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  1. Article: An Updated View on the Cellular Uptake and Mode-of-Action of Clostridioides difficile Toxins.

    Papatheodorou, Panagiotis / Minton, Nigel P / Aktories, Klaus / Barth, Holger

    Advances in experimental medicine and biology

    2024  Volume 1435, Page(s) 219–247

    Abstract: Research on the human gut pathogen Clostridioides (C.) difficile and its toxins continues to attract much attention as a consequence of the threat to human health posed by hypervirulent strains. Toxin A (TcdA) and Toxin B (TcdB) are the two major ... ...

    Abstract Research on the human gut pathogen Clostridioides (C.) difficile and its toxins continues to attract much attention as a consequence of the threat to human health posed by hypervirulent strains. Toxin A (TcdA) and Toxin B (TcdB) are the two major virulence determinants of C. difficile. Both are single-chain proteins with a similar multidomain architecture. Certain hypervirulent C. difficile strains also produce a third toxin, namely binary toxin CDT (C. difficile transferase). C. difficile toxins are the causative agents of C. difficile-associated diseases (CDADs), such as antibiotics-associated diarrhea and pseudomembranous colitis. For that reason, considerable efforts have been expended to unravel their molecular mode-of-action and the cellular mechanisms responsible for their uptake. Many of these studies have been conducted in European laboratories. Here, we provide an update on our previous review (Papatheodorou et al. Adv Exp Med Biol, 2018) on important advances in C. difficile toxins research.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Bacterial Toxins/toxicity ; Clostridioides difficile ; Biological Transport ; Antibodies, Bacterial ; Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous
    Chemical Substances Bacterial Toxins ; Antibodies, Bacterial
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-04
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 410187-X
    ISSN 0065-2598
    ISSN 0065-2598
    DOI 10.1007/978-3-031-42108-2_11
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  2. Article: Gallbladder Clear Cell Carcinoma: Report of a Rare Case and Literature Review.

    Papatheodorou, Panayiotis / Frantzeskou, Kyriakos / Konstantinou, Kyriaki / Theophanous, Elena

    Case reports in surgery

    2023  Volume 2023, Page(s) 8104679

    Abstract: Carcinoma of the gallbladder is the most common biliary tract cancer. The majority of gallbladder cancers are adenocarcinomas, whereas clear-cell carcinoma of the gallbladder (CCG) is a rarely recorded variant. Usually, diagnosis is established ... ...

    Abstract Carcinoma of the gallbladder is the most common biliary tract cancer. The majority of gallbladder cancers are adenocarcinomas, whereas clear-cell carcinoma of the gallbladder (CCG) is a rarely recorded variant. Usually, diagnosis is established incidentally after cholecystectomy, performed for another reason. Clinically, the different histological types of carcinomas are impossible to be recognized preoperatively, since they present with a wide and common range of symptoms. We present a male patient who underwent an emergency cholecystectomy due to suspected perforation. After an uneventful postoperative period, the histopathological report led to the diagnosis of CCG, but the surgical margins were infiltrated by the tumor. The patient decided not to proceed with any additional treatment and passed away 8 months after the operation. In conclusion, it is of great necessity to record such unusual cases and enriches global knowledge with information clinically and educationally noteworthy.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-24
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Case Reports
    ZDB-ID 2657697-1
    ISSN 2090-6919 ; 2090-6900
    ISSN (online) 2090-6919
    ISSN 2090-6900
    DOI 10.1155/2023/8104679
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  3. Article ; Online: Sclerosing angiomatoid nodular transformation of the spleen: a case report.

    Papatheodorou, Panayiotis / Taliadoros, Athanasios / Thrasyvoulou, Christos / Tsironis, George

    BMJ case reports

    2021  Volume 14, Issue 12

    Abstract: Sclerosing angiomatoid nodular transformation (SANT) of the spleen is an uncommon primary benign condition with specific histopathological characteristics. The majority of the patients are usually asymptomatic and present for treatment after an ... ...

