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  1. Article: Long Non-Coding RNAs: Tools for Understanding and Targeting Cancer Pathways.

    Pandey, Gaurav Kumar / Kanduri, Chandrasekhar

    Cancers

    2022  Volume 14, Issue 19

    Abstract: The regulatory nature of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) has been well established in various processes of cellular growth, development, and differentiation. Therefore, it is vital to examine their contribution to cancer development. There are ample ... ...

    Abstract The regulatory nature of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) has been well established in various processes of cellular growth, development, and differentiation. Therefore, it is vital to examine their contribution to cancer development. There are ample examples of lncRNAs whose cellular levels are significantly associated with clinical outcomes. However, whether these non-coding molecules can work as either key drivers or barriers to cancer development remains unknown. The current review aims to discuss some well-characterised lncRNAs in the process of oncogenesis and extrapolate the extent of their decisive contribution to tumour development. We ask if these lncRNAs can independently initiate neoplastic lesions or they always need the modulation of well characterized oncogenes or tumour suppressors to exert their functional properties. Finally, we discuss the emerging genetic approaches and appropriate animal and humanised models that can significantly contribute to the functional dissection of lncRNAs in cancer development and progression.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-09-29
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2527080-1
    ISSN 2072-6694
    ISSN 2072-6694
    DOI 10.3390/cancers14194760
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Combination of EZH2 and ATM inhibition in BAP1-deficient mesothelioma.

    Landman, Nick / Hulsman, Danielle / Badhai, Jitendra / Kopparam, Jawahar / Puppe, Julian / Pandey, Gaurav Kumar / van Lohuizen, Maarten

    British journal of cancer

    2024  

    Abstract: Background: More than half of mesothelioma tumours show alterations in the tumour suppressor gene BAP1. BAP1-deficient mesothelioma is shown to be sensitive to EZH2 inhibition in preclinical settings but only showed modest efficacy in clinical trial. ... ...

    Abstract Background: More than half of mesothelioma tumours show alterations in the tumour suppressor gene BAP1. BAP1-deficient mesothelioma is shown to be sensitive to EZH2 inhibition in preclinical settings but only showed modest efficacy in clinical trial. Adding a second inhibitor could potentially elevate EZH2i treatment efficacy while preventing acquired resistance at the same time.
    Methods: A focused drug synergy screen consisting of 20 drugs was performed by combining EZH2 inhibition with a panel of anti-cancer compounds in mesothelioma cell lines. The compounds used are under preclinical investigation or already used in the clinic. The synergistic potential of the combinations was assessed by using the Bliss model. To validate our findings, in vivo xenograft experiments were performed.
    Results: Combining EZH2i with ATMi was found to have synergistic potential against BAP1-deficient mesothelioma in our drug screen, which was validated in clonogenicity assays. Tumour growth inhibition potential was significantly increased in BAP1-deficient xenografts. In addition, we observe lower ATM levels upon depletion of BAP1 and hypothesise that this might be mediated by E2F1.
    Conclusions: We demonstrated the efficacy of the combination of ATM and EZH2 inhibition against BAP1-deficient mesothelioma in preclinical models, indicating the potential of this combination as a novel treatment modality using BAP1 as a biomarker.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-22
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 80075-2
    ISSN 1532-1827 ; 0007-0920
    ISSN (online) 1532-1827
    ISSN 0007-0920
    DOI 10.1038/s41416-024-02661-3
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Bioactive molecules from fungal endophytes and their applications in pharmaceutical industries: challenges and future scope.

    Anand, Kumar / Kumar, Vijay / Prasher, Indu Bhushan / Sethi, Megha / Raj, Harsh / Ranjan, Himanshu / Chand, Subhash / Pandey, Gaurav Kumar

    Journal of basic microbiology

    2023  Volume 63, Issue 7, Page(s) 690–708

    Abstract: Medicinal plants are an important source of bioactive compounds and have been used to isolate various bioactive compounds having industrial applications. The demand for plants derived bioactive molecules is increasing gradually. However, the extensive ... ...

