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Article ; Online: Apophysomyces variabilis as an emerging pathogen in Mainland China.

Li, Xiu-Ying / Wang, Shuang-Jie / Huang, Guo-Mei / Zheng, Dong-Yan / Al-Odaini, Najwa / Pan, Kai-Su / Zheng, Yan-Qing / Cao, Cun-Wei

Mycoses

2023 Volume 66, Issue 9, Page(s) 795–800

Abstract: Background: Mucormycosis is a rare form of invasive, rapidly progressive and lethal opportunistic fungal infection caused by Mucorales. Although Rhizopus arrhizus (R. arrhizus) is the most commonly isolated Mucorales worldwide, infections caused by ... ...

Abstract	Background: Mucormycosis is a rare form of invasive, rapidly progressive and lethal opportunistic fungal infection caused by Mucorales. Although Rhizopus arrhizus (R. arrhizus) is the most commonly isolated Mucorales worldwide, infections caused by Apophysomyces variabilis (A. variabilis) are increasing. Objectives and methods: We present a case of necrotizing fasciitis caused by A. variabilis in an immunocompetent woman. In order to further understand the characteristics of the strain isolated from the patient, we identified the strain through ITS sequencing, assessed the ability to tolerate salt concentrations and temperature conditions, in addition to performing in vitro drug susceptibility testing against common antifungal agents. Results: The strain showed 98.76% identity with A. variabilis in the NCBI database, and it was found to tolerate higher temperatures and salt concentrations than previously reported strains. The strain was sensitive to amphotericin B and posaconazole, but not to voriconazole, itraconazole, 5-fluorocytosine and echinocandins. Conclusions: This case indicates that Mucorales caused by A. variabilis should be recognised as an emerging pathogen that can cause a high mortality rate in the absence of prompt diagnosis and proper treatment in China, aggressive surgical debridement combined with prompt and appropriate antifungal treatment may improve outcomes.
MeSH term(s)	Female ; Humans ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis ; Mucorales ; Antifungal Agents/therapeutic use ; Mucormycosis/diagnosis ; Mucormycosis/drug therapy ; Mucormycosis/microbiology
Chemical Substances	Antifungal Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-25
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Case Reports ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	392487-7
ISSN	1439-0507 ; 0933-7407
ISSN (online)	1439-0507
ISSN	0933-7407
DOI	10.1111/myc.13605
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Article ; Online: The Epidemiology of Tinea Capitis in Guangxi Province, China.

Zheng, Dongyan / Liang, Tianwei / Wu, Weixuan / Al-Odaini, Najwa / Pan, Kaisu / Huang, Lan / Huang, Guomei / Tang, Lulu / Li, Xinlei / He, Shao / Jian, Huahui / Wei, Nibo / Wei, Li Juan / Pan, Yanbin / Tang, Ping / Meng, Caifeng / Qin, Jinglin / Wan, Zhe / Chen, Xiaoqing /

Cao, Cunwei

Mycopathologia

2023 Volume 188, Issue 5, Page(s) 489–496

Abstract: The aim of this study was to analyze the epidemiological characteristics and pathogen spectrum of tinea capitis in Guangxi, southern China. A multicenter prospective descriptive study was conducted in 8 hospitals across Guangxi. From January 2019 to July ...

Abstract	The aim of this study was to analyze the epidemiological characteristics and pathogen spectrum of tinea capitis in Guangxi, southern China. A multicenter prospective descriptive study was conducted in 8 hospitals across Guangxi. From January 2019 to July 2022, one hundred seventy-one (171) patients diagnosed with tinea capitis were included. Demographic data, risk factors, and fungal data were collected. If necessary, species were further identified by morphological or molecular sequencing in the central laboratory. Of the 171 cases of tinea capitis, 74.3% occurred in patients aged 2-8 years. Children with tinea capitis were mainly boys (59.6%) and were more likely than adults to have a history of animal contact (44.2% vs. 33.3%) and zoophilic dermatophyte infection (76.9% vs. 46.7%, P = 0.008). The adults were mainly female (53%) and were more likely than children to have a history of infection with anthropophilic organisms (53.3% vs. 18.9%). The causative agents of tinea capitis in Guangxi were diverse, and the most common pathogen was Microsporum canis (M. cani, n = 98, 62%), followed by Trichophyton mentagrophytes (T. mentagrophytes n = 18, 11.4%) and Trichophyton tonsurans (T. tonsurans n = 12, 7.6%). In addition, tinea capitis caused by Nannizzia incurvata (N. incurvata) and Trichophyton verrucosum (T. verrucosum) was detected in the study. Notably, the proportion of patients with kerion in the study was 41.5% (n = 71), and most of those patients were children (n = 68), especially neglected children living in the rural mountainous areas of Guangxi, where they were unable to receive timely diagnosis and appropriate treatment. In conclusion, the causative agents of tinea capitis in Guangxi, South China, are diverse, and the incidence of kerion is high, indicating that diagnosis and treatment modalities in the region remain grossly inadequate. Clinicians and policy-makers should collaborate to adopt public health strategies to control the disease.
MeSH term(s)	Child ; Male ; Adult ; Animals ; Humans ; Female ; China/epidemiology ; Tinea Capitis/epidemiology ; Tinea Capitis/microbiology ; Microsporum ; Risk Factors ; Hospitals ; Incidence ; Trichophyton
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-25
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Multicenter Study ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	391081-7
ISSN	1573-0832 ; 0369-299X ; 0301-486X ; 0027-5530
ISSN (online)	1573-0832
ISSN	0369-299X ; 0301-486X ; 0027-5530
DOI	10.1007/s11046-023-00762-w
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Article: Experimental Phaeohyphomycosis of

