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  1. Article ; Online: Phenanthrene removal from a spent sediment washing solution in a continuous-flow stirred-tank reactor.

    Bianco, Francesco / Race, Marco / Papirio, Stefano / Esposito, Giovanni

    Environmental research

    2023  Volume 228, Page(s) 115889

    Abstract: The issue of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is widespread in marine sediments involving ecological systems and human health. Sediment washing (SW) has proven to be the most effective remediation approach for sediments polluted by PAHs, such as ... ...

    Abstract The issue of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is widespread in marine sediments involving ecological systems and human health. Sediment washing (SW) has proven to be the most effective remediation approach for sediments polluted by PAHs, such as phenanthrene (PHE). However, SW still raises waste handling concerns due to a considerable amount of effluents generated downstream. In this context, the biological treatment of a PHE- and ethanol-containing spent SW solution can represent a highly efficient and environmentally-friendly strategy, but its knowledge is still scarce in scientific literature and no studies have so far been conducted in continuous mode. Therefore, a synthetic PHE-polluted SW solution was biologically treated in a 1 L aerated continuous-flow stirred-tank reactor for 129 days by evaluating the effect of different pH values, aeration flowrates and hydraulic retention times as operating parameters over five successive phases. A PHE removal efficiency of up to 75-94% was achieved by an acclimated PHE-degrading consortium mainly composed of Proteobacteria, Bacteroidota and Firmicutes phyla through biodegradation following the adsorption mechanism. PHE biodegradation, mainly occurring via the benzoate route due to the presence of PAH-related-degrading functional genes and a phthalate accumulation up to 46 mg/L, was also accompanied by a reduction of dissolved organic carbon and ammonia nitrogen above 99% in the treated SW solution.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Phenanthrenes ; Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons/metabolism ; Biodegradation, Environmental ; Ecosystem ; Geologic Sediments
    Chemical Substances phenanthrene (448J8E5BST) ; Phenanthrenes ; Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-11
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 205699-9
    ISSN 1096-0953 ; 0013-9351
    ISSN (online) 1096-0953
    ISSN 0013-9351
    DOI 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115889
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Phenanthrene removal from a spent sediment washing solution in a continuous-flow stirred-tank reactor

    Bianco, Francesco / Race, Marco / Papirio, Stefano / Esposito, Giovanni

    Environmental Research. 2023 July, v. 228 p.115889-

    2023  

    Abstract: The issue of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is widespread in marine sediments involving ecological systems and human health. Sediment washing (SW) has proven to be the most effective remediation approach for sediments polluted by PAHs, such as ... ...

    Abstract The issue of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is widespread in marine sediments involving ecological systems and human health. Sediment washing (SW) has proven to be the most effective remediation approach for sediments polluted by PAHs, such as phenanthrene (PHE). However, SW still raises waste handling concerns due to a considerable amount of effluents generated downstream. In this context, the biological treatment of a PHE- and ethanol-containing spent SW solution can represent a highly efficient and environmentally-friendly strategy, but its knowledge is still scarce in scientific literature and no studies have so far been conducted in continuous mode. Therefore, a synthetic PHE-polluted SW solution was biologically treated in a 1 L aerated continuous-flow stirred-tank reactor for 129 days by evaluating the effect of different pH values, aeration flowrates and hydraulic retention times as operating parameters over five successive phases. A PHE removal efficiency of up to 75–94% was achieved by an acclimated PHE-degrading consortium mainly composed of Proteobacteria, Bacteroidota and Firmicutes phyla through biodegradation following the adsorption mechanism. PHE biodegradation, mainly occurring via the benzoate route due to the presence of PAH-related-degrading functional genes and a phthalate accumulation up to 46 mg/L, was also accompanied by a reduction of dissolved organic carbon and ammonia nitrogen above 99% in the treated SW solution.
    Keywords Firmicutes ; Proteobacteria ; adsorption ; aeration ; ammonium nitrogen ; biodegradation ; biological treatment ; dissolved organic carbon ; human health ; pH ; phenanthrenes ; phthalates ; remediation ; research ; sediments ; PAHs ; Ethanol ; Sediment washing ; CSTR ; Hydraulic retention time
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2023-07
    Publishing place Elsevier Inc.
    Document type Article ; Online
    ZDB-ID 205699-9
    ISSN 1096-0953 ; 0013-9351
    ISSN (online) 1096-0953
    ISSN 0013-9351
    DOI 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115889
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  3. Article: Phenanthrene biodegradation in a fed–batch reactor treating a spent sediment washing solution: Techno–economic implications for the recovery of ethanol as extracting agent

