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Article: The effect of bariatric surgery on gastrointestinal and pancreatic peptide hormones

Meek, Claire L / Lewis, Hannah B / Reimann, Frank / Gribble, Fiona M / Park, Adrian J

Peptides. 2016 Mar., v. 77

2016

Abstract: Bariatric surgery for obesity has proved to be an extremely effective method of promoting long-term weight reduction with additional beneficial metabolic effects, such as improved glucose tolerance and remission of type 2 diabetes. A range of bariatric ... ...

Abstract	Bariatric surgery for obesity has proved to be an extremely effective method of promoting long-term weight reduction with additional beneficial metabolic effects, such as improved glucose tolerance and remission of type 2 diabetes. A range of bariatric procedures are in common use, including gastric banding, sleeve gastrectomy and the Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. Although the mechanisms underlying the efficacy of bariatric surgery are unclear, gastrointestinal and pancreatic peptides are thought to play an important role. The aim of this review is to summarise the effects of different bariatric surgery procedures upon gastrointestinal and pancreatic peptides, including ghrelin, gastrin, cholecystokinin (CCK), glucose-dependent insulinotropic hormone (GIP), glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), peptide YY (PYY), oxyntomodulin, insulin, glucagon and somatostatin.
Keywords	bariatric surgery ; cholecystokinin ; gastrins ; gastrointestinal system ; ghrelin ; glucagon ; glucagon-like peptide 1 ; glucose tolerance ; insulin ; noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus ; obesity ; peptide YY ; remission ; somatostatin ; weight loss
Language	English
Dates of publication	2016-03
Size	p. 28-37.
Publishing place	Elsevier Inc.
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	769028-9
ISSN	1873-5169 ; 0196-9781
ISSN (online)	1873-5169
ISSN	0196-9781
DOI	10.1016/j.peptides.2015.08.013
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Can encapsulated glutamine increase GLP-1 secretion, improve glucose tolerance, and reduce meal size in healthy volunteers? A randomised, placebo-controlled, cross-over trial.

Meek, Claire L / Reimann, Frank / Park, Adrian J / Gribble, Fiona M

Lancet (London, England)

2015 Volume 385 Suppl 1, Page(s) S68

Abstract: Background: Obesity is a global concern and can be effectively treated with bariatric surgery, which is expensive and invasive. Weight loss after surgery has been attributed to increased nutrient delivery to the lower small intestine with release of ... ...

Abstract	Background: Obesity is a global concern and can be effectively treated with bariatric surgery, which is expensive and invasive. Weight loss after surgery has been attributed to increased nutrient delivery to the lower small intestine with release of satiety-promoting gut hormones such as glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1). We aimed to assess whether glutamine, a potent secretagogue of GLP-1 in vivo, increases GLP-1 release, improves glucose tolerance, or reduces meal size in volunteers. Methods: A single-centre, randomised, double blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study was performed in Cambridge, UK, studying the effects of a single dose of encapsulated ileal-release glutamine (6 g) and placebo (microcrystalline cellulose) in healthy adult volunteers. Volunteers were recruited for each endpoint and received each regimen in random order (performed by electronic random number generation). The primary outcome was within-person GLP-1 in venous blood (concentrations and area under the curve). Secondary outcomes were glucose tolerance (measured with an oral glucose tolerance test given after 90 min) and meal size (ad-libitum meal given at 120 min). Inclusion of 8-10 participants for each endpoint would achieve 90% power with α at 0·05. Significance testing was done with the paired t test. Participants gave written informed consent and the study was approved by the local research ethics committee. This trial is registered with the ISRCTN register, number ISRCTN10757078. Findings: 11 men and 13 women were recruited (aged 22-58 years, body-mass index 18·5-31·8 kg/m(2)). Ten patients were assigned to assessment of GLP-1, eight to assessment of glucose tolerance, and ten for meal size. Some volunteers participated in more than one part of the study. Ingestion of 6 g glutamine was associated with increased GLP-1 concentrations after 90 min compared with placebo (mean 3·2 pmol/L [SD 0·86] vs 2·1 [0·65], p=0·004), increased insulin concentrations after 90 min (70·9 [37·9] vs 51·5 [23·1], p=0·048), and increased meal size at 120 min (542 g eaten [188] vs 481 [193], p=0·008). No safety concerns were identified after the ingestion of glutamine. Interpretation: This trial shows that a single oral dose of encapsulated glutamine can promote increased secretion of GLP-1 and is associated with increased insulin release. However, the effect size was small and unlikely to be clinically useful. Glutamine was associated with increased meal size, an undesirable effect, perhaps because the orexigenic effects of insulin release predominated over the anorexigenic effects of GLP-1 release after administration of glutamine. Funding: European Union's Seventh Framework Programme, Wellcome Trust Translational Medicine & Therapeutics Programme, National Institute for Health Research.
Language	English
Publishing date	2015-02-26
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	3306-6
ISSN	1474-547X ; 0023-7507 ; 0140-6736
ISSN (online)	1474-547X
ISSN	0023-7507 ; 0140-6736
DOI	10.1016/S0140-6736(15)60383-X
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Article ; Online: The effect of bariatric surgery on gastrointestinal and pancreatic peptide hormones.

