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Article: Optimization of microwave pretreatment conditions to maximize methane production and methane yield in mesophilic anaerobic sludge digestion.

Park, W J / Ahn, J H

Environmental technology

2011 Volume 32, Issue 13-14, Page(s) 1533–1540

Abstract: The objective of this study was to find optimum microwave pretreatment conditions for methane production and methane yield in anaerobic sludge digestion. The sludge was pretreated using a laboratory-scale industrial microwave unit (2450 MHz frequency). ... ...

Abstract	The objective of this study was to find optimum microwave pretreatment conditions for methane production and methane yield in anaerobic sludge digestion. The sludge was pretreated using a laboratory-scale industrial microwave unit (2450 MHz frequency). Microwave temperature increase rate (TIR) (2.9-17.1 degrees C/min) and final temperature (FT) (52-108 degrees C) significantly affected solubilization, methane production, and methane yield. Solubilization degree (soluble chemical oxygen demand (COD)/total COD) in the pretreated sludge (3.3-14.7%) was clearly higher than that in the raw sludge (2.6%). Within the design boundaries, the optimum conditions for maximum methane production (2.02 L/L) were TIR = 9.1 degrees C/min and FT = 90 degrees C, and the optimum conditions for maximum methane yield (809 mL/g VS(removed)) were TIR 7.1 degrees C/min and FT = 92 degrees C.
MeSH term(s)	Bacteria, Anaerobic/metabolism ; Biodegradation, Environmental ; Methane/isolation & purification ; Methane/metabolism ; Microwaves ; Sewage/chemistry ; Sewage/microbiology ; Water Purification/methods
Chemical Substances	Sewage ; Methane (OP0UW79H66)
Language	English
Publishing date	2011-10
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	0959-3330
ISSN	0959-3330
DOI	10.1080/09593330.2010.543929
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Article: Effect of epibrassinolide on hypocotyl growth of the tomato mutant diageotropica.

Park, W J

Planta

1998 Volume 207, Issue 1, Page(s) 120–124

Abstract: The effect of epibrassinolide (epiBR) on the growth and gravitropism of hypocotyls was investigated in diageotropica (dgt), a mutant of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.). The elongation of (dgt) hypocotyls, which had been reported to be auxin- ... ...

Abstract	The effect of epibrassinolide (epiBR) on the growth and gravitropism of hypocotyls was investigated in diageotropica (dgt), a mutant of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.). The elongation of (dgt) hypocotyls, which had been reported to be auxin-insensitive, was promoted by increasing concentrations of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) in the presence of epiBR. alpha-(p-Chlorophenoxy)isobutyric acid, an inhibitor of auxin action, blocked the enhancement of growth by IAA and epiBR. Time course analysis of IAA-induced dgt hypocotyl elongation in the presence of epiBR revealed typical auxin response kinetics. These results suggest that epiBR restores the auxin responsiveness of dgt hypocotyls with respect to elongation. However, epiBR did not rescue the dgt phenotype with respect to shoot gravitropism. It was therefore concluded that brassino-steroid insensitivity or deficiency is not the primary defect of the dgt mutation.
MeSH term(s)	Brassinosteroids ; Cholestanols/pharmacology ; Clofibric Acid/pharmacology ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Gravitropism/drug effects ; Gravitropism/genetics ; Hypocotyl/drug effects ; Hypocotyl/growth & development ; Indoleacetic Acids/pharmacology ; Lycopersicon esculentum/drug effects ; Lycopersicon esculentum/genetics ; Lycopersicon esculentum/growth & development ; Mutation ; Plant Growth Regulators/pharmacology ; Steroids, Heterocyclic/pharmacology
Chemical Substances	Brassinosteroids ; Cholestanols ; Indoleacetic Acids ; Plant Growth Regulators ; Steroids, Heterocyclic ; Clofibric Acid (53PF01Q249) ; indoleacetic acid (6U1S09C61L) ; brassinolide (Y9IQ1L53OX)
Language	English
Publishing date	1998-12
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	208909-9
ISSN	1432-2048 ; 0032-0935 ; 1866-2749
ISSN (online)	1432-2048
ISSN	0032-0935 ; 1866-2749
DOI	10.1007/s004250050463
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Article: Effect of epibrassinolide on hypocotyl growth of the tomato mutant diageotropica

