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Buch ; Online: "Flux+Mutability"

Fanelli, C. / Giroux, J. / Papandreou, Z.

A Conditional Generative Approach to One-Class Classification and Anomaly Detection

2022

Abstract: Anomaly Detection is becoming increasingly popular within the experimental physics community. At experiments such as the Large Hadron Collider, anomaly detection is at the forefront of finding new physics beyond the Standard Model. This paper details the ...

Abstract	Anomaly Detection is becoming increasingly popular within the experimental physics community. At experiments such as the Large Hadron Collider, anomaly detection is at the forefront of finding new physics beyond the Standard Model. This paper details the implementation of a novel Machine Learning architecture, called Flux+Mutability, which combines cutting-edge conditional generative models with clustering algorithms. In the `flux' stage we learn the distribution of a reference class. The `mutability' stage at inference addresses if data significantly deviates from the reference class. We demonstrate the validity of our approach and its connection to multiple problems spanning from one-class classification to anomaly detection. In particular, we apply our method to the isolation of neutral showers in an electromagnetic calorimeter and show its performance in detecting anomalous dijets events from standard QCD background. This approach limits assumptions on the reference sample and remains agnostic to the complementary class of objects of a given problem. We describe the possibility of dynamically generating a reference population and defining selection criteria via quantile cuts. Remarkably this flexible architecture can be deployed for a wide range of problems, and applications like multi-class classification or data quality control are left for further exploration. Comment: 30 pages, 14 figures
Schlagwörter	Computer Science - Machine Learning ; High Energy Physics - Experiment ; Nuclear Experiment ; Physics - Data Analysis ; Statistics and Probability
Thema/Rubrik (Code)	006
Erscheinungsdatum	2022-04-18
Erscheinungsland	us
Dokumenttyp	Buch ; Online
Datenquelle	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (Lebenswissenschaftliche Auswahl)

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Artikel ; Online: Development of a novel high quantum efficiency MV x-ray detector for image-guided radiotherapy: A feasibility study.

Liu, Jian / Xu, Yuan / Teymurazyan, Aram / Papandreou, Zisis / Pang, Geordi

Medical physics

2019 Band 47, Heft 1, Seite(n) 152–163

Abstract: Purpose: To develop a new scintillating fiber-based electronic portal imaging device (EPID) with a high quantum efficiency (QE) while preserving an adequate spatial resolution.: Methods: Two prototypes were built: one with a single pixel readout and ... ...

Abstract	Purpose: To develop a new scintillating fiber-based electronic portal imaging device (EPID) with a high quantum efficiency (QE) while preserving an adequate spatial resolution. Methods: Two prototypes were built: one with a single pixel readout and the other with an active matrix flat-panel imager (AMFPI) for readout. The energy conversion layer of both prototypes was made of scintillating fiber layers interleaved with corrugated lead sheets to form a honeycomb pattern. The scintillating fibers have a diameter of 1 mm and the distance between the centers of neighboring fibers on the same layer is 1.35 mm. The layers have 1.22 mm spacing between them. The energy conversion layer has a thickness of 2 cm. The modulation transfer function (MTF), antiscatter properties and sensitivity of the detector with a single pixel readout were measured using a 6-MV beam on a LINAC machine. In addition, a Monte Carlo simulation was conducted to calculate the zero-frequency detective quantum efficiency (DQE(0)) of the proposed detector with an active matrix flat-panel imager for readout. Results: The DQE(0) of the proposed detector can be 11.5%, which is about an order of magnitude higher than that of current EPIDs. The frequency of 50% modulation ( Conclusions: This work indicates that by using scintillating fibers and lead layers it is possible to increase the thickness of the detecting materials, and therefore the QE or the DQE(0) of the detector, while maintaining an adequate spatial resolution for MV x-ray imaging. Due to the use of lead as the spacing material, the new detector also has antiscatter property, which will help improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the images. Further investigation to optimize the design of the detector and achieve a better combination of DQE and spatial resolution is warranted.
Mesh-Begriff(e)	Equipment Design ; Feasibility Studies ; Radiotherapy, Image-Guided/instrumentation ; Scattering, Radiation ; Scintillation Counting ; X-Rays
Sprache	Englisch
Erscheinungsdatum	2019-11-04
Erscheinungsland	United States
Dokumenttyp	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	188780-4
ISSN	2473-4209 ; 0094-2405
ISSN (online)	2473-4209
ISSN	0094-2405
DOI	10.1002/mp.13900
Datenquelle	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Artikel ; Online: Soil Buffering Capacity Can Be Used To Optimize Biostimulation of Psychrotrophic Hydrocarbon Remediation.

