2267670-3 |
| ISSN | 1932-6203 ; 1932-6203 |
| ISSN (online) | 1932-6203 |
| ISSN | 1932-6203 |
| DOI | 10.1371/journal.pone.0245382 |
| Database | MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE |
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