Park, W.J

Planta. Dec 1, 1998. v. 207 (1)

1998

Abstract	The effect of epibrassinolide (epiBR) on the growth and gravitropism of hypocotyls was investigated in diageotropica (dgt), a mutant of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.). The elongation of (dgt) hypocotyls, which had been reported to be auxin-insensitive, was promoted by increasing concentrations of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) in the presence of epiBR, alpha-(p-Chlorophenoxy)isobutyric acid, an inhibitor of auxin action, blocked the enhancement of growth by IAA and epiBR. Time course analysis of IAA-induced dgt hypocotyl elongation in the presence of epiBR revealed typical auxin response kinetics. These results suggest that epiBR restores the auxin responsiveness of dgt hypocotyls with respect to elongation. However, epiBR did not rescue the dgt phenotype with respect to shoot gravitropism. It was therefore concluded that brassinosteroid insensitivity or deficiency is not the primary defect of the dgt mutation.
Keywords	Solanum lycopersicum var. lycopersicum ; mutants ; hypocotyls ; brassinolide ; gravitropism ; gravity ; isobutyric acid ; shoots ; phenotype ; mutation ; indole acetic acid
Language	English
Dates of publication	1998-1201
Size	p. 120-124.
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	208909-9
ISSN	1432-2048 ; 0032-0935
ISSN (online)	1432-2048
ISSN	0032-0935
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Melatonin as an Endogenous Plant Regulatory Signal: Debates and Perspectives

Park, W.J., Dankook University, Yongin, Republic of Korea

Journal of Plant Biology

(Jun 2011) Volume v. 54, Issue (3), Page(s) p. 143–149

Abstract: Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) exists in plants, although it is commonly known as a neurohormone in animals. Indeed, the melatonin level is very high in some medicinal plants and changes developmental stage specifically, indicating that it ... ...

Abstract	Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) exists in plants, although it is commonly known as a neurohormone in animals. Indeed, the melatonin level is very high in some medicinal plants and changes developmental stage specifically, indicating that it plays specific physiological roles. Plant melatonin may play unique roles in plants as well as similar functions in animals. Furthermore, exogenously applied melatonin affects developmental processes during both vegetative and reproductive growth. In this study, current knowledge regarding plant melatonin is reviewed and its implications and problems are discussed.
Keywords	OXIDATIVE STRESS ; IAA ; STRESS OXYDATIF ; AIA ; ESTRES OXIDATIVO ; AIA
Language	English
Document type	Article
ISSN	1226-9239
Database	AGRIS - International Information System for the Agricultural Sciences and Technology

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Article: Release of the benzoxazinoids defense molecules during lateral- and crown root emergence in Zea mays

Park, W.J / Hochholdinger, F / Gierl, A

Journal of plant physiology. 2004 Aug., v. 161, no. 8

2004

Abstract: We observed the release of the benzoxazinoids defense molecules on the surface of the primary root and the coleoptilar node in Zea mays during the emergence of lateral- and crown-roots, respectively. At later stages of crown root and lateral root ... ...

Abstract	We observed the release of the benzoxazinoids defense molecules on the surface of the primary root and the coleoptilar node in Zea mays during the emergence of lateral- and crown-roots, respectively. At later stages of crown root and lateral root development, benzoxazinoids around the emerged roots were no longer observed. Specific mutants revealed that the developmental status of the emerged roots was not important for the release of benzoxazinoids, but the breakage of the epidermis by emerging roots was. This is the first report of benzoxazinoid-release during normal development controlled by endogenous developmental programs. Release of benzoxazinoids around the emerging roots supports the idea that defense molecules accumulate at the site of root emergence in order to reduce pathogenic infections. We discuss possible explanations for the evolution of two different developmental mechanisms of root emergence.
Keywords	Zea mays ; corn ; grain crops ; heterocyclic compounds ; phytochemicals ; resistance mechanisms ; plant development
Language	English
Dates of publication	2004-08
Size	p. 981-985.
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	283647-6
ISSN	1618-1328 ; 0176-1617
ISSN (online)	1618-1328
ISSN	0176-1617
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Auxin biosynthesis in maize.