Mamet, Steven D / Jimmo, Amy / Conway, Alexandra / Teymurazyan, Aram / Talebitaher, Alizera / Papandreou, Zisis / Chang, Yu-Fen / Shannon, Whitney / Peak, Derek / Siciliano, Steven D

Environmental science & technology

2021 Band 55, Heft 14, Seite(n) 9864–9875

Abstract: Effective bioremediation of hydrocarbons requires innovative approaches to minimize phosphate precipitation in soils of different buffering capacities. Understanding the mechanisms underlying sustained stimulation of bacterial activity remains a key ... ...

Abstract	Effective bioremediation of hydrocarbons requires innovative approaches to minimize phosphate precipitation in soils of different buffering capacities. Understanding the mechanisms underlying sustained stimulation of bacterial activity remains a key challenge for optimizing bioremediation-particularly in northern regions. Positron emission tomography (PET) can trace microbial activity within the naturally occurring soil structure of intact soils. Here, we use PET to test two hypotheses: (1) optimizing phosphate bioavailability in soil will outperform a generic biostimulatory solution in promoting hydrocarbon remediation and (2) oligotrophic biostimulation will be more effective than eutrophic approaches. In so doing, we highlight the key bacterial taxa that underlie aerobic and anaerobic hydrocarbon degradation in subarctic soils. In particular, we showed that (i) optimized phosphate bioavailability outperformed generic biostimulatory solutions in promoting hydrocarbon degradation, (ii) oligotrophic biostimulation is more effective than eutrophic approaches, and (iii) optimized biostimulatory solutions stimulated specific soil regions and bacterial consortia. The knowledge gleaned from this study will be crucial in developing field-scale biodegradation treatments for sustained stimulation of bacterial activity in northern regions.
Mesh-Begriff(e)	Biodegradation, Environmental ; Hydrocarbons ; Petroleum ; Soil ; Soil Microbiology ; Soil Pollutants/analysis
Chemische Substanzen	Hydrocarbons ; Petroleum ; Soil ; Soil Pollutants
Sprache	Englisch
Erscheinungsdatum	2021-06-25
Erscheinungsland	United States
Dokumenttyp	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	1520-5851
ISSN (online)	1520-5851
DOI	10.1021/acs.est.1c01113
Datenquelle	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Buch ; Online: AI-assisted Optimization of the ECCE Tracking System at the Electron Ion Collider

Fanelli, C. / Papandreou, Z. / Suresh, K. / Adkins, J. K. / Akiba, Y. / Albataineh, A. / Amaryan, M. / Arsene, I. C. / Gayoso, C. Ayerbe / Bae, J. / Bai, X. / Baker, M. D. / Bashkanov, M. / Bellwied, R. / Benmokhtar, F. / Berdnikov, V. / Bernauer, J. C. / Bock, F. / Boeglin, W. /

Borysova, M. / Brash, E. / Brindza, P. / Briscoe, W. J. / Brooks, M. / Bueltmann, S. / Bukhari, M. H. S. / Bylinkin, A. / Capobianco, R. / Chang, W. -C. / Cheon, Y. / Chen, K. / Chen, K. -F. / Cheng, K. -Y. / Chiu, M. / Chujo, T. / Citron, Z. / Cline, E. / Cohen, E. / Cormier, T. / Morales, Y. Corrales / Cotton, C. / Crafts, J. / Crawford, C. / Creekmore, S. / Cuevas, C. / Cunningham, J. / David, G. / Dean, C. T. / Demarteau, M. / Diehl, S.

2022

Abstract: The Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) is a cutting-edge accelerator facility that will study the nature of the "glue" that binds the building blocks of the visible matter in the universe. The proposed experiment will be realized at Brookhaven National ... ...

Abstract	The Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) is a cutting-edge accelerator facility that will study the nature of the "glue" that binds the building blocks of the visible matter in the universe. The proposed experiment will be realized at Brookhaven National Laboratory in approximately 10 years from now, with detector design and R&D currently ongoing. Notably, EIC is one of the first large-scale facilities to leverage Artificial Intelligence (AI) already starting from the design and R&D phases. The EIC Comprehensive Chromodynamics Experiment (ECCE) is a consortium that proposed a detector design based on a 1.5T solenoid. The EIC detector proposal review concluded that the ECCE design will serve as the reference design for an EIC detector. Herein we describe a comprehensive optimization of the ECCE tracker using AI. The work required a complex parametrization of the simulated detector system. Our approach dealt with an optimization problem in a multidimensional design space driven by multiple objectives that encode the detector performance, while satisfying several mechanical constraints. We describe our strategy and show results obtained for the ECCE tracking system. The AI-assisted design is agnostic to the simulation framework and can be extended to other sub-detectors or to a system of sub-detectors to further optimize the performance of the EIC detector. Comment: 16 pages, 18 figures, 2 appendices, 3 tables
Schlagwörter	Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors ; Computer Science - Machine Learning ; High Energy Physics - Experiment ; Nuclear Experiment ; Physics - Computational Physics
Thema/Rubrik (Code)	670 ; 006
Erscheinungsdatum	2022-05-18
Erscheinungsland	us
Dokumenttyp	Buch ; Online
Datenquelle	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (Lebenswissenschaftliche Auswahl)

