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Article ; Online: Ultrastructural and molecular approach as a tool for taxonomic identification of aquatic macroinvertebrates

Aseem Grover / Parul Sharma / Radhika Sharma / Reshma Sinha

Heliyon, Vol 8, Iss 12, Pp e12236- (2022)

A review

2022

Abstract: Aquatic insects require water at one or other phase for the completion of their life cycle. The insect larvae serve as food for larger invertebrates and vertebrates in aquatic food chain. Their diversity, number, and abundance act as water quality ... ...

Abstract	Aquatic insects require water at one or other phase for the completion of their life cycle. The insect larvae serve as food for larger invertebrates and vertebrates in aquatic food chain. Their diversity, number, and abundance act as water quality indicators, and thus species are classified accordingly as pollution tolerant or sensitive. So, identifying these aquatic larvae and macroinvertebrates are important for determining the biodiversity, and classification of insect species, followed by assessment of water health, and understanding the influence of climate change and anthropogenetic activities on these. Chances of misidentification have been reported due to loss of expertise, absence of taxonomic keys for larvae or intermediate stages, or damaged structure during collection or preservation. Recent advances in molecular and electron microscopy have revolutionized the identification procedure. Scanning electron microscopy detail the structure and morphology of the insect, while molecular techniques employing PCRs, DNA barcoding, and molecular markers allow the identification of the insects from any tissue (whole/part), and comparing the nucleotide sequences helps in the evaluating the family tree and lineage. The review summarizes the present status of aquatic invertebrates identification and the importance of these two techniques in the taxonomic identification of aquatic insects.
Keywords	Aquatic insects ; Macroinvertebrates ; Molecular markers ; Electron microscopy ; DNA barcoding ; Science (General) ; Q1-390 ; Social sciences (General) ; H1-99
Subject code	590
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Elsevier
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: A Systematic Comparative Assessment of Certification Standards in India and Suggested Evaluation Frameworks

Madhu Verma / Parul Sharma / Elphin Tom Joe

Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems, Vol

2022 Volume 6

Abstract: Sustainable agriculture has the potential of addressing major social and environmental challenges affecting agriculture in India. One of the ways to promote sustainable agriculture is through certification. This refers to the broad family of voluntary ... ...

Abstract	Sustainable agriculture has the potential of addressing major social and environmental challenges affecting agriculture in India. One of the ways to promote sustainable agriculture is through certification. This refers to the broad family of voluntary standards set by third-party against which producers are independently audited and certified. An appropriate sustainability framework can guide more effective food procurement by accounting for context in the form of demand architecture and production systems. The study therefore presents a review of five different sustainability certifications prevalent in India with focus on spice certification. These have been analyzed against value drivers, impact pathways to different capitals, sustainability issues, and the stakeholders involved. The results indicate that these certifications cover most common issues with no evident differences indicating the possibility for a need for differentiation to allow consumers choose based on their preferred concerns. An evaluation framework is prepared to make a case for evaluating these certification initiatives to outline the differential parameters.
Keywords	sustainability standards ; sustainable agriculture ; differentiated certification ; standards criteria ; spice certification ; Nutrition. Foods and food supply ; TX341-641 ; Food processing and manufacture ; TP368-456
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Comparison of acceptability & efficacy of thermal ablation (thermocoagulation) & cryotherapy in VIA positive cervical lesions

Manju Lata Verma / Parul Sharma / Uma Singh / Rekha Sachan / Pushp Lata Sankhwar

Indian Journal of Medical Research, Vol 158, Iss 4, Pp 423-

A pilot study

2023 Volume 431

Abstract: Background & objectives: The World Health Organization (WHO) has endorsed thermal ablation (thermocoagulation) as an efficient and safe modality for treatment of cervical pre-cancer lesions. More evidence is being looked up by WHO through rigorous ... ...

Abstract	Background & objectives: The World Health Organization (WHO) has endorsed thermal ablation (thermocoagulation) as an efficient and safe modality for treatment of cervical pre-cancer lesions. More evidence is being looked up by WHO through rigorous studies for health delivery models using screen-and-treat strategies incorporating thermal ablation and studies comparing it against the conventional standard modality cryotherapy. The objective of this study was to assess the acceptability of thermal ablation both among the providers and clients and compare the same with cryotherapy. Methods: A randomized control trial was conducted for one year from September 2019 to October 2020 after obtaining ethics approval. Computer-generated random number table was used for randomization, and eligible candidates were divided into two groups following informed consent. Women with visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) positive cervical lesions in Group A received cryotherapy and Group B received thermal ablation. After the procedure, the acceptability of the provider and the client were assessed using the International Agency for Research on Cancer-validated questionnaire for both the procedures. Immediate side effects and problems at six weeks and at six months were assessed as well. Efficacy was decided by the absence of VIA positivity at six months. Results: The overall VIA positivity in this study was 11.8 per cent. Thermal ablation (thermocoagulation) had better provision and client acceptability than cryotherapy (significant difference). The efficacy of thermal ablation was 97.6 per cent, while, it was 92 per cent for cryotherapy (not significant). Interpretation & conclusions: In the context of screen-and-treat programme in settings such as India, thermal ablation appears to be a better method of treatment than cryotherapy for cervical pre-cancerous lesions particularly in terms of better provision and client acceptability.
Keywords	pre-cancerous cervical lesions - thermal ablation – thermocoagulation - via test ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	616
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Facility Based Management of Child Malnutrition- Lesson Learnt from a North Gujarat Study