    Bianco, Francesco / Race, Marco / Papirio, Stefano / Esposito, Giovanni

    Chemosphere. 2022 Jan., v. 286

    2022  

    Abstract: The continuous dredging of sediments contaminated by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons such as phenanthrene (PHE) has required the employment of high–efficiency technologies, including sediment washing (SW). However, the large amount of generated spent SW ...

    Abstract The continuous dredging of sediments contaminated by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons such as phenanthrene (PHE) has required the employment of high–efficiency technologies, including sediment washing (SW). However, the large amount of generated spent SW effluents requires the development of effective, eco–friendly and cost–saving approaches, which can tackle the waste formation in favor of the recovery of chemicals. This study proposes the treatment of a spent SW solution containing ethanol (EtOH) as extracting agent, by testing different initial PHE concentrations (i.e. 20–140 mg L⁻¹) within six consecutive cycles in a fed–batch bioreactor under aerobic conditions. The biological process achieved a PHE removal of 63–91% after the enrichment of PHE–degrading bacteria and the proper supplementation of nutrients, and was mainly affected by the initial PHE concentration value and the excessive decrease of pH and dissolved oxygen. Achromobacter, Sphingobacterium and Dysgonomonas genera were mainly involved in PHE degradation, which followed a first–order kinetic model (R² = 0.652–0.928) with a degradation rate and half–life time of 0.127–1.177 d⁻¹ and 0.589–2.912 d, respectively. A techno–economic assessment revealed that a virtuous operation of SW, EtOH recovery and biodegradation of the SW solution can allow the recovery of up to 1.35 tons of EtOH per ton of remediated sediment and the decrease of the overall costs by 50%.
    Keywords Achromobacter ; Dysgonomonas ; Sphingobacterium ; biodegradation ; bioreactors ; cost effectiveness ; dissolved oxygen ; ethanol ; half life ; kinetics ; pH ; phenanthrenes ; sediments
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-01
    Publishing place Elsevier Ltd
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 120089-6
    ISSN 1879-1298 ; 0045-6535 ; 0366-7111
    ISSN (online) 1879-1298
    ISSN 0045-6535 ; 0366-7111
    DOI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131361
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  4. Article ; Online: Phytoremediation of pyrene-contaminated soils: A critical review of the key factors affecting the fate of pyrene.

    Gabriele, Ilaria / Race, Marco / Papirio, Stefano / Esposito, Giovanni

    Journal of environmental management

    2021  Volume 293, Page(s) 112805

    Abstract: Soil contamination by pyrene has increased over the years due to human-related activities, urgently demanding for remediation approaches to ensure human and environment safety. Within this frame, phytoremediation has been successfully applied over the ... ...