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Artikel ; Online: First Measurement of Near-Threshold J/ψ Exclusive Photoproduction off the Proton.

Ali, A / Amaryan, M / Anassontzis, E G / Austregesilo, A / Baalouch, M / Barbosa, F / Barlow, J / Barnes, A / Barriga, E / Beattie, T D / Berdnikov, V V / Black, T / Boeglin, W / Boer, M / Briscoe, W J / Britton, T / Brooks, W K / Cannon, B E / Cao, N /

Chudakov, E / Cole, S / Cortes, O / Crede, V / Dalton, M M / Daniels, T / Deur, A / Dobbs, S / Dolgolenko, A / Dotel, R / Dugger, M / Dzhygadlo, R / Egiyan, H / Ernst, A / Eugenio, P / Fanelli, C / Fegan, S / Foda, A M / Foote, J / Frye, J / Furletov, S / Gan, L / Gasparian, A / Gauzshtein, V / Gevorgyan, N / Gleason, C / Goetzen, K / Goncalves, A / Goryachev, V S / Guo, L / Hakobyan, H / Hamdi, A / Han, S / Hardin, J / Huber, G M / Hurley, A / Ireland, D G / Ito, M M / Jarvis, N S / Jones, R T / Kakoyan, V / Kalicy, G / Kamel, M / Kourkoumelis, C / Kuleshov, S / Kuznetsov, I / Larin, I / Lawrence, D / Lersch, D I / Li, H / Li, W / Liu, B / Livingston, K / Lolos, G J / Lyubovitskij, V / Mack, D / Marukyan, H / Matveev, V / McCaughan, M / McCracken, M / McGinley, W / McIntyre, J / Meyer, C A / Miskimen, R / Mitchell, R E / Mokaya, F / Nerling, F / Ng, L / Ostrovidov, A I / Papandreou, Z / Patsyuk, M / Pauli, P / Pedroni, R / Pentchev, L / Peters, K J / Phelps, W / Pooser, E / Qin, N / Reinhold, J / Ritchie, B G / Robison, L / Romanov, D / Romero, C / Salgado, C / Schertz, A M / Schumacher, R A / Schwiening, J / Seth, K K / Shen, X / Shepherd, M R / Smith, E S / Sober, D I / Somov, A / Somov, S / Soto, O / Stevens, J R / Strakovsky, I I / Suresh, K / Tarasov, V / Taylor, S / Teymurazyan, A / Thiel, A / Vasileiadis, G / Werthmüller, D / Whitlatch, T / Wickramaarachchi, N / Williams, M / Xiao, T / Yang, Y / Zarling, J / Zhang, Z / Zhao, G / Zhou, Q / Zhou, X / Zihlmann, B

Physical review letters

2019 Band 123, Heft 7, Seite(n) 72001

Abstract: We report on the measurement of the γp→J/ψp cross section from E_{γ}=11.8 GeV down to the threshold at 8.2 GeV using a tagged photon beam with the GlueX experiment. We find that the total cross section falls toward the threshold less steeply than ... ...

Abstract	We report on the measurement of the γp→J/ψp cross section from E_{γ}=11.8 GeV down to the threshold at 8.2 GeV using a tagged photon beam with the GlueX experiment. We find that the total cross section falls toward the threshold less steeply than expected from two-gluon exchange models. The differential cross section dσ/dt has an exponential slope of 1.67±0.39 GeV^{-2} at 10.7 GeV average energy. The LHCb pentaquark candidates P_{c}^{+} can be produced in the s channel of this reaction. We see no evidence for them and set model-dependent upper limits on their branching fractions B(P_{c}^{+}→J/ψp) and cross sections σ(γp→P_{c}^{+})×B(P_{c}^{+}→J/ψp).
Sprache	Englisch
Erscheinungsdatum	2019-09-12
Erscheinungsland	United States
Dokumenttyp	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	208853-8
ISSN	1079-7114 ; 0031-9007
ISSN (online)	1079-7114
ISSN	0031-9007
DOI	10.1103/PhysRevLett.123.072001
Datenquelle	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Artikel: Composite particle emission following negative pion absorption on 12C at T pi -=165 MeV.