Kriechbaumer, V / Park, W J / Gierl, A / Glawischnig, E

Plant biology (Stuttgart, Germany)

2006 Volume 8, Issue 3, Page(s) 334–339

Abstract: For the biosynthesis of the phytohormone indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), a number of tryptophan-dependent and -independent pathways have been discussed. Maize is an appropriate model system to analyze IAA biosynthesis particularly because high quantities of ... ...

Abstract	For the biosynthesis of the phytohormone indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), a number of tryptophan-dependent and -independent pathways have been discussed. Maize is an appropriate model system to analyze IAA biosynthesis particularly because high quantities of IAA conjugates are stored in the endosperm. This allowed precursor feeding experiments in a kernel culture system followed by retrobiosynthetic NMR analysis, which strongly suggested that tryptophan-dependent IAA synthesis is the predominant route for auxin biosynthesis in the maize kernel. Two nitrilases ZmNIT1 and ZmNIT2 are expressed in seeds. ZmNIT2 efficiently hydrolyzes indole-3-acetonitrile (IAN) to IAA and thus could be involved in auxin biosynthesis. Redundant pathways, e.g., via indole-3-acetaldehyde could imply that multiple mutants will be necessary to obtain IAA-deficient plants and to conclusively identify relevant genes for IAA biosynthesis.
MeSH term(s)	Acetonitriles/metabolism ; Aminohydrolases/physiology ; Indoleacetic Acids/metabolism ; Plant Growth Regulators/metabolism ; Tryptophan/metabolism ; Tryptophan/physiology ; Zea mays/enzymology ; Zea mays/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Acetonitriles ; Indoleacetic Acids ; Plant Growth Regulators ; indoleacetic acid (6U1S09C61L) ; Tryptophan (8DUH1N11BX) ; Aminohydrolases (EC 3.5.4.-) ; nitrilase (EC 3.5.5.1)
Language	English
Publishing date	2006-05
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	1464075-2
ISSN	1438-8677 ; 1435-8603
ISSN (online)	1438-8677
ISSN	1435-8603
DOI	10.1055/s-2006-923883
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Article: Microwave absorption of gamma'-Fe2.6 Ni1.4N nanoparticles derived from nitriding counterpart precursor.

Huang, H / Wang, F / Lv, B / Xue, F H / Guo, D Y / Park, W J / Lee, W J / Dong, X L

Journal of nanoscience and nanotechnology

2012 Volume 12, Issue 4, Page(s) 3040–3047

Abstract: Gamma-Fe2.6Ni1.4 nanoparticles were prepared by the arc-discharge method as the precursor and its nitride counterpart of gamma'-Fe2.6Ni14N nanoparticles was synthesized directly through a thermal ammonolysis reaction at the temperature of 673 K for two ... ...

Abstract	Gamma-Fe2.6Ni1.4 nanoparticles were prepared by the arc-discharge method as the precursor and its nitride counterpart of gamma'-Fe2.6Ni14N nanoparticles was synthesized directly through a thermal ammonolysis reaction at the temperature of 673 K for two hours. The resultant product was identified as a homogeneous ternary nitride with nearly spherical shape and average size of about 60.0 nm. The electromagnetic characteristics of gamma'-Fe2.6Ni1.4N derivant and gamma-Fe2.6Ni1.4 precursor have been studied in the frequency range of 2-18 GHz. Compared with the precursor, gamma'-Fe2.6Ni1.4N nanoparticles exhibits an enhanced electromagnetic absorption property resulted from the increased dielectric loss by nitriding process. The optimal reflection loss (RL) of gamma'-Fe2.6Ni1.4N nanoparticles/paraffin composite can reach -39.9 dB at 5.2 GHz in a thickness of 2.29 mm, and the frequency band corresponding RL < -10 dB is over 2.6-18 GHz in the thickness range of 0.78-4.20 mm.
Language	English
Publishing date	2012-05-29
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1533-4880
ISSN	1533-4880
DOI	10.1166/jnn.2012.5842
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Article: Thin-layer chromatography assay for the incorporation of digoxygenin into nucleic acids.