Meek, Claire L / Lewis, Hannah B / Reimann, Frank / Gribble, Fiona M / Park, Adrian J

Peptides

2016 Volume 77, Page(s) 28–37

Abstract	Bariatric surgery for obesity has proved to be an extremely effective method of promoting long-term weight reduction with additional beneficial metabolic effects, such as improved glucose tolerance and remission of type 2 diabetes. A range of bariatric procedures are in common use, including gastric banding, sleeve gastrectomy and the Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. Although the mechanisms underlying the efficacy of bariatric surgery are unclear, gastrointestinal and pancreatic peptides are thought to play an important role. The aim of this review is to summarise the effects of different bariatric surgery procedures upon gastrointestinal and pancreatic peptides, including ghrelin, gastrin, cholecystokinin (CCK), glucose-dependent insulinotropic hormone (GIP), glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), peptide YY (PYY), oxyntomodulin, insulin, glucagon and somatostatin.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Appetite ; Bariatric Surgery ; Gastrointestinal Hormones/metabolism ; Gastrointestinal Hormones/secretion ; Gastrointestinal Tract/metabolism ; Gastrointestinal Tract/secretion ; Humans ; Obesity/metabolism ; Obesity/surgery ; Pancreas/metabolism ; Pancreas/secretion ; Pancreatic Hormones/metabolism ; Pancreatic Hormones/secretion
Chemical Substances	Gastrointestinal Hormones ; Pancreatic Hormones
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-03
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	769028-9
ISSN	1873-5169 ; 0196-9781
ISSN (online)	1873-5169
ISSN	0196-9781
DOI	10.1016/j.peptides.2015.08.013
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Article: Neuroendocrine control of food intake.

Park, Adrian J / Bloom, Stephen R

Current opinion in gastroenterology

2005 Volume 21, Issue 2, Page(s) 228–233

Abstract: Purpose of review: Obesity is a major public health problem and substantially increases the risk of type 2 diabetes, hypertension, stroke, cardiovascular, respiratory problems, gall bladder disease, osteoarthritis and sleep apnoea, as well as certain ... ...

Abstract	Purpose of review: Obesity is a major public health problem and substantially increases the risk of type 2 diabetes, hypertension, stroke, cardiovascular, respiratory problems, gall bladder disease, osteoarthritis and sleep apnoea, as well as certain cancers. The prevalence of obesity is rapidly increasing worldwide. However, for individuals weight is regulated within a narrow range. This regulation depends on energy intake (in the form of food) and energy expenditure. Recently, there has been a remarkable increase in our understanding of the homeostatic mechanisms that control food intake and energy homeostasis. Recent findings: There is increased understanding of the central regulation of appetite. In particular, this includes new knowledge about the hypothalamus and brainstem and their relation to food intake regulation. Peripheral hormones (notably adipostat factors and gut hormones) have now been found to be important in food intake regulation. Summary: Complex central circuitry controls food intake. Circulating hormones, in particular the gut hormones have unexpectedly been found to be very important in appetite control. The gut hormones are thus new and exciting targets for future obesity therapies.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Appetite/physiology ; Eating/physiology ; Humans ; Neurosecretory Systems/physiology ; Peptide Hormones/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Peptide Hormones
Language	English
Publishing date	2005-02-11
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	632571-3
ISSN	1531-7056 ; 0267-1379
ISSN (online)	1531-7056
ISSN	0267-1379
DOI	10.1097/01.mog.0000153358.05901.3f
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Article ; Online: Accelerated waning of the humoral response to COVID-19 vaccines in obesity.