    Abstract Sclerosing angiomatoid nodular transformation (SANT) of the spleen is an uncommon primary benign condition with specific histopathological characteristics. The majority of the patients are usually asymptomatic and present for treatment after an incidental finding on a routine abdominal imaging. The differential diagnosis includes other benign tumours, as well as primary malignancy or metastases of unknown origin. We report a 55-year-old woman who was presented to the surgical team of our hospital for splenectomy after the investigation of an incidental splenic lesion led to the diagnosis of SANT. The pathology report of the specimen repeated the initial diagnosis. The patient has not yet presented any complication or recurrence of the disease 8 months after the operation. From such infrequent cases, the most valuable conclusion which can be yielded is that the more the number of patients reported, the more the knowledge about the disease is broadened.
    MeSH term(s) Female ; Histiocytoma, Benign Fibrous/diagnostic imaging ; Histiocytoma, Benign Fibrous/surgery ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Splenectomy ; Splenic Diseases/diagnostic imaging ; Splenic Diseases/surgery ; Splenic Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging ; Splenic Neoplasms/surgery
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-12-23
    Publishing country England
    Document type Case Reports ; Journal Article
    ISSN 1757-790X
    ISSN (online) 1757-790X
    DOI 10.1136/bcr-2021-246993
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  4. Article ; Online: Trauma-toxicology: concepts, causes, complications.

    Barth, Holger / Worek, Franz / Steinritz, Dirk / Papatheodorou, Panagiotis / Huber-Lang, Markus

    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology

    2023  

    Abstract: Trauma and toxic substances are connected in several aspects. On the one hand, toxic substances can be the reason for traumatic injuries in the context of accidental or violent and criminal circumstances. Examples for the first scenario is the release of ...

    Abstract Trauma and toxic substances are connected in several aspects. On the one hand, toxic substances can be the reason for traumatic injuries in the context of accidental or violent and criminal circumstances. Examples for the first scenario is the release of toxic gases, chemicals, and particles during house fires, and for the second scenario, the use of chemical or biological weapons in the context of terroristic activities. Toxic substances can cause or enhance severe, life-threatening trauma, as described in this review for various chemical warfare, by inducing a tissue trauma accompanied by break down of important barriers in the body, such as the blood-air or the blood-gut barriers. This in turn initiates a "vicious circle" as the contribution of inflammatory responses to the traumatic damage enhances the macro- and micro-barrier breakdown and often results in fatal outcome. The development of sophisticated methods for detection and identification of toxic substances as well as the special treatment of the intoxicated trauma patient is summarized in this review. Moreover, some highly toxic substances, such as the protein toxins from the pathogenic bacterium Clostridioides (C.) difficile, cause severe post-traumatic complications which significantly worsens the outcome of hospitalized patients, in particular in multiply injured trauma patients. Therefore, novel pharmacological options for the treatment of such patients are necessarily needed and one promising strategy might be the neutralization of the toxins that cause the disease. This review summarizes recent findings on the molecular and cellular mechanisms of toxic chemicals and bacterial toxins that contribute to barrier breakdown in the human body as wells pharmacological options for treatment, in particular in the context of intoxicated trauma patients. "trauma-toxicology" comprises concepts regrading basic research, development of novel pharmacological/therapeutic options and clinical aspects in the complex interplay and "vicious circle" of severe tissue trauma, barrier breakdown, pathogen and toxin exposure, tissue damage, and subsequent clinical complications.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-24
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 121471-8
    ISSN 1432-1912 ; 0028-1298
    ISSN (online) 1432-1912
    ISSN 0028-1298
    DOI 10.1007/s00210-023-02845-3
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  5. Article ; Online: Synthesis of biologically active Shiga toxins in cell-free systems.