    Abstract Medicinal plants are an important source of bioactive compounds and have been used to isolate various bioactive compounds having industrial applications. The demand for plants derived bioactive molecules is increasing gradually. However, the extensive use of these plants to extract bioactive molecules has threatened many plant species. Moreover, extracting bioactive molecules from these plants is laborious, costly, and time-consuming. So, some alternative sources and strategies are urgently needed to produce these bioactive molecules similar to that of plant origin. However, the interest in new bioactive molecules has recently shifted from plants to endophytic fungi because many fungi produce bioactive molecules similar to their host plant. Endophytic fungi live in mutualistic association within the healthy plant tissue without causing disease symptoms to the host plant. These fungi are a treasure house of novel bioactive molecules having broad pharmaceutical, industrial, and agricultural applications. The rapid increase in publications in this domain over the last three decades proves that natural product biologists and chemists are paying great attention to the natural bioactive products from endophytic fungi. Though endophytes are source of novel bioactive molecules but there is need of advanced technologies like clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR-associated protein 9 (CRISPR-Cas9) and epigenetic modifiers to enhance the production of compounds having industrial applications. This review provides an overview of the various industrial applications of bioactive molecules produced by endophytic fungi and the rationale behind selecting specific plants for fungal endophyte isolation. Overall, this study presents the current state of knowledge and highlights the potential of endophytic fungi for developing alternative therapies for drug-resistant infections.
    MeSH term(s) Endophytes/metabolism ; Fungi/metabolism ; Plants/microbiology ; Symbiosis ; Anti-Infective Agents/metabolism ; Drug Industry ; Biological Products/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Anti-Infective Agents ; Biological Products
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-30
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 632513-0
    ISSN 1521-4028 ; 0233-111X
    ISSN (online) 1521-4028
    ISSN 0233-111X
    DOI 10.1002/jobm.202200696
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Combined Inhibition of EZH2 and FGFR is Synergistic in BAP1-deficient Malignant Mesothelioma.

    Badhai, Jitendra / Landman, Nick / Pandey, Gaurav Kumar / Song, Ji-Ying / Hulsman, Danielle / Krijgsman, Oscar / Chandrasekaran, Gayathri / Berns, Anton / van Lohuizen, Maarten

    Cancer research communications

    2023  Volume 4, Issue 1, Page(s) 18–27

    Abstract: Malignant mesothelioma is a highly aggressive tumor with a survival of only 4-18 months after diagnosis. Treatment options for this disease are limited. Immune checkpoint blockade using ipilimumab and nivolumab has recently been approved as a frontline ... ...

    Abstract Malignant mesothelioma is a highly aggressive tumor with a survival of only 4-18 months after diagnosis. Treatment options for this disease are limited. Immune checkpoint blockade using ipilimumab and nivolumab has recently been approved as a frontline therapy, but this led to only a small improvement in overall patient survival. As more than half of patients with mesothelioma have alterations in the gene encoding for BAP1 this could be a potential marker for targeted therapies. In this study, we investigated the synergistic potential of combining EZH2 inhibition together with FGFR inhibition for treatment of BAP1-deficient malignancies. The efficacy of the combination was evaluated using human and murine preclinical models of mesothelioma and uveal melanoma in vitro. The efficacy of the combination was further validated in vivo by using BAP1-deficient mesothelioma xenografts and autochthonous mouse models. In vitro data showed sensitivity to the combined inhibition in BAP1-deficient mesothelioma and uveal melanoma tumor cell lines but not for BAP1-proficient subtypes. In vivo data showed susceptibility to the combination of BAP1-deficient xenografts and demonstrated an increase of survival in autochthonous models of mesothelioma. These results highlight the potential of this novel drug combination for the treatment of mesothelioma using BAP1 as a biomarker. Given these encouraging preclinical results, it will be important to clinically explore dual EZH2/FGFR inhibition in patients with BAP1-deficient malignant mesothelioma and justify further exploration in other BAP1 loss-associated tumors.
    Significance: Despite the recent approval of immunotherapy, malignant mesothelioma has limited treatment options and poor prognosis. Here, we observe that EZH2 inhibitors dramatically enhance the efficacy of FGFR inhibition, sensitising BAP1-mutant mesothelioma and uveal melanoma cells. The striking synergy of EZH2 and FGFR inhibition supports clinical investigations for BAP1-mutant tumors.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Animals ; Mice ; Mesothelioma, Malignant ; Lung Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Mesothelioma/drug therapy ; Melanoma/drug therapy ; Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 Protein/genetics ; Tumor Suppressor Proteins/genetics ; Ubiquitin Thiolesterase/genetics
    Chemical Substances EZH2 protein, human (EC 2.1.1.43) ; Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 Protein (EC 2.1.1.43) ; BAP1 protein, human ; Tumor Suppressor Proteins ; Ubiquitin Thiolesterase (EC 3.4.19.12) ; BAP1 protein, mouse
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-06
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ISSN 2767-9764
    ISSN (online) 2767-9764
    DOI 10.1158/2767-9764.CRC-23-0276
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article: Fighting Neuroblastomas with NBAT1.

