Article ; Online: Enrichment of SARS-CoV-2 Entry Factors and Interacting Intracellular Genes in Tissue and Circulating Immune Cells.
2021 Volume 13, Issue 9
Abstract: SARS-CoV-2 uses ACE2 and TMPRSS2 to gain entry into the cell. However, recent studies have shown that SARS-CoV-2 may use additional host factors that are required for the viral lifecycle. Here we used publicly available datasets, CoV-associated genes, ... ...
| Abstract | SARS-CoV-2 uses ACE2 and TMPRSS2 to gain entry into the cell. However, recent studies have shown that SARS-CoV-2 may use additional host factors that are required for the viral lifecycle. Here we used publicly available datasets, CoV-associated genes, and machine learning algorithms to explore the SARS-CoV-2 interaction landscape in different tissues. We found that in general a small fraction of cells express ACE2 in the different tissues, including nasal, bronchi, and lungs. We show that a small fraction of immune cells (including T cells, macrophages, dendritic cells) found in tissues also express ACE2. We show that healthy circulating immune cells do not express ACE2 and TMPRSS2. However, a small fraction of circulating immune cells (including dendritic cells, monocytes, T cells) in the PBMC of COVID-19 patients express ACE2 and TMPRSS2. Additionally, we found that a large spectrum of cells (in tissues and circulation) in both healthy and COVID-19-positive patients were significantly enriched for SARS-CoV-2 factors, such as those associated with RHOA and RAB GTPases, mRNA translation proteins, COPI- and COPII-mediated transport, and integrins. Thus, we propose that further research is needed to explore if SARS-CoV-2 can directly infect tissue and circulating immune cells to better understand the virus' mechanism of action. |
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| MeSH term(s) | COVID-19/blood ; COVID-19/etiology ; Dendritic Cells/immunology ; Dendritic Cells/metabolism ; Disease Susceptibility ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Gene Expression Regulation ; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing ; Host-Pathogen Interactions/genetics ; Host-Pathogen Interactions/immunology ; Humans ; Immune System/immunology ; Immune System/metabolism ; Immunity, Innate ; Macrophages/immunology ; Macrophages/metabolism ; SARS-CoV-2/physiology ; Single-Cell Analysis ; Virus Internalization |
| Language | English |
| Publishing date | 2021-09-02 |
| Publishing country | Switzerland |
| Document type | Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't |
| ZDB-ID | 2516098-9 |
| ISSN | 1999-4915 ; 1999-4915 |
| ISSN (online) | 1999-4915 |
| ISSN | 1999-4915 |
| DOI | 10.3390/v13091757 |
| Database | MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE |
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