Park, W J / Adler, P N

BioTechniques

1994 Volume 17, Issue 4, Page(s) 656–657

MeSH term(s)	Chromatography, Thin Layer ; DNA/metabolism ; Digoxigenin/metabolism
Chemical Substances	DNA (9007-49-2) ; Digoxigenin (NQ1SX9LNAU)
Language	English
Publishing date	1994-10
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
ZDB-ID	48453-2
ISSN	1940-9818 ; 0736-6205
ISSN (online)	1940-9818
ISSN	0736-6205
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Article: Cooperative action of SLR1 and SLR2 is required for lateral root-specific cell elongation in maize.

Hochholdinger, F / Park, W J / Feix, G H

Plant physiology

2001 Volume 125, Issue 3, Page(s) 1529–1539

Abstract: Lateral roots play an important role in water and nutrient uptake largely by increasing the root surface area. In an effort to characterize lateral root development in maize (Zea mays), we have isolated from Mutator (Mu) transposon stocks and ... ...

Abstract	Lateral roots play an important role in water and nutrient uptake largely by increasing the root surface area. In an effort to characterize lateral root development in maize (Zea mays), we have isolated from Mutator (Mu) transposon stocks and characterized two nonallelic monogenic recessive mutants: slr1 and slr2 (short lateral roots1 and 2), which display short lateral roots as a result of impaired root cell elongation. The defects in both mutants act specifically during early postembryonic root development, affecting only the lateral roots emerging from the embryonic primary and seminal roots but not from the postembryonic nodal roots. These mutations have no major influence on the aboveground performance of the affected plants. The double mutant slr1; slr2 displays a strikingly different phenotype than the single mutants. The defect in slr1; slr2 does not only influence lateral root specific cell elongation, but also leads to disarranged cellular patterns in the primary and seminal roots. However, the phase-specific nature of the single mutants is retained in the double mutant, indicating that the two loci cooperate in the wild type to maintain the lateral root specificity during a short time of early root development.
MeSH term(s)	Genes, Plant ; Mutation ; Phenotype ; Plant Proteins/genetics ; Plant Roots/cytology ; Plant Roots/growth & development ; Zea mays/cytology ; Zea mays/genetics ; Zea mays/growth & development
Chemical Substances	Plant Proteins ; SLR1 protein, Brassica (127548-26-9)
Language	English
Publishing date	2001-03
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	208914-2
ISSN	1532-2548 ; 0032-0889
ISSN (online)	1532-2548
ISSN	0032-0889
DOI	10.1104/pp.125.3.1529
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Article: An improved strategy for a genetic assay for site-specific proteolysis.

Kang, H / Kim, S Y / Park, W J

Molecules and cells

2001 Volume 11, Issue 2, Page(s) 263–266

Abstract: We have previously reported a genetic assay that is suitable for the study of substrate specificity of a protease in vivo, and herein present a simplified version of the method. In this procedure, expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae by using the ... ...

Abstract	We have previously reported a genetic assay that is suitable for the study of substrate specificity of a protease in vivo, and herein present a simplified version of the method. In this procedure, expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae by using the constitutive alcohol dehydrogenase promoter is a fusion protein in which a transcription factor is linked to the intracellular domain of an integral membrane protein by a protease substrate sequence. Following this, a protease is expressed by using the inducible GAL promoter in the same yeast cells. The cleavage of the substrate sequence by the specific protease results in the release of the transcription factor and subsequent activation of reporter genes in nucleus. Since the expression of a protease is strictly under the control of the inducible GAL promoter, false substrate sequences that are cleaved by endogenous yeast proteases can be easily recognized and eliminated from further characterization. This suggests that the modified strategy provides an efficient tool for the analysis of substrate sequences of a protease in vivo.
MeSH term(s)	Endopeptidases/genetics ; Endopeptidases/metabolism ; Genes, Reporter ; Genetic Vectors ; Promoter Regions, Genetic/genetics ; Proteins/metabolism ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/genetics ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/genetics ; Substrate Specificity
Chemical Substances	Proteins ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins ; Endopeptidases (EC 3.4.-)
Language	English
Publishing date	2001-05-15
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1148964-9
ISSN	0219-1032 ; 1016-8478
ISSN (online)	0219-1032
ISSN	1016-8478
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