    Pandey, Gaurav Kumar / Kanduri, Chandrasekhar

    Oncoscience

    2015  Volume 2, Issue 2, Page(s) 79–80

    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-02-18
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2331-4737
    ISSN 2331-4737
    DOI 10.18632/oncoscience.126
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Long noncoding RNAs and neuroblastoma.

    Pandey, Gaurav Kumar / Kanduri, Chandrasekhar

    Oncotarget

    2015  Volume 6, Issue 21, Page(s) 18265–18275

    Abstract: Neuroblastoma is a disease that affects infants and despite intense multimodal therapy, high-risk patients have low survival rates (<50%). In recent years long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have become the cutting edge of cancer research with inroads made in ... ...

    Abstract Neuroblastoma is a disease that affects infants and despite intense multimodal therapy, high-risk patients have low survival rates (<50%). In recent years long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have become the cutting edge of cancer research with inroads made in understanding their roles in multiple cancer types, including prostate and breast cancers. The roles of lncRNAs in neuroblastoma have just begun to be elucidated. This review summarises where we are with regards to lncRNAs in neuroblastoma. The known mechanistic roles of lncRNAs during neuroblastoma pathogenesis are discussed, as well as the relationship between lncRNA expression and the differentiation capacity of neuroblastoma cells. We speculate about the use of some of these lncRNAs, such as those mapping to the 6p22 hotspot, as biomarkers for neuroblastoma prognosis and treatment. This novel way of thinking about both neuroblastoma and lncRNAs brings a new perspective to the prognosis and treatment of high-risk patients.
    MeSH term(s) Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics ; Chromosome Aberrations ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Humans ; Models, Genetic ; N-Myc Proto-Oncogene Protein ; Neuroblastoma/diagnosis ; Neuroblastoma/genetics ; Nuclear Proteins/genetics ; Oncogene Proteins/genetics ; Prognosis ; RNA, Long Noncoding/genetics ; Risk Factors
    Chemical Substances Biomarkers, Tumor ; MYCN protein, human ; N-Myc Proto-Oncogene Protein ; Nuclear Proteins ; Oncogene Proteins ; RNA, Long Noncoding
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-07-30
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2560162-3
    ISSN 1949-2553 ; 1949-2553
    ISSN (online) 1949-2553
    ISSN 1949-2553
    DOI 10.18632/oncotarget.4251
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Genetic screens reveal new targetable vulnerabilities in BAP1-deficient mesothelioma.

    Pandey, Gaurav Kumar / Landman, Nick / Neikes, Hannah K / Hulsman, Danielle / Lieftink, Cor / Beijersbergen, Roderick / Kolluri, Krishna Kalyan / Janes, Sam M / Vermeulen, Michiel / Badhai, Jitendra / van Lohuizen, Maarten

    Cell reports. Medicine

    2023  Volume 4, Issue 2, Page(s) 100915

    Abstract: More than half of patients with malignant mesothelioma show alterations in the BAP1 tumor-suppressor gene. Being a member of the Polycomb repressive deubiquitinating (PR-DUB) complex, BAP1 loss results in an altered epigenome, which may create new ... ...