    Abstract Soil contamination by pyrene has increased over the years due to human-related activities, urgently demanding for remediation approaches to ensure human and environment safety. Within this frame, phytoremediation has been successfully applied over the years due to its green and cost-effectiveness features. The scope of this review includes the main phytoremediation mechanisms correlated with the removal of pyrene from contaminated soils and sediments to highlight the impact of different parameters and the supplement of additives on the efficiency of the treatment. Soil organic matter (SOM), plant species, aging time, environmental parameters (pH, soil oxygenation, and temperature) and bioavailability are among the main parameters affecting pyrene removal through phytoremediation. Phytoextraction only accounts for a small part of the entire phytoremediation process, but the addition of surfactants and chelating agents in planted soils could increase pyrene accumulation in plant tissues by 20% as a consequence of the increased pyrene bioavailability. Rhizodegradation is the main phytoremediation mechanism involved due to the activity of bacteria capable of degrading pyrene in the root area. Inoculated-planted soil treatments have the potential to decrease pyrene accumulation in shoots and roots by approximately 30 and 40%, respectively, further stimulating the proliferation of pyrene-degrading bacteria in the rhizosphere. Plant-fungi symbiotic association results in an enhanced accumulation of pyrene in shoots and roots of plants as well as a higher biodegradation. Finally, pyrene removal from soil can be improved in the presence of amendments, such as natural non-ionic surfactants, biochar, and bacterial mixtures.
    MeSH term(s) Biodegradation, Environmental ; Humans ; Pyrenes ; Rhizosphere ; Soil ; Soil Pollutants/analysis
    Chemical Substances Pyrenes ; Soil ; Soil Pollutants
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-05-27
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 184882-3
    ISSN 1095-8630 ; 0301-4797
    ISSN (online) 1095-8630
    ISSN 0301-4797
    DOI 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112805
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Valorisation of industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) biomass residues through acidogenic fermentation and co-fermentation for volatile fatty acids production.

    Moscariello, Carlo / Matassa, Silvio / Pirozzi, Francesco / Esposito, Giovanni / Papirio, Stefano

    Bioresource technology

    2022  Volume 355, Page(s) 127289

    Abstract: In line with the emerging circular bioeconomy paradigm, the present study investigated the valorisation of abundant hemp biomass residues (HBRs) such as hurds (HH) and a mix of leaves and inflorescences (Mix), and other organic wastes (i.e., cheese whey ... ...

    Abstract In line with the emerging circular bioeconomy paradigm, the present study investigated the valorisation of abundant hemp biomass residues (HBRs) such as hurds (HH) and a mix of leaves and inflorescences (Mix), and other organic wastes (i.e., cheese whey and grape pomace) through the volatile fatty acid (VFA) production in mono- and co-acidogenic fermentation. The highest VFA yields, measured as acetic acid (HAc) per unit of volatile solids (VS), were obtained with the untreated Mix in mono-fermentation (185 ± 57 mg HAc/g VS) and with the combination of Mix and CW in co-fermentation (651 ± 65 mg HAc/g VS), while the highest HAc percentage reached up to 94% of total VFAs. Finally, a preliminary techno-economic evaluation revealed that the mono-fermentation of alkali pretreated HH could lead to the highest revenues among HBRs, reaching up to 710-1810, 618-1577 and 766-3722 €/ha∙year for the production of HAc, single cell protein and polyhydroxybutyrates, respectively.
    MeSH term(s) Acids ; Biomass ; Bioreactors ; Cannabis ; Fatty Acids, Volatile/metabolism ; Fermentation ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
    Chemical Substances Acids ; Fatty Acids, Volatile
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-05-08
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1065195-0
    ISSN 1873-2976 ; 0960-8524
    ISSN (online) 1873-2976
    ISSN 0960-8524
    DOI 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127289
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  6. Article ; Online: Phytoremediation of a pyrene-contaminated soil by Cannabis sativa L. at different initial pyrene concentrations.

    Gabriele, Ilaria / Race, Marco / Papirio, Stefano / Papetti, Patrizia / Esposito, Giovanni

    Chemosphere

    2022  Volume 300, Page(s) 134578

    Abstract: This study proposes the phytoremediation of a pyrene (PYR)-contaminated soil by Cannabis sativa L. The experimental campaign was conducted along a 60 days period using three different initial PYR concentrations (i.e., 50, 100 and 150 mg kg ... ...

