Article ; Online: The Humanistic and Economic Burden Associated with Major Depressive Disorder: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Analysis.
2024 Volume 41, Issue 5, Page(s) 1860–1884
Abstract: Introduction: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a debilitating and costly condition. This analysis characterized the health-related quality of life (HRQoL), health care resource utilization (HCRU), and costs between patients with versus without MDD, ... ...
| Abstract | Introduction: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a debilitating and costly condition. This analysis characterized the health-related quality of life (HRQoL), health care resource utilization (HCRU), and costs between patients with versus without MDD, and across MDD severity levels. Methods: The 2019 National Health and Wellness Survey was used to identify adults with MDD, who were stratified by disease severity (minimal/mild, moderate, moderately severe, severe), and those without MDD. Outcomes included HRQoL (Short Form-36v2 Health Survey, EuroQol Five-Dimension Visual Analogue Scale, utility scores), HCRU (hospitalizations, emergency department [ED] visits, health care provider [HCP] visits), and annualized average direct medical and indirect (workplace) costs. A subgroup analysis was conducted in participants with MDD and prior medication treatment failure. Participant characteristics and study outcomes were evaluated using bivariate analyses and multivariable regression models, respectively. Results: Cohorts comprised 10,710 participants with MDD (minimal/mild = 5905; moderate = 2206; moderately severe = 1565; severe = 1034) and 52,687 participants without MDD. Participants with MDD had significantly lower HRQoL scores than those without (each comparison, P < 0.001). Increasing MDD severity was associated with decreasing HRQoL. Relative to participants without MDD, participants with MDD reported more HCP visits (2.72 vs 5.64; P < 0.001) and ED visits (0.18 vs 0.22; P < 0.001) but a similar number of hospitalizations. HCRU increased with increasing MDD severity. Although most patients with MDD had minimal/mild to moderate severity, total direct medical and indirect costs were significantly higher for participants with versus without MDD ($8814 vs $6072 and $5425 vs $3085, respectively, both P < 0.001). Direct and indirect costs were significantly higher across all severity levels versus minimal/mild MDD (each comparison, P < 0.05). Among patients with prior MDD medication treatment failure (n = 1077), increasing severity was associated with significantly lower HRQoL and higher total indirect costs than minimal/mild MDD. Conclusion: These results quantify the significant and diverse burdens associated with MDD and prior MDD medication treatment failure. |
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| MeSH term(s) | Humans ; Depressive Disorder, Major/economics ; Male ; Female ; Retrospective Studies ; Middle Aged ; Adult ; Quality of Life ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Cost of Illness ; Health Care Costs/statistics & numerical data ; Severity of Illness Index ; Hospitalization/economics ; Hospitalization/statistics & numerical data ; Aged ; Patient Acceptance of Health Care/statistics & numerical data |
| Language | English |
| Publishing date | 2024-03-11 |
| Publishing country | United States |
| Document type | Journal Article |
| ZDB-ID | 632651-1 |
| ISSN | 1865-8652 ; 0741-238X |
| ISSN (online) | 1865-8652 |
| ISSN | 0741-238X |
| DOI | 10.1007/s12325-024-02817-w |
| Database | MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE |
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