van der Klaauw, Agatha A / Horner, Emily C / Pereyra-Gerber, Pehuén / Agrawal, Utkarsh / Foster, William S / Spencer, Sarah / Vergese, Bensi / Smith, Miriam / Henning, Elana / Ramsay, Isobel D / Smith, Jack A / Guillaume, Stephane M / Sharpe, Hayley J / Hay, Iain M / Thompson, Sam / Innocentin, Silvia / Booth, Lucy H / Robertson, Chris / McCowan, Colin /

Kerr, Steven / Mulroney, Thomas E / O'Reilly, Martin J / Gurugama, Thevinya P / Gurugama, Lihinya P / Rust, Maria A / Ferreira, Alex / Ebrahimi, Soraya / Ceron-Gutierrez, Lourdes / Scotucci, Jacopo / Kronsteiner, Barbara / Dunachie, Susanna J / Klenerman, Paul / Park, Adrian J / Rubino, Francesco / Lamikanra, Abigail A / Stark, Hannah / Kingston, Nathalie / Estcourt, Lise / Harvala, Heli / Roberts, David J / Doffinger, Rainer / Linterman, Michelle A / Matheson, Nicholas J / Sheikh, Aziz / Farooqi, I Sadaf / Thaventhiran, James E D

Nature medicine

2023 Volume 29, Issue 5, Page(s) 1146–1154

Abstract: Obesity is associated with an increased risk of severe Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection and mortality. COVID-19 vaccines reduce the risk of serious COVID-19 outcomes; however, their effectiveness in people with obesity is incompletely ... ...

Abstract	Obesity is associated with an increased risk of severe Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection and mortality. COVID-19 vaccines reduce the risk of serious COVID-19 outcomes; however, their effectiveness in people with obesity is incompletely understood. We studied the relationship among body mass index (BMI), hospitalization and mortality due to COVID-19 among 3.6 million people in Scotland using the Early Pandemic Evaluation and Enhanced Surveillance of COVID-19 (EAVE II) surveillance platform. We found that vaccinated individuals with severe obesity (BMI > 40 kg/m
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; COVID-19 Vaccines ; Obesity, Morbid ; Longitudinal Studies ; Prospective Studies ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Obesity/epidemiology ; Antibodies, Neutralizing ; Antibodies, Viral ; Vaccination
Chemical Substances	COVID-19 Vaccines ; Antibodies, Neutralizing ; Antibodies, Viral
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-11
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	1220066-9
ISSN	1546-170X ; 1078-8956
ISSN (online)	1546-170X
ISSN	1078-8956
DOI	10.1038/s41591-023-02343-2
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Article ; Online: Accelerated waning of the humoral response to SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in obesity

van der Klaauw, Agatha A. / Horner, Emily C. / Pereyra-Gerber, Pehuen / Agrawal, Utkarsh / Foster, William S. / Spencer, Sarah / Vergese, Bensi / Smith, Miriam E. / Henning, Elana / Ramsay, Isobel D. / Smith, Jack A. / Guillaume, Stephane M. / Sharpe, Hayley J. / Hay, Iain M. / Thompson, Sam / Innocentin, Silvia / Booth, Lucy H / Robertson, Chris / McCowan, Colin /

medRxiv

Abstract: Obesity is associated with an increased risk of severe Covid-19. However, the effectiveness of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in people with obesity is unknown. Here we studied the relationship between body mass index (BMI), hospitalization and mortality due to ... ...

Abstract	Obesity is associated with an increased risk of severe Covid-19. However, the effectiveness of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in people with obesity is unknown. Here we studied the relationship between body mass index (BMI), hospitalization and mortality due to Covid-19 amongst 3.5 million people in Scotland. Vaccinated people with severe obesity (BMI>40 kg/m2) were significantly more likely to experience hospitalization or death from Covid-19. Excess risk increased with time since vaccination. To investigate the underlying mechanisms, we conducted a prospective longitudinal study of the immune response in a clinical cohort of vaccinated people with severe obesity. Compared with normal weight controls, six months after their second vaccine dose, significantly more people with severe obesity had unquantifiable titres of neutralizing antibody against authentic SARS-CoV-2 virus, reduced frequencies of antigen-experienced SARS-CoV-2 Spike-binding B cells, and a dissociation between anti-Spike antibody levels and neutralizing capacity. Neutralizing capacity was restored by a third dose of vaccine, but again declined more rapidly in people with severe obesity. We demonstrate that waning of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine-induced humoral immunity is accelerated in people with severe obesity and associated with increased hospitalization and mortality from breakthrough infections. Given the prevalence of obesity, our findings have significant implications for global public health.
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-14
Publisher	Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press
Document type	Article ; Online
DOI	10.1101/2022.06.09.22276196
Database	COVID19

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Article: Repeated ICV administration of oxyntomodulin causes a greater reduction in body weight gain than in pair-fed rats.