Al-Odaini, Najwa / Pan, Kai-Su / Liao, Liu-Wei / Mo, Nan-Fang / Jiang, Zhi-Wen / Li, Tian-Tian / Li, Xiu-Ying / He, Xiao-Juan / Zheng, Dong-Yan / Cao, Cun-Wei

Journal of clinical medicine

2022 Volume 11, Issue 18

Abstract: Originally considered to be a plant pathogen, reports of phaeohyphomycosis due ... ...

Abstract	Originally considered to be a plant pathogen, reports of phaeohyphomycosis due to
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-14
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2662592-1
ISSN	2077-0383
ISSN	2077-0383
DOI	10.3390/jcm11185393
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Article: In vitro

Al-Odaini, Najwa / Li, Xiu-Ying / Li, Bing-Kun / Chen, Xing-Chun / Huang, Chun-Yang / Lv, Chun-Ying / Pan, Kai-Su / Zheng, Dong-Yan / Zheng, Yan-Qing / Liao, Wan-Qing / Cao, Cun-Wei

Frontiers in microbiology

2021 Volume 12, Page(s) 708280

Abstract: This study analyzed ... ...

Abstract	This study analyzed the
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-08-10
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2587354-4
ISSN	1664-302X
ISSN	1664-302X
DOI	10.3389/fmicb.2021.708280
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Article: Calcineurin A Is Essential in the Regulation of Asexual Development, Stress Responses and Pathogenesis in

Zheng, Yan-Qing / Pan, Kai-Su / Latgé, Jean-Paul / Andrianopoulos, Alex / Luo, Hong / Yan, Ru-Fan / Wei, Jin-Ying / Huang, Chun-Yang / Cao, Cun-Wei

Frontiers in microbiology

2020 Volume 10, Page(s) 3094

Abstract: Talaromyces ... ...

Abstract	Talaromyces marneffei
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-01-21
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2587354-4
ISSN	1664-302X
ISSN	1664-302X
DOI	10.3389/fmicb.2019.03094
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Article ; Online: Emerging Cryptococcus gattii species complex infections in Guangxi, southern China.

Huang, Chunyang / Tsui, Clement K M / Chen, Min / Pan, Kaisu / Li, Xiuying / Wang, Linqi / Chen, Meini / Zheng, Yanqing / Zheng, Dongyan / Chen, Xingchun / Jiang, Li / Wei, Lili / Liao, Wanqing / Cao, Cunwei

PLoS neglected tropical diseases

2020 Volume 14, Issue 8, Page(s) e0008493

Abstract: The emergence and spread of cryptococcosis caused by the Cryptococcus gattii species complex has become a major public concern worldwide. C. deuterogattii (VGIIa) outbreaks in the Pacific Northwest region demonstrate the expansion of this fungal ... ...