    Ramm, Franziska / Kaser, Danny / König, Irina / Fellendorf, Juliane / Wenzel, Dana / Zemella, Anne / Papatheodorou, Panagiotis / Barth, Holger / Schmidt, Herbert

    Scientific reports

    2024  Volume 14, Issue 1, Page(s) 6043

    Abstract: Shiga toxins (Stx) produced by pathogenic bacteria can cause mild to severe diseases in humans. Thus, the analysis of such toxins is of utmost importance. As an ... ...

    Abstract Shiga toxins (Stx) produced by pathogenic bacteria can cause mild to severe diseases in humans. Thus, the analysis of such toxins is of utmost importance. As an AB
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Shiga Toxins/metabolism ; Escherichia coli/genetics ; Cell-Free System/metabolism ; HeLa Cells ; Protein Biosynthesis
    Chemical Substances Shiga Toxins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-13
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2615211-3
    ISSN 2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
    ISSN (online) 2045-2322
    ISSN 2045-2322
    DOI 10.1038/s41598-024-56190-3
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  6. Article ; Online: Exploring the inhibitory potential of the antiarrhythmic drug amiodarone against

    Schumacher, Judith / Nienhaus, Astrid / Heber, Sebastian / Matylitsky, Jauheni / Chaves-Olarte, Esteban / Rodríguez, César / Barth, Holger / Papatheodorou, Panagiotis

    Gut microbes

    2023  Volume 15, Issue 2, Page(s) 2256695

    Abstract: The intestinal ... ...

    Abstract The intestinal pathogen
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Anti-Arrhythmia Agents/pharmacology ; Amiodarone/pharmacology ; Clostridioides difficile ; Bacterial Toxins ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome ; Antibodies, Bacterial
    Chemical Substances Anti-Arrhythmia Agents ; Amiodarone (N3RQ532IUT) ; Bacterial Toxins ; Antibodies, Bacterial
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-25
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2575755-6
    ISSN 1949-0984 ; 1949-0984
    ISSN (online) 1949-0984
    ISSN 1949-0984
    DOI 10.1080/19490976.2023.2256695
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  7. Article ; Online: Nuclear factor Y is a pervasive regulator of neuronal gene expression.

    Moreira, Pedro / Papatheodorou, Paul / Deng, Shuer / Gopal, Sandeep / Handley, Ava / Powell, David R / Pocock, Roger

    Cell reports

    2023  Volume 42, Issue 12, Page(s) 113582

    Abstract: Nervous system function relies on the establishment of complex gene expression programs that provide neuron-type-specific and core pan-neuronal features. These complementary regulatory paradigms are controlled by terminal selector and parallel-acting ... ...

    Abstract Nervous system function relies on the establishment of complex gene expression programs that provide neuron-type-specific and core pan-neuronal features. These complementary regulatory paradigms are controlled by terminal selector and parallel-acting transcription factors (TFs), respectively. Here, we identify the nuclear factor Y (NF-Y) TF as a pervasive direct and indirect regulator of both neuron-type-specific and pan-neuronal gene expression. Mapping global NF-Y targets reveals direct binding to the cis-regulatory regions of pan-neuronal genes and terminal selector TFs. We show that NFYA-1 controls pan-neuronal gene expression directly through binding to CCAAT boxes in target gene promoters and indirectly by regulating the expression of terminal selector TFs. Further, we find that NFYA-1 regulation of neuronal gene expression is important for neuronal activity and motor function. Thus, our research sheds light on how global neuronal gene expression programs are buffered through direct and indirect regulatory mechanisms.
    MeSH term(s) Transcription Factors/genetics ; Transcription Factors/metabolism ; Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; CCAAT-Binding Factor/genetics ; CCAAT-Binding Factor/metabolism ; Neurons/metabolism ; Gene Expression
    Chemical Substances nuclear factor Y ; Transcription Factors ; CCAAT-Binding Factor
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-12
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2649101-1
    ISSN 2211-1247 ; 2211-1247
    ISSN (online) 2211-1247
    ISSN 2211-1247
    DOI 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113582
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  8. Article ; Online: Domperidone Protects Cells from Intoxication with

    Braune-Yan, Maria / Jia, Jinfang / Wahba, Mary / Schmid, Johannes / Papatheodorou, Panagiotis / Barth, Holger / Ernst, Katharina

    Toxins

    2023  Volume 15, Issue 6

    Abstract: Clostridioides ... ...