    Abstract More than half of patients with malignant mesothelioma show alterations in the BAP1 tumor-suppressor gene. Being a member of the Polycomb repressive deubiquitinating (PR-DUB) complex, BAP1 loss results in an altered epigenome, which may create new vulnerabilities that remain largely unknown. Here, we performed a CRISPR-Cas9 kinome screen in mesothelioma cells that identified two kinases in the mevalonate/cholesterol biosynthesis pathway. Furthermore, our analysis of chromatin, expression, and genetic perturbation data in mesothelioma cells suggests a dependency on PR complex 2 (PRC2)-mediated silencing. Pharmacological inhibition of PRC2 elevates the expression of cholesterol biosynthesis genes only in BAP1-deficient mesothelioma, thereby sensitizing these cells to the combined targeting of PRC2 and the mevalonate pathway. Finally, by subjecting autochthonous Bap1-deficient mesothelioma mice or xenografts to mevalonate pathway inhibition (zoledronic acid) and PRC2 inhibition (tazemetostat), we demonstrate a potent anti-tumor effect, suggesting a targeted combination therapy for Bap1-deficient mesothelioma.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Animals ; Mice ; Mesothelioma, Malignant ; Mevalonic Acid ; Lung Neoplasms/genetics ; Tumor Suppressor Proteins/genetics ; Mesothelioma/genetics ; Mesothelioma/pathology ; Cholesterol ; Ubiquitin Thiolesterase/genetics ; Ubiquitin Thiolesterase/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Mevalonic Acid (S5UOB36OCZ) ; Tumor Suppressor Proteins ; Cholesterol (97C5T2UQ7J) ; Ubiquitin Thiolesterase (EC 3.4.19.12) ; BAP1 protein, human ; BAP1 protein, mouse
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-18
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ISSN 2666-3791
    ISSN (online) 2666-3791
    DOI 10.1016/j.xcrm.2022.100915
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article: Regulation of the mammalian epigenome by long noncoding RNAs.

    Whitehead, Joanne / Pandey, Gaurav Kumar / Kanduri, Chandrasekhar

    Biochimica et biophysica acta

    2009  Volume 1790, Issue 9, Page(s) 936–947

    Abstract: Genomic analyses have demonstrated that although less than 2% of the mammalian genome encodes proteins, at least two thirds is transcribed. Many nontranslated RNAs have now been characterized, and several long transcripts, ranging from 0.5 to over 100 kb, ...

    Abstract Genomic analyses have demonstrated that although less than 2% of the mammalian genome encodes proteins, at least two thirds is transcribed. Many nontranslated RNAs have now been characterized, and several long transcripts, ranging from 0.5 to over 100 kb, have been shown to regulate gene expression by modifying chromatin structure. Functions uncovered at a few well characterized loci demonstrate a wide diversity of mechanisms by which long noncoding RNAs can regulate chromatin over a single promoter, a gene cluster, or an entire chromosome, in order to activate or silence genes in cis or in trans. In reviewing the activities of these ncRNAs, we will look for common features in their interactions with the chromatin modifying machinery, and highlight new experimental approaches by which to address outstanding issues in ncRNA-dependent regulation of gene expression in development, disease and evolution.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Chromatin/chemistry ; Epigenesis, Genetic ; Evolution, Molecular ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Gene Silencing ; Humans ; RNA, Antisense/physiology ; RNA, Untranslated/physiology ; Receptor, IGF Type 2/genetics
    Chemical Substances Chromatin ; RNA, Antisense ; RNA, Untranslated ; Receptor, IGF Type 2
    Language English
    Publishing date 2009-09
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 60-7
    ISSN 1879-2596 ; 1879-260X ; 1872-8006 ; 1879-2642 ; 1879-2618 ; 1879-2650 ; 0006-3002 ; 0005-2728 ; 0005-2736 ; 0304-4165 ; 0167-4838 ; 1388-1981 ; 0167-4889 ; 0167-4781 ; 0304-419X ; 1570-9639 ; 0925-4439 ; 1874-9399
    ISSN (online) 1879-2596 ; 1879-260X ; 1872-8006 ; 1879-2642 ; 1879-2618 ; 1879-2650
    ISSN 0006-3002 ; 0005-2728 ; 0005-2736 ; 0304-4165 ; 0167-4838 ; 1388-1981 ; 0167-4889 ; 0167-4781 ; 0304-419X ; 1570-9639 ; 0925-4439 ; 1874-9399
    DOI 10.1016/j.bbagen.2008.10.007
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Combined deletion of Bap1, Nf2, and Cdkn2ab causes rapid onset of malignant mesothelioma in mice.