Abstract	The emergence and spread of cryptococcosis caused by the Cryptococcus gattii species complex has become a major public concern worldwide. C. deuterogattii (VGIIa) outbreaks in the Pacific Northwest region demonstrate the expansion of this fungal infection to temperate climate regions. However, infections due to the C. gattii species complex in China have rarely been reported. In this study, we studied eleven clinical strains of the C. gattii species complex isolated from Guangxi, southern China. The genetic identity and variability of these isolates were analyzed via multi-locus sequence typing (MLST), and the phylogenetic relationships among these isolates and global isolates were evaluated. The mating type, physiological features and antifungal susceptibilities of these isolates were also characterized. Among the eleven isolates, six belonged to C. deuterogattii, while five belonged to C. gattii sensu stricto. The C. deuterogattii strains from Guangxi, southern China were genetically variable and clustered with different clinical isolates from Brazil. All strains were MATα, and three C. deuterogattii isolates (GX0104, GX0105 and GX0147) were able to undergo sexual reproduction. Moreover, most strains had capsule and were capable of melanin production when compared to the outbreak strain from Canada. Most isolates were susceptible to antifungal drugs; yet one of eleven immunocompetent patients died of cryptococcal meningitis caused by C. deuterogattii (GX0147). Our study indicated that the highly pathogenic C. deuterogattii may be emerging in southern China, and effective nationwide surveillance of C. gattii species complex infection is necessary.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Antifungal Agents/pharmacology ; China ; Cryptococcosis/epidemiology ; Cryptococcosis/parasitology ; Cryptococcus gattii/drug effects ; Cryptococcus gattii/genetics ; Drug Resistance, Fungal ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phylogeny
Chemical Substances	Antifungal Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-08-26
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2429704-5
ISSN	1935-2735 ; 1935-2727
ISSN (online)	1935-2735
ISSN	1935-2727
DOI	10.1371/journal.pntd.0008493
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Article ; Online: Characteristics and Prognosis of Talaromyces marneffei Infection in Non-HIV-Infected Children in Southern China.

Guo, Jing / Li, Bing-Kun / Li, Tian-Min / Wei, Fang-Lin / Fu, Yu-Jiao / Zheng, Yan-Qing / Pan, Kai-Su / Huang, Chun-Yang / Cao, Cun-Wei

Mycopathologia

2019 Volume 184, Issue 6, Page(s) 735–745

Abstract: Knowledge about the clinical and laboratory characteristics and prognosis of Talaromyces marneffei infection in children is limited. A retrospective study was conducted on pediatric patients with disseminated T. marneffei infection in a clinical setting. ...

Abstract	Knowledge about the clinical and laboratory characteristics and prognosis of Talaromyces marneffei infection in children is limited. A retrospective study was conducted on pediatric patients with disseminated T. marneffei infection in a clinical setting. Extracted data included demographic information (age and sex), clinical features, laboratory findings, treatment, and prognosis. Eleven HIV-negative children were enrolled. The male/female ratio was 8:3. The median age of onset was 17.5 months (3.5-84 months). The mortality rate in these children was 36.36% (4/11). Seven children had underlying diseases. All of the children had multiple immunoglobulin abnormalities and immune cell decline. Ten children received voriconazole treatment, and most of the children (7/10) had a complete response to therapy at primary and long-term follow-up assessment; only three children died of talaromycosis. One patient recovered from talaromycosis but died of leukemia. The child who received itraconazole treatment also showed clinical improvement. No adverse events associated with antifungal therapies were recorded during and after the treatment. Talaromycosis is an indicator disease for undiagnosed severe immunodeficiencies in children. Awareness of mycoses in children by pediatricians may prompt diagnosis and timely treatment. Voriconazole is an effective, well-tolerated therapeutic option for disseminated T. marneffei infection in non-HIV-infected children.
MeSH term(s)	AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/drug therapy ; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/immunology ; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/microbiology ; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/mortality ; Antifungal Agents/adverse effects ; Antifungal Agents/therapeutic use ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; Female ; HIV-1 ; Humans ; Infant ; Itraconazole/adverse effects ; Itraconazole/therapeutic use ; Male ; Mycoses/drug therapy ; Mycoses/immunology ; Mycoses/microbiology ; Mycoses/mortality ; Retrospective Studies ; Talaromyces/drug effects ; Talaromyces/pathogenicity ; Voriconazole/adverse effects ; Voriconazole/therapeutic use
Chemical Substances	Antifungal Agents ; Itraconazole (304NUG5GF4) ; Voriconazole (JFU09I87TR)
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-08-31
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	391081-7
ISSN	1573-0832 ; 0369-299X ; 0301-486X ; 0027-5530
ISSN (online)	1573-0832
ISSN	0369-299X ; 0301-486X ; 0027-5530
DOI	10.1007/s11046-019-00373-4
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Article ; Online: In Vitro Susceptibility of Berberine Combined with Antifungal Agents Against the Yeast Form of Talaromyces marneffei.

Luo, Hong / Pan, Kai-Su / Luo, Xiao-Lu / Zheng, Dong-Yan / Andrianopoulos, Alex / Wen, Le-Min / Zheng, Yan-Qing / Guo, Jing / Huang, Chun-Yang / Li, Xiu-Ying / Hu, Rong / Li, Yu-Jiao / Li, Tian-Min / Joseph, Justin / Cao, Cun-Wei / Liang, Gang

Mycopathologia

2019 Volume 184, Issue 2, Page(s) 295–301

Abstract: Talaromyces (Penicillium) marneffei can cause fatal disseminated infection in immunocompromised hosts. However, therapeutic strategies for the mycosis are limited. Reports of the other fungi suggest that berberine, a component of traditional herb, ... ...