    Abstract Clostridioides difficile
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Bacterial Toxins/metabolism ; Clostridioides difficile/metabolism ; Domperidone/pharmacology ; Domperidone/metabolism ; Caco-2 Cells ; Bacterial Proteins/metabolism ; Clostridium Infections ; Enterotoxins/toxicity ; Enterotoxins/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Bacterial Toxins ; trimethylaminocarboxyldihydroboran ; Domperidone (5587267Z69) ; Bacterial Proteins ; Enterotoxins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-07
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2518395-3
    ISSN 2072-6651 ; 2072-6651
    ISSN (online) 2072-6651
    ISSN 2072-6651
    DOI 10.3390/toxins15060384
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  9. Article ; Online: The

    Heber, Sebastian / Borho, Joscha / Stadler, Nicole / Wondany, Fanny / König, Irina / Michaelis, Jens / Papatheodorou, Panagiotis / Barth, Holger / Fellermann, Maximilian

    Toxins

    2023  Volume 15, Issue 6

    Abstract: ... The ... ...

    Abstract The binary
    MeSH term(s) Cytosol/metabolism ; Botulinum Toxins/chemistry ; Endosomes/metabolism ; Endocytosis
    Chemical Substances botulinum toxin type C (FPM7829VMX) ; Botulinum Toxins (EC 3.4.24.69)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-09
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2518395-3
    ISSN 2072-6651 ; 2072-6651
    ISSN (online) 2072-6651
    ISSN 2072-6651
    DOI 10.3390/toxins15060390
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  10. Article ; Online: Societal Attitudes Towards Autism (SATA): Validation of the Greek Version in the General Population.

    Zarokanellou, Vasiliki / Gryparis, Alexandros / Papatheodorou, Paraskevi / Tatsis, Giorgos / Tafiadis, Dionysios / Papadopoulos, Angelos / Voniati, Louiza / Siafaka, Vassiliki

    Journal of autism and developmental disorders

    2023  Volume 54, Issue 4, Page(s) 1582–1593

    Abstract: This study examined the validity of the Greek version of the Societal Attitudes Towards Autism (SATA) scale in a Greek community sample (n = 633) and explored how the demographic variables of the sample modulate knowledge and attitudes regarding people ... ...

    Abstract This study examined the validity of the Greek version of the Societal Attitudes Towards Autism (SATA) scale in a Greek community sample (n = 633) and explored how the demographic variables of the sample modulate knowledge and attitudes regarding people with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). The principal component analysis confirmed the three-dimension model and explained 40.5% of the variance. All Cronbach's alpha values obtained were over 0.70. SATA's subscales were significantly and positively correlated, indicating good internal reliability. Participants presented moderate knowledge about ASD and mediocre positive attitudes towards people with ASD. Gender, age, and educational level significantly affected SATA total scores. Overall, this Greek version of SATA showed acceptable psychometric properties, indicating that can be a reliable scale for use.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Autistic Disorder/diagnosis ; Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosis ; Reproducibility of Results ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Psychometrics ; Succinimides ; Sulfides
    Chemical Substances N-hydroxysuccinimide S-acetylthioacetate (76931-93-6) ; Succinimides ; Sulfides
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-10
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 391999-7
    ISSN 1573-3432 ; 0162-3257
    ISSN (online) 1573-3432
    ISSN 0162-3257
    DOI 10.1007/s10803-022-05842-2
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