Dakin, Catherine L / Small, Caroline J / Park, Adrian J / Seth, Asha / Ghatei, Mohammad A / Bloom, Stephen R

American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism

2002 Volume 283, Issue 6, Page(s) E1173–7

Abstract: Oxyntomodulin (OXM) is a product of proglucagon processing in the intestine and the central nervous system. We reported that intracerebroventricular (ICV) and intranuclear administration of OXM caused an inhibition of food intake in rats (Dakin CL, Gunn ... ...

Abstract	Oxyntomodulin (OXM) is a product of proglucagon processing in the intestine and the central nervous system. We reported that intracerebroventricular (ICV) and intranuclear administration of OXM caused an inhibition of food intake in rats (Dakin CL, Gunn I, Small CJ, Edwards CM, Hay DL, Smith DM, Ghatei MA, and Bloom SR. Endocrinology 142: 4244-4250, 2001). In this study, we investigated the effect of twice-daily ICV administration of OXM, 1 nmol, for 7 days. A pair-fed control was included. These animals were restricted to the food intake of the OXM group but injected twice daily with saline. OXM-treated animals gained significantly less weight than either control group (day 8: OXM, 12.2 +/- 1.9 g vs. pair fed, 21.0 +/- 2.1 g; P < 0.005). OXM treatment caused a reduction in epididymal white adipose tissue (OXM, 1.13 +/- 0.03 g vs. pair fed, 1.29 +/- 0.04 g; P < 0.05) and interscapular brown adipose tissue (OXM, 0.15 +/- 0.01 g vs. pair fed, 0.18 +/- 0.01 g; P < 0.05) and increased core temperature compared with saline control, suggestive of enhanced energy expenditure. The food restriction-induced suppression in plasma TSH, seen in the pair-fed group, was prevented by OXM, potentially via increased release of hypothalamic TRH. In summary, ICV OXM causes reduced body weight gain and body adiposity following chronic administration.
MeSH term(s)	Adipose Tissue/drug effects ; Adipose Tissue/metabolism ; Adipose Tissue, Brown/drug effects ; Adipose Tissue, Brown/metabolism ; Animals ; Body Temperature/drug effects ; Body Temperature/physiology ; Cells, Cultured ; Drug Administration Schedule ; Eating/drug effects ; Eating/physiology ; Glucagon-Like Peptides/administration & dosage ; Hypothalamus/cytology ; Hypothalamus/drug effects ; Hypothalamus/metabolism ; Injections, Intraventricular ; Male ; Matched-Pair Analysis ; Oxyntomodulin ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Thyrotropin/biosynthesis ; Thyrotropin/blood ; Weight Gain/drug effects
Chemical Substances	Oxyntomodulin ; Glucagon-Like Peptides (62340-29-8) ; Thyrotropin (9002-71-5)
Language	English
Publishing date	2002-12
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	603841-4
ISSN	1522-1555 ; 0193-1849
ISSN (online)	1522-1555
ISSN	0193-1849
DOI	10.1152/ajpendo.00233.2002
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Article: Low-dose pancreatic polypeptide inhibits food intake in man.

Jesudason, David R / Monteiro, Mariana P / McGowan, Barbara M C / Neary, Nicola M / Park, Adrian J / Philippou, Elena / Small, Caroline J / Frost, Gary S / Ghatei, Mohammad A / Bloom, Stephen R

The British journal of nutrition

2007 Volume 97, Issue 3, Page(s) 426–429

Abstract: Pancreatic polypeptide (PP) is a gut hormone released from the pancreas in response to food ingestion and remains elevated for up to 6 h postprandially. Plasma levels are elevated in patients with pancreatic tumours. An intravenous infusion of PP has ... ...