Papandreou / Lolos / Huber / Cormier / Naqvi / Ottewell / Walden / Jones

Physical review. C, Nuclear physics

1990 Band 41, Heft 4, Seite(n) R1339–R1343

Sprache	Englisch
Erscheinungsdatum	1990-04
Erscheinungsland	United States
Dokumenttyp	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	209771-0
ISSN	1089-490X ; 0556-2813 ; 2469-9985
ISSN (online)	1089-490X
ISSN	0556-2813 ; 2469-9985
DOI	10.1103/physrevc.41.r1339
Datenquelle	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Artikel: Role of quasideuteron absorption in the 6Li( pi +, pp) reaction at T pi +=100, 165 MeV.

Lolos / Huber / Mathie / Naqvi / Papandreou / Ottewell / Walden / Jones / Aslanoglou / Visschers

Physical review. C, Nuclear physics

1996 Band 54, Heft 1, Seite(n) 211–221

Sprache	Englisch
Erscheinungsdatum	1996-07
Erscheinungsland	United States
Dokumenttyp	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	209771-0
ISSN	1089-490X ; 0556-2813 ; 2469-9985
ISSN (online)	1089-490X
ISSN	0556-2813 ; 2469-9985
DOI	10.1103/physrevc.54.211
Datenquelle	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Artikel: Test of charge conjugation invariance.

Nefkens, B M K / Prakhov, S / Gårdestig, A / Allgower, C E / Bekrenev, V / Briscoe, W J / Clajus, M / Comfort, J R / Craig, K / Grosnick, D / Isenhower, D / Knecht, N / Koetke, D / Koulbardis, A / Kozlenko, N / Kruglov, S / Lolos, G / Lopatin, I / Manley, D M /

Manweiler, R / Marusić, A / McDonald, S / Olmsted, J / Papandreou, Z / Peaslee, D / Phaisangittisakul, N / Price, J W / Ramirez, A F / Sadler, M / Shafi, A / Spinka, H / Stanislaus, T D S / Starostin, A / Staudenmaier, H M / Supek, I / Tippens, W B

Physical review letters

2005 Band 94, Heft 4, Seite(n) 41601

Abstract: We report on the first determination of upper limits on the branching ratio (BR) of eta decay to pi0pi0gamma and to pi0pi0pi0gamma. Both decay modes are strictly forbidden by charge conjugation (C) invariance. Using the Crystal Ball multiphoton detector, ...

Abstract	We report on the first determination of upper limits on the branching ratio (BR) of eta decay to pi0pi0gamma and to pi0pi0pi0gamma. Both decay modes are strictly forbidden by charge conjugation (C) invariance. Using the Crystal Ball multiphoton detector, we obtained BR(eta-->pi0pi0gamma)<5 x 10(-4) at the 90% confidence level, in support of C invariance of isoscalar electromagnetic interactions of the light quarks. We have also measured BR(eta-->pi0pi0pi0gamma)<6 x 10(-5) at the 90% confidence level, in support of C invariance of isovector electromagnetic interactions.
Sprache	Englisch
Erscheinungsdatum	2005-02-04
Erscheinungsland	United States
Dokumenttyp	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	208853-8
ISSN	1079-7114 ; 0031-9007
ISSN (online)	1079-7114
ISSN	0031-9007
DOI	10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.041601
Datenquelle	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Artikel: 6Li( pi +, pp)4Heg.s. reaction at 100 and 165 MeV incident pion energies.

Papandreou / Huber / Lolos / Cormier / Mathie / Naqvi / Ottewell / Tacik / Walden / Jones / Trelle / Aslanoglou / Humphrey

Physical review. C, Nuclear physics

1995 Band 51, Heft 6, Seite(n) R2862–R2866

Sprache	Englisch
Erscheinungsdatum	1995-06
Erscheinungsland	United States
Dokumenttyp	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	209771-0
ISSN	1089-490X ; 0556-2813 ; 2469-9985
ISSN (online)	1089-490X
ISSN	0556-2813 ; 2469-9985
DOI	10.1103/physrevc.51.r2862
Datenquelle	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Buch ; Online: Beam Asymmetry $\mathbf{\Sigma}$ for the Photoproduction of $\mathbf{\eta}$ and $\mathbf{\eta^{\prime}}$ Mesons at $\mathbf{E_{\gamma}=8.8}$GeV