    Badhai, Jitendra / Pandey, Gaurav Kumar / Song, Ji-Ying / Krijgsman, Oscar / Bhaskaran, Rajith / Chandrasekaran, Gayathri / Kwon, Min-Chul / Bombardelli, Lorenzo / Monkhorst, Kim / Grasso, Cristoforo / Zevenhoven, John / van der Vliet, Jan / Cozijnsen, Miranda / Krimpenfort, Paul / Peeper, Daniel / van Lohuizen, Maarten / Berns, Anton

    The Journal of experimental medicine

    2020  Volume 217, Issue 6

    Abstract: We have generated mouse models of malignant mesothelioma (MM) based upon disruption of the Bap1, Nf2, and Cdkn2ab tumor suppressor loci in various combinations as also frequently observed in human MM. Inactivation of all three loci in the mesothelial ... ...

    Abstract We have generated mouse models of malignant mesothelioma (MM) based upon disruption of the Bap1, Nf2, and Cdkn2ab tumor suppressor loci in various combinations as also frequently observed in human MM. Inactivation of all three loci in the mesothelial lining of the thoracic cavity leads to a highly aggressive MM that recapitulates the histological features and gene expression profile observed in human patients. The tumors also show a similar inflammatory phenotype. Bap1 deletion alone does not cause MM but dramatically accelerates MM development when combined with Nf2 and Cdkn2ab (hereafter BNC) disruption. The accelerated tumor development is accompanied by increased Polycomb repression and EZH2-mediated redistribution of H3K27me3 toward promoter sites with concomitant activation of PI3K and MAPK pathways. Treatment of BNC tumor-bearing mice with cisplatin and pemetrexed, the current frontline treatment, prolongs survival. This makes the autochthonous mouse model described here very well suited to explore the pathogenesis of MM and validate new treatment regimens for MM, including immunotherapy.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p15/metabolism ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16/metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Disease Progression ; Gene Deletion ; Humans ; Immunophenotyping ; MAP Kinase Signaling System/drug effects ; Mesothelioma, Malignant/genetics ; Mesothelioma, Malignant/metabolism ; Mesothelioma, Malignant/pathology ; Mice ; Neurofibromin 2/metabolism ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/metabolism ; Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Transcription, Genetic/drug effects ; Tumor Microenvironment/drug effects ; Tumor Suppressor Proteins/metabolism ; Ubiquitin Thiolesterase/metabolism
    Chemical Substances BAP1 protein, mouse ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p15 ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16 ; Neurofibromin 2 ; Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors ; Tumor Suppressor Proteins ; Ubiquitin Thiolesterase (EC 3.4.19.12)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-04-09
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 218343-2
    ISSN 1540-9538 ; 0022-1007
    ISSN (online) 1540-9538
    ISSN 0022-1007
    DOI 10.1084/jem.20191257
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Temporal separation of replication and transcription during S-phase progression.

    Meryet-Figuiere, Matthieu / Alaei-Mahabadi, Babak / Ali, Mohamad Moustafa / Mitra, Sanhita / Subhash, Santhilal / Pandey, Gaurav Kumar / Larsson, Erik / Kanduri, Chandrasekhar

    Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.)

    2014  Volume 13, Issue 20, Page(s) 3241–3248

    Abstract: Transcriptional events during S-phase are critical for cell cycle progression. Here, by using a nascent RNA capture assay coupled with high-throughput sequencing, we determined the temporal patterns of transcriptional events that occur during S-phase. We ...

    Abstract Transcriptional events during S-phase are critical for cell cycle progression. Here, by using a nascent RNA capture assay coupled with high-throughput sequencing, we determined the temporal patterns of transcriptional events that occur during S-phase. We show that genes involved in critical S-phase-specific biological processes such as nucleosome assembly and DNA repair have temporal transcription patterns across S-phase that are not evident from total RNA levels. By comparing transcription timing with replication timing in S-phase, we show that early replicating genes show increased transcription late in S-phase whereas late replicating genes are predominantly transcribed early in S-phase. Global anti-correlation between replication and transcription timing was observed only based on nascent RNA but not total RNA. Our data provides a detailed view of ongoing transcriptional events during the S-phase of cell cycle, and supports that transcription and replication are temporally separated.
    MeSH term(s) Cell Cycle/genetics ; Cell Cycle/physiology ; DNA Replication/genetics ; DNA Replication/physiology ; DNA Replication Timing/genetics ; DNA Replication Timing/physiology ; Humans ; S Phase/genetics
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-12-11
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2146183-1
    ISSN 1551-4005 ; 1538-4101 ; 1554-8627
    ISSN (online) 1551-4005
    ISSN 1538-4101 ; 1554-8627
    DOI 10.4161/15384101.2014.953876
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