Abstract	Pancreatic polypeptide (PP) is a gut hormone released from the pancreas in response to food ingestion and remains elevated for up to 6 h postprandially. Plasma levels are elevated in patients with pancreatic tumours. An intravenous infusion of PP has been reported to reduce food intake in man, suggesting that PP is a satiety hormone. We investigated whether a lower infusion rate of PP would induce significant alterations in energy intake. The study was randomised and double-blinded. Fourteen lean fasted volunteers (five men and nine women) received 90 min infusions of PP (5 pmol/kg per min) and saline on two separate days. The dose chosen was half that used in a previous human study which reported a decrease in appetite but at supra-physiological levels of PP. One hour after the end of the infusion, a buffet lunch was served and energy intake measured. PP infusion was associated with a significant 11 % reduction in energy intake compared with saline (2440 (se 200) v. 2730 (se 180) kJ; P<0 x 05). Preprandial hunger as assessed by a visual analogue score was decreased in the PP-treated group compared to saline. These effects were achieved with plasma levels of PP within the pathophysiological range of pancreatic tumours.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Appetite/drug effects ; Appetite Depressants/pharmacology ; Double-Blind Method ; Drug Administration Schedule ; Eating/drug effects ; Energy Intake/drug effects ; Female ; Humans ; Infusions, Intravenous ; Male ; Pancreatic Polypeptide/blood ; Pancreatic Polypeptide/pharmacology ; Satiation/drug effects
Chemical Substances	Appetite Depressants ; Pancreatic Polypeptide (59763-91-6)
Language	English
Publishing date	2007-02-20
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	280396-3
ISSN	1475-2662 ; 0007-1145
ISSN (online)	1475-2662
ISSN	0007-1145
DOI	10.1017/S0007114507336799
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Article: Peptide YY3-36 and glucagon-like peptide-17-36 inhibit food intake additively.

Neary, Nicola M / Small, Caroline J / Druce, Maralyn R / Park, Adrian J / Ellis, Sandra M / Semjonous, Nina M / Dakin, Catherine L / Filipsson, Karin / Wang, Fang / Kent, Aysha S / Frost, Gary S / Ghatei, Mohammad A / Bloom, Stephen R

Endocrinology

2005 Volume 146, Issue 12, Page(s) 5120–5127

Abstract: Peptide YY (PYY) and glucagon like peptide (GLP)-1 are cosecreted from intestinal L cells, and plasma levels of both hormones rise after a meal. Peripheral administration of PYY(3-36) and GLP-1(7-36) inhibit food intake when administered alone. However, ... ...

Abstract	Peptide YY (PYY) and glucagon like peptide (GLP)-1 are cosecreted from intestinal L cells, and plasma levels of both hormones rise after a meal. Peripheral administration of PYY(3-36) and GLP-1(7-36) inhibit food intake when administered alone. However, their combined effects on appetite are unknown. We studied the effects of peripheral coadministration of PYY(3-36) with GLP-1(7-36) in rodents and man. Whereas high-dose PYY(3-36) (100 nmol/kg) and high-dose GLP-1(7-36) (100 nmol/kg) inhibited feeding individually, their combination led to significantly greater feeding inhibition. Additive inhibition of feeding was also observed in the genetic obese models, ob/ob and db/db mice. At low doses of PYY(3-36) (1 nmol/kg) and GLP-1(7-36) (10 nmol/kg), which alone had no effect on food intake, coadministration led to significant reduction in food intake. To investigate potential mechanisms, c-fos immunoreactivity was quantified in the hypothalamus and brain stem. In the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus, no changes were observed after low-dose PYY(3-36) or GLP-1(7-36) individually, but there were significantly more fos-positive neurons after coadministration. In contrast, there was no evidence of additive fos-stimulation in the brain stem. Finally, we coadministered PYY(3-36) and GLP-1(7-36) in man. Ten lean fasted volunteers received 120-min infusions of saline, GLP-1(7-36) (0.4 pmol/kg.min), PYY(3-36) (0.4 pmol/kg.min), and PYY(3-36) (0.4 pmol/kg.min) + GLP-1(7-36) (0.4 pmol/kg.min) on four separate days. Energy intake from a buffet meal after combined PYY(3-36) + GLP-1(7-36) treatment was reduced by 27% and was significantly lower than that after either treatment alone. Thus, PYY(3-36) and GLP-1(7-36), cosecreted after a meal, may inhibit food intake additively.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Behavior, Animal/drug effects ; Diabetes Mellitus/genetics ; Diabetes Mellitus/physiopathology ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Double-Blind Method ; Drug Combinations ; Drug Synergism ; Eating/drug effects ; Energy Intake/drug effects ; Feeding Behavior/drug effects ; Female ; Glucagon/administration & dosage ; Glucagon/pharmacology ; Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 ; Glucagon-Like Peptides/administration & dosage ; Glucagon-Like Peptides/pharmacology ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Injections, Intraperitoneal ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Motor Activity/drug effects ; Obesity/genetics ; Obesity/physiopathology ; Peptide Fragments/administration & dosage ; Peptide Fragments/pharmacology ; Peptide YY/administration & dosage ; Peptide YY/pharmacology ; Rats
Chemical Substances	Drug Combinations ; Peptide Fragments ; Peptide YY (106388-42-5) ; glucagon-like peptide 1 (7-36) (107444-51-9) ; peptide YY (3-36) (123583-37-9) ; Glucagon-Like Peptides (62340-29-8) ; Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 (89750-14-1) ; Glucagon (9007-92-5)
Language	English
Publishing date	2005-12
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	427856-2
ISSN	1945-7170 ; 0013-7227
ISSN (online)	1945-7170
ISSN	0013-7227
DOI	10.1210/en.2005-0237
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Article: Subcutaneous oxyntomodulin reduces body weight in overweight and obese subjects: a double-blind, randomized, controlled trial.