Abstract	Talaromyces (Penicillium) marneffei can cause fatal disseminated infection in immunocompromised hosts. However, therapeutic strategies for the mycosis are limited. Reports of the other fungi suggest that berberine, a component of traditional herb, inhibitors interact with antifungal agents to improve the treatment outcomes. In the study, we evaluated the in vitro efficacy of berberine in combination with conventional antifungal agents against the pathogenic yeast form of T. marneffei. We demonstrate the synergistic effect of combination of berberine with fluconazole (52.38%), itraconazole (66.67%), voriconazole (71.43%), amphotericin B (71.43%) or caspofungin (52.38%) of T. marneffei strains, respectively. Time-kill curves confirmed the synergistic interaction, and no antagonistic was observed in all of the combinations. In conclusion, berberine could enhance the efficacy of conventional antifungal agents against the yeast form of T. marneffei in vitro. The results indicated berberine might have a potential role in combination therapy for talaromycosis.
MeSH term(s)	Amphotericin B/pharmacology ; Antifungal Agents/pharmacology ; Azoles/pharmacology ; Berberine/pharmacology ; Caspofungin/pharmacology ; Drug Synergism ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Microbial Viability/drug effects ; Talaromyces/drug effects
Chemical Substances	Antifungal Agents ; Azoles ; Berberine (0I8Y3P32UF) ; Amphotericin B (7XU7A7DROE) ; Caspofungin (F0XDI6ZL63)
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-02-25
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	391081-7
ISSN	1573-0832 ; 0369-299X ; 0301-486X ; 0027-5530
ISSN (online)	1573-0832
ISSN	0369-299X ; 0301-486X ; 0027-5530
DOI	10.1007/s11046-019-00325-y
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Article ; Online: Anti-IFN-γ autoantibodies underlie disseminated Talaromyces marneffei infections.

Guo, Jing / Ning, Xin-Qiang / Ding, Jing-Ya / Zheng, Yan-Qing / Shi, Na-Na / Wu, Feng-Yao / Lin, You-Kun / Shih, Han-Po / Ting, He-Ting / Liang, Gang / Lu, Xiang-Chan / Kong, Jin-Ling / Wang, Ke / Lu, Yi-Bo / Fu, Yu-Jiao / Hu, Rong / Li, Tian-Min / Pan, Kai-Su / Li, Xiu-Ying /

Huang, Chun-Yang / Lo, Yu-Fang / Chang, Ian Yi-Feng / Yeh, Chun-Fu / Tu, Kun-Hua / Tsai, Yu-Huan / Ku, Cheng-Lung / Cao, Cun-Wei

The Journal of experimental medicine

2020 Volume 217, Issue 12

Abstract: Talaromyces marneffei causes life-threatening opportunistic infections, mainly in Southeast Asia and South China. T. marneffei mainly infects patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) but also infects individuals without known immunosuppression. ... ...

Abstract	Talaromyces marneffei causes life-threatening opportunistic infections, mainly in Southeast Asia and South China. T. marneffei mainly infects patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) but also infects individuals without known immunosuppression. Here we investigated the involvement of anti-IFN-γ autoantibodies in severe T. marneffei infections in HIV-negative patients. We enrolled 58 HIV-negative adults with severe T. marneffei infections who were otherwise healthy. We found a high prevalence of neutralizing anti-IFN-γ autoantibodies (94.8%) in this cohort. The presence of anti-IFN-γ autoantibodies was strongly associated with HLA-DRB116:02 and -DQB105:02 alleles in these patients. We demonstrated that adult-onset acquired immunodeficiency due to autoantibodies against IFN-γ is the major cause of severe T. marneffei infections in HIV-negative patients in regions where this fungus is endemic. The high prevalence of anti-IFN-γ autoantibody-associated HLA class II DRB116:02 and DQB105:02 alleles may account for severe T. marneffei infections in Southeast Asia. Our findings clarify the pathogenesis of T. marneffei infection and pave the way for developing novel treatments.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Aged ; Alleles ; Autoantibodies/blood ; Autoantibodies/immunology ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; HLA-DRB1 Chains/immunology ; Humans ; Interferon-gamma/immunology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mycoses/blood ; Mycoses/immunology ; Mycoses/microbiology ; Talaromyces/physiology ; Young Adult
Chemical Substances	Autoantibodies ; HLA-DRB1 Chains ; Interferon-gamma (82115-62-6)
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-09-03
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	218343-2
ISSN	1540-9538 ; 0022-1007
ISSN (online)	1540-9538
ISSN	0022-1007
DOI	10.1084/jem.20190502
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