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  1. Article ; Online: A High Resolution XUV Grating Monochromator for the Spectral Selection of Ultrashort Harmonic Pulses

    Nicola Fabris / Paolo Miotti / Fabio Frassetto / Luca Poletto

    Applied Sciences, Vol 9, Iss 12, p

    2019  Volume 2502

    Abstract: A new monochromator with high spectral resolution in the extreme ultraviolet (XUV) has been developed for high-order laser harmonics selection. The system has three optical elements—a cylindrical (or spherical) focusing mirror, a uniform-line-spaced ... ...

    Abstract A new monochromator with high spectral resolution in the extreme ultraviolet (XUV) has been developed for high-order laser harmonics selection. The system has three optical elements—a cylindrical (or spherical) focusing mirror, a uniform-line-spaced plane grating, and a plane mirror. The last element is required to maintain the focus on a fixed vertical slit when the grating subtended angle is changed in order to minimize the spectral defocusing aberration. The parameters of the focusing mirror are determined to introduce a coma that compensates for the coma given by the grating. The possibility of using two interchangeable gratings made the set-up optimized for a broad energy range of 12−50 eV. As a design test case, the set-up has been applied to a selection of the discrete spectral lines emitted by a gas-discharge lamp as the XUV source, obtaining a resolving power E/ <math display="inline"> <semantics> <mo>Δ</mo> </semantics> </math> E > 3000.
    Keywords high-order harmonic generation ; ultrafast pulses ; extreme ultraviolet ; high resolution ; monochromators ; Technology ; T ; Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ; TA1-2040 ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Physics ; QC1-999 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
    Subject code 621
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-06-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article ; Online: Intravaginal practices, vaginal infections and HIV acquisition

    Adriane Martin Hilber / Suzanna C Francis / Matthew Chersich / Pippa Scott / Shelagh Redmond / Nicole Bender / Paolo Miotti / Marleen Temmerman / Nicola Low

    PLoS ONE, Vol 5, Iss 2, p e

    systematic review and meta-analysis.

    2010  Volume 9119

    Abstract: Intravaginal practices are commonly used by women to manage their vaginal health and sexual life. These practices could, however, affect intravaginal mucosal integrity. The objectives of this study were to examine evidence for associations between: ... ...

    Abstract Intravaginal practices are commonly used by women to manage their vaginal health and sexual life. These practices could, however, affect intravaginal mucosal integrity. The objectives of this study were to examine evidence for associations between: intravaginal practices and acquisition of HIV infection; intravaginal practices and vaginal infections; and vaginal infections and HIV acquisition.We conducted a systematic review of prospective longitudinal studies, searching 15 electronic databases of journals and abstracts from two international conferences to 31(st) January 2008. Relevant articles were selected and data extracted in duplicate. Results were examined visually in forest plots and combined using random effects meta-analysis where appropriate. Of 2120 unique references we included 22 publications from 15 different studies in sub-Saharan Africa and the USA. Seven publications from five studies examined a range of intravaginal practices and HIV infection. No specific vaginal practices showed a protective effect against HIV or vaginal infections. Insertion of products for sex was associated with HIV in unadjusted analyses; only one study gave an adjusted estimate, which showed no association (hazard ratio 1.09, 95% confidence interval, CI 0.71, 1.67). HIV incidence was higher in women reporting intravaginal cleansing but confidence intervals were wide and heterogeneity high (adjusted hazard ratio 1.88, 95%CI 0.53, 6.69, I(2) 83.2%). HIV incidence was higher in women with bacterial vaginosis (adjusted effect 1.57, 95%CI 1.26, 1.94, I(2) 19.0%) and Trichomonas vaginalis (adjusted effect 1.64, 95%CI 1.28, 2.09, I(2) 0.0%).A pathway linking intravaginal cleaning practices with vaginal infections that increase susceptibility to HIV infection is plausible but conclusive evidence is lacking. Intravaginal practices do not appear to protect women from vaginal infections or HIV and some might be harmful.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 360
    Language English
    Publishing date 2010-02-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: Chirped pulse amplification in an extreme-ultraviolet free-electron laser

    David Gauthier / Enrico Allaria / Marcello Coreno / Ivan Cudin / Hugo Dacasa / Miltcho Boyanov Danailov / Alexander Demidovich / Simone Di Mitri / Bruno Diviacco / Eugenio Ferrari / Paola Finetti / Fabio Frassetto / David Garzella / Swen Künzel / Vincent Leroux / Benoît Mahieu / Nicola Mahne / Michael Meyer / Tommaso Mazza /
    Paolo Miotti / Giuseppe Penco / Lorenzo Raimondi / Primož Rebernik Ribič / Robert Richter / Eléonore Roussel / Sebastian Schulz / Luca Sturari / Cristian Svetina / Mauro Trovò / Paul Andreas Walker / Marco Zangrando / Carlo Callegari / Marta Fajardo / Luca Poletto / Philippe Zeitoun / Luca Giannessi / Giovanni De Ninno

    Nature Communications, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2016  Volume 6

    Abstract: Short laser pulses of femtosecond time scales are in high demand in order to explore the fast electron dynamics in light-matter interactions. Here, the authors demonstrated the compression of free electron laser pulses in the extreme ultraviolet range by ...

    Abstract Short laser pulses of femtosecond time scales are in high demand in order to explore the fast electron dynamics in light-matter interactions. Here, the authors demonstrated the compression of free electron laser pulses in the extreme ultraviolet range by using a chirped pulse amplification technique.
    Keywords Science ; Q
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-12-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Nature Portfolio
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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