The GlueX Collaboration / Adhikari, S. / Ali, A. / Amaryan, M. / Austregesilo, A. / Barbosa, F. / Barlow, J. / Barnes, A. / Barriga, E. / Barsotti, R. / Beattie, T. D. / Berdnikov, V. V. / Black, T. / Boeglin, W. / Boer, M. / Briscoe, W. J. / Britton, T. / Brooks, W. K. / Cannon, B. E. /

Cao, N. / Chudakov, E. / Cole, S. / Cortes, O. / Crede, V. / Dalton, M. M. / Daniels, T. / Deur, A. / Dobbs, S. / Dolgolenko, A. / Dotel, R. / Dugger, M. / Dzhygadlo, R. / Egiyan, H. / Erbora, T. / Ernst, A. / Eugenio, P. / Fanelli, C. / Fegan, S. / Foda, A. M. / Foote, J. / Frye, J. / Furletov, S. / Gan, L. / Gasparian, A. / Gevorgyan, N. / Gleason, C. / Goetzen, K. / Goncalves, A. / Goryachev, V. S. / Guo, L. / Hakobyan, H. / Hamdi, A. / Huber, G. M. / Hurley, A. / Ireland, D. G. / Ito, M. M. / Jarvis, N. S. / Jones, R. T. / Kakoyan, V. / Kalicy, G. / Kamel, M. / Kourkoumelis, C. / Kuleshov, S. / Larin, I. / Lawrence, D. / Lersch, D. I. / Li, H. / Li, W. / Liu, B. / Livingston, K. / Lolos, G. J. / Lyubovitskij, V. / Mack, D. / Marukyan, H. / Mattione, P. / Matveev, V. / McCaughan, M. / McCracken, M. / McGinley, W. / Meyer, C. A. / Miskimen, R. / Mitchell, R. E. / Nerling, F. / Ng, L. / Ostrovidov, A. I. / Papandreou, Z. / Patsyuk, M. / Paudel, C. / Pauli, P. / Pedroni, R. / Pentchev, L. / Peters, K. J. / Phelps, W. / Pooser, E. / Qin, N. / Reinhold, J. / Ritchie, B. G. / Robison, L. / Romanov, D. / Romero, C. / Salgado, C. / Schertz, A. M. / Schumacher, R. A. / Schwiening, J. / Semenov, A. Yu. / Semenova, I. A. / Seth, K. K. / Shen, X. / Shepherd, M. R. / Smith, E. S. / Sober, D. I. / Somov, A. / Somov, S. / Soto, O. / Staib, M. / Stevens, J. R. / Strakovsky, I. I. / Suresh, K. / Tarasov, V. V. / Taylor, S. / Teymurazyan, A. / Thiel, A. / Vasileiadis, G. / Whitlatch, T. / Wickramaarachchi, N. / Williams, M. / Xiao, T. / Yang, Y. / Zarling, J. / Zhang, Z. / Zhao, G. / Zhou, Q. / Zhou, X. / Zihlmann, B.

2019

Abstract: We report on the measurement of the beam asymmetry $\Sigma$ for the reactions $\vec{\gamma}p\rightarrow p\eta$ and $\vec{\gamma}p \rightarrow p\eta^{\prime}$ from the GlueX experiment, using an 8.2--8.8 GeV linearly polarized tagged photon beam incident ... ...

Abstract	We report on the measurement of the beam asymmetry $\Sigma$ for the reactions $\vec{\gamma}p\rightarrow p\eta$ and $\vec{\gamma}p \rightarrow p\eta^{\prime}$ from the GlueX experiment, using an 8.2--8.8 GeV linearly polarized tagged photon beam incident on a liquid hydrogen target in Hall D at Jefferson Lab. These measurements are made as a function of momentum transfer $-t$, with significantly higher statistical precision than our earlier $\eta$ measurements, and are the first measurements of $\eta^{\prime}$ in this energy range. We compare the results to theoretical predictions based on $t$--channel quasi-particle exchange. We also compare the ratio of $\Sigma_{\eta}$ to $\Sigma_{\eta^{\prime}}$ to these models, as this ratio is predicted to be sensitive to the amount of $s\bar{s}$ exchange in the production. We find that photoproduction of both $\eta$ and $\eta^{\prime}$ is dominated by natural parity exchange with little dependence on $-t$. Comment: 18 pages, 7 figures
Schlagwörter	Nuclear Experiment ; High Energy Physics - Experiment
Thema/Rubrik (Code)	551
Erscheinungsdatum	2019-08-15
Erscheinungsland	us
Dokumenttyp	Buch ; Online
Datenquelle	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (Lebenswissenschaftliche Auswahl)

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