    Abstract This study proposes the phytoremediation of a pyrene (PYR)-contaminated soil by Cannabis sativa L. The experimental campaign was conducted along a 60 days period using three different initial PYR concentrations (i.e., 50, 100 and 150 mg kg TS
    MeSH term(s) Biodegradation, Environmental ; Cannabis ; Pyrenes ; Soil ; Soil Microbiology ; Soil Pollutants/analysis
    Chemical Substances Pyrenes ; Soil ; Soil Pollutants
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-04-10
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 120089-6
    ISSN 1879-1298 ; 0045-6535 ; 0366-7111
    ISSN (online) 1879-1298
    ISSN 0045-6535 ; 0366-7111
    DOI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134578
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Microbial protein production from lactose-rich effluents through food-grade mixed cultures: Effect of carbon to nitrogen ratio and dilution rate.

    Scotto di Uccio, Antonella / Matassa, Silvio / Cesaro, Alessandra / Esposito, Giovanni / Papirio, Stefano

    Bioresource technology

    2023  Volume 388, Page(s) 129717

    Abstract: Overabundant agro-industrial side streams such as lactose-rich effluents from dairy activities offer multiple valorisation opportunities. In the present study, a food-grade mixed culture of bacteria and yeasts was tested under different operational ... ...

    Abstract Overabundant agro-industrial side streams such as lactose-rich effluents from dairy activities offer multiple valorisation opportunities. In the present study, a food-grade mixed culture of bacteria and yeasts was tested under different operational conditions for the treatment and the valorisation of cheese whey permeate (CWP), the residue of whey protein recovery, into microbial protein (MP). Under continuous aerobic fermentation settings, the carbon-to-nitrogen (C/N) ratio showed little to no influence on the system performances and MP quality as compared to dilution rates (D), leading to a final protein content as high as 76%. Under high D values, instead, while biomass productivity increased, N-efficiency and protein content decreased. Unlike the bacterial community, the yeast one proved to be highly stable and less influenced by the increase of D. A preliminary estimate indicated that 2-11% of the future MP-based food production could be satisfied by only valorising lactose-rich dairy residues such as CWP.
    MeSH term(s) Lactose/metabolism ; Carbon/analysis ; Nitrogen/analysis ; Whey/metabolism ; Whey Proteins/metabolism ; Fermentation ; Cheese ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Lactose (J2B2A4N98G) ; Carbon (7440-44-0) ; Nitrogen (N762921K75) ; Whey Proteins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-09
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1065195-0
    ISSN 1873-2976 ; 0960-8524
    ISSN (online) 1873-2976
    ISSN 0960-8524
    DOI 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129717
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  8. Article ; Online: Coupling of desorption of phenanthrene from marine sediments and biodegradation of the sediment washing solution in a novel biochar immobilized-cell reactor.

    Bianco, Francesco / Race, Marco / Papirio, Stefano / Oleszczuk, Patryk / Esposito, Giovanni

    Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)

    2022  Volume 308, Page(s) 119621

    Abstract: The recurrent dredging of marine sediments needs the use of ex-situ technologies such as sediment washing (SW) to effectively remove polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Notwithstanding, the large volumes of generated spent SW effluents require adequate ... ...

    Abstract The recurrent dredging of marine sediments needs the use of ex-situ technologies such as sediment washing (SW) to effectively remove polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Notwithstanding, the large volumes of generated spent SW effluents require adequate treatment by employing highly-efficient, inexpensive and environmentally-friendly solutions. This study proposes the phenanthrene (PHE) desorption from sediments using Tween® 80 (TW80) as extracting agent and the treatment of the resulting spent SW solution in a biochar (BC) immobilized-cell bioreactor. The SW process reached the highest PHE removal of about 91% using a surfactant solution containing 10,800 mg L
    MeSH term(s) Biodegradation, Environmental ; Charcoal ; Geologic Sediments ; Phenanthrenes/metabolism ; Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Phenanthrenes ; Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ; biochar ; Charcoal (16291-96-6)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-13
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 280652-6
    ISSN 1873-6424 ; 0013-9327 ; 0269-7491
    ISSN (online) 1873-6424
    ISSN 0013-9327 ; 0269-7491
    DOI 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119621
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  9. Article ; Online: Phenanthrene biodegradation in a fed-batch reactor treating a spent sediment washing solution: Techno-economic implications for the recovery of ethanol as extracting agent.