Wynne, Katie / Park, Adrian J / Small, Caroline J / Patterson, Michael / Ellis, Sandra M / Murphy, Kevin G / Wren, Alison M / Frost, Gary S / Meeran, Karim / Ghatei, Mohammad A / Bloom, Stephen R

Diabetes

2005 Volume 54, Issue 8, Page(s) 2390–2395

Abstract: This study investigated the effect of subcutaneously administered oxyntomodulin on body weight in healthy overweight and obese volunteers. Participants self-administered saline or oxyntomodulin subcutaneously in a randomized, double-blind, parallel-group ...

Abstract	This study investigated the effect of subcutaneously administered oxyntomodulin on body weight in healthy overweight and obese volunteers. Participants self-administered saline or oxyntomodulin subcutaneously in a randomized, double-blind, parallel-group protocol. Injections were self-administered for 4 weeks, three times daily, 30 min before each meal. The volunteers were asked to maintain their regular diet and level of physical exercise during the study period. Subjects' body weight, energy intake, and levels of adipose hormones were assessed at the start and end of the study. Body weight was reduced by 2.3 +/- 0.4 kg in the treatment group over the study period compared with 0.5 +/- 0.5 kg in the control group (P = 0.0106). On average, the treatment group had an additional 0.45-kg weight loss per week. The treatment group demonstrated a reduction in leptin and an increase in adiponectin. Energy intake by the treatment group was significantly reduced by 170 +/- 37 kcal (25 +/- 5%) at the initial study meal (P = 0.0007) and by 250 +/- 63 kcal (35 +/- 9%) at the final study meal (P = 0.0023), with no change in subjective food palatability. Oxyntomodulin treatment resulted in weight loss and a change in the levels of adipose hormones consistent with a loss of adipose tissue. The anorectic effect was maintained over the 4-week period. Oxyntomodulin represents a potential therapy for obesity.
MeSH term(s)	Adiponectin ; Adipose Tissue ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Blood Glucose/analysis ; Body Composition ; Diet ; Double-Blind Method ; Eating/drug effects ; Energy Intake ; Exercise ; Female ; Glucagon-Like Peptides/administration & dosage ; Glucagon-Like Peptides/adverse effects ; Glucagon-Like Peptides/blood ; Humans ; Injections, Subcutaneous ; Insulin/blood ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/blood ; Kinetics ; Leptin/blood ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Obesity/drug therapy ; Oxyntomodulin ; Self Administration ; Weight Loss
Chemical Substances	Adiponectin ; Blood Glucose ; Insulin ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; Leptin ; Oxyntomodulin ; Glucagon-Like Peptides (62340-29-8)
Language	English
Publishing date	2005-07-19
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Clinical Trial ; Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	80085-5
ISSN	1939-327X ; 0012-1797
ISSN (online)	1939-327X
ISSN	0012-1797
DOI	10.2337/diabetes.54.8.2390
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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