    Bianco, Francesco / Race, Marco / Papirio, Stefano / Esposito, Giovanni

    Chemosphere

    2021  Volume 286, Issue Pt 1, Page(s) 131361

    Abstract: The continuous dredging of sediments contaminated by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons such as phenanthrene (PHE) has required the employment of high-efficiency technologies, including sediment washing (SW). However, the large amount of generated spent SW ...

    Abstract The continuous dredging of sediments contaminated by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons such as phenanthrene (PHE) has required the employment of high-efficiency technologies, including sediment washing (SW). However, the large amount of generated spent SW effluents requires the development of effective, eco-friendly and cost-saving approaches, which can tackle the waste formation in favor of the recovery of chemicals. This study proposes the treatment of a spent SW solution containing ethanol (EtOH) as extracting agent, by testing different initial PHE concentrations (i.e. 20-140 mg L
    MeSH term(s) Biodegradation, Environmental ; Ethanol ; Geologic Sediments ; Phenanthrenes ; Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons/analysis
    Chemical Substances Phenanthrenes ; Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ; Ethanol (3K9958V90M)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-07-07
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 120089-6
    ISSN 1879-1298 ; 0045-6535 ; 0366-7111
    ISSN (online) 1879-1298
    ISSN 0045-6535 ; 0366-7111
    DOI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131361
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article: From residue to resource: The multifaceted environmental and bioeconomy potential of industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.)

    Moscariello, Carlo / Matassa, Silvio / Esposito, Giovanni / Papirio, Stefano

    Resources, conservation, and recycling. 2021 Dec., v. 175

    2021  

    Abstract: In the emerging context of circular bioeconomy, industrial hemp (Cannabis Sativa L.) biomass is a valuable resource for the sustainable implementation of second-generation biorefineries. Potentially, all the main hemp components can find application ... ...

    Abstract In the emerging context of circular bioeconomy, industrial hemp (Cannabis Sativa L.) biomass is a valuable resource for the sustainable implementation of second-generation biorefineries. Potentially, all the main hemp components can find application within different biorefinery approaches, adding value to the conventional production of hemp fibres and seeds. Hurds, leaves and inflorescences, constituting most of the hemp plant biomass, and often considered as low-value residues, can indeed play a key role in the sustainable production of both bioenergy and high-value bioproducts. The present article reviews the advances and outlines the potential future perspectives of hemp-based biorefineries. After critically overviewing some of the most established applications of hemp, spanning from soil bioremediation to bioenergy and biofuel production, particular attention is given to novel valorisation schemes to synthetize highly demanded bioproducts such as microbial protein and biopolymers. Our preliminary calculations show that hemp biomass can sustain high biodiesel yield (1.6 g/g VS (volatile solids)) and related revenues (510–868 €/ha•year), while bioethanol production can yield 0.10–0.33 mL/g VS, profiting between 75–325 €/ha•year. Moreover, hemp suits biomethane production by yielding and profiting 98–426 mL/g VS and 60–380 €/ha•year, respectively. High yields of polyhydroxybutyrate (0.13 g/g VS) can be obtained, albeit high production costs might restrain their marketability. Finally, the biomethane-to-microbial protein pathway can yield and profit 0.03–0.15 g/g VS and 141–893 €/ha•year, respectively, while the volatile fatty acids-to-microbial protein pathway 0.04 g/g VS and 91–362 €/ha•year.
    Keywords Cannabis sativa ; biodiesel ; bioeconomics ; biogas ; biorefining ; bioremediation ; ethanol production ; fuel production ; hemp ; phytomass ; polyhydroxybutyrate ; soil
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2021-12
    Publishing place Elsevier B.V.
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 1498716-8
    ISSN 0921-3449
    ISSN 0921-3449
    DOI 10.1016/j.resconrec.2021.105864
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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