Nitin Solanki / Parul Sharma / Rakesh Ninama

Healthline, Vol 12, Iss 4, Pp 66-

2021 Volume 73

Abstract: Introduction: Malnutrition is a key health problem in India and Gujarat. Mission BalamSukham was launched to overcome malnutrition. Facility-based management of malnutrition is one of two components of this program. Objectives: 1. To evaluate Strengths, ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Malnutrition is a key health problem in India and Gujarat. Mission BalamSukham was launched to overcome malnutrition. Facility-based management of malnutrition is one of two components of this program. Objectives: 1. To evaluate Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Challenges (or Threats) of Child Malnutrition Treatment Centre (CMTC) and Nutrition Rehabilitation Centre (NRC). 2. To project into areas that needs improvement to overcome the centres’ weaknesses and challenges. Method: In-depth interviews were taken for health workers and beneficiaries of NRC and CMTC of Patan district till saturation of responses. Transcripts were made and themes were analysed based on the SWOC matrix. Results: Major issues identified by the study were absence of continuous financial support to operationalize CMTCs selected under Gatishil Gujarat program, Absence of Paediatrician, lack of awareness regarding child nutrition over night stay at centre and quality of training. Conclusion: Some internal weaknesses and strengths were acknowledged. Only facility-based management of SAM children did not make a difference in community. Training of ASHA and Anganwadi worker about nutritional counselling, screening and monitoring of SAM child is needed to strengthen the community-based management of SAM children.
Keywords	child malnutrition treatment centre ; facility based management ; malnutrition ; nutrition rehabilitation centre ; Medicine ; R ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
Subject code	360
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Indian Association of Preventive and Social Medicine
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Chronic Ingestion of Bisphenol A and Bisphenol S Attenuated Contractile Activity of Rat Stomach and Small Intestine In-vitro

Parul Sharma / Maloy B Mandal

Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research, Vol 13, Iss 7, Pp CF01-CF

2019 Volume 05

Abstract: Introduction: Bisphenol A (BPA) is a chemical used in synthesis of plastic. BPA seeps into food from the plastic containers used to store food items. Exposure to BPA is implicated as a causative factor for detrimental effects on fetal development and ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Bisphenol A (BPA) is a chemical used in synthesis of plastic. BPA seeps into food from the plastic containers used to store food items. Exposure to BPA is implicated as a causative factor for detrimental effects on fetal development and various body systems like endocrine, reproductive and immune. Few studies report that BPA ingestion impair small intestinal contractility in-vitro. Government organisations of many countries have probed into the matter and imposed regulations on marketing of BPA. To meet the terms with regulations on BPA, manufacturers are increasingly replacing BPA with Bisphenol S (BPS). BPS has been advertised as a safer substitute to BPA. The various ill effects on BPS are being explored but the effect on gut motility is less clear. Aim: To examine the effect of chronic ingestion of BPA and BPS on rat gut contractions in-vitro. Materials and Methods: Healthy male adult albino rats (175- 225 g) were fed BPA (50 mg/kg/day) or BPS (50 mg/kg/day) or vehicle (Dimethyl sulphoxide) for four weeks by oral gavage. The animals were gently restrained so that the head is immobilised by retaining the animal in an upright position. Gavage needle was passed along the side of the mouth and moved into the esophagus and towards the stomach. After four weeks, they were sacrificed and isometric contractions of gut muscle strips were recorded in an organ bath (maintained at 37±0.5°C) using force transducer, computerised polygraph (power lab 4ST) and chart-5 for Windows, ADI, Sydney, Australia. Results: Acetylcholine (Ach) (0.1-100 µM) evoked gut contractions in-vitro and the basal tone and maximum contractile tension increased in a concentration-dependent manner. However, in both the treated groups, the Ach induced contractions were significantly (p<0.05, two-way ANOVA) attenuated as compared to control (vehicle) group. When both the treated groups were mutually compared, the Ach response was found to be similar. The spontaneous intestinal contractions were significantly less (p<0.05, one-way ...
Keywords	acetylcholine ; gut contractility ; plastic toxin ; Medicine ; R
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-07-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	JCDR Research and Publications Private Limited
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Performance analysis of deep learning CNN models for disease detection in plants using image segmentation

Parul Sharma / Yash Paul Singh Berwal / Wiqas Ghai

Information Processing in Agriculture, Vol 7, Iss 4, Pp 566-

2020 Volume 574

Abstract: Food security for the 7 billion people on earth requires minimizing crop damage by timely detection of diseases. Most deep learning models for automated detection of diseases in plants suffer from the fatal flaw that once tested on independent data, ... ...

Abstract	Food security for the 7 billion people on earth requires minimizing crop damage by timely detection of diseases. Most deep learning models for automated detection of diseases in plants suffer from the fatal flaw that once tested on independent data, their performance drops significantly. This work investigates a potential solution to this problem by using segmented image data to train the convolutional neural network (CNN) models. As compared to the F-CNN model trained using full images, S-CNN model trained using segmented images more than doubles in performance to 98.6% accuracy when tested on independent data previously unseen by the models even with 10 disease classes. Not only this, by using tomato plant and target spot disease type as an example, we show that the confidence of self-classification for S-CNN model improves significantly over F-CNN model. This research work brings applicability of automated methods closer to non-experts for timely detection of diseases.
Keywords	Machine learning ; Plant disease detection ; Image segmentation ; Agriculture (General) ; S1-972 ; Information technology ; T58.5-58.64
Subject code	006
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	KeAi Communications Co., Ltd.
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Assessment of awareness regarding health hazards of plastic chemicals and their warning label among a sample population of Varanasi City

Parul Sharma / Priyanka Bhagat / M B Mandal / T B Singh

Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences, Vol 13, Iss 6, Pp 1428-

A cross-sectional study

2021 Volume 1433

Abstract: Background: Plastic containers are widely used to store and serve edibles. In the production of some types of plastic, chemicals such as bisphenol A (BPA) and bisphenol S (BPS) are used. These chemicals leach from the plastic containers into the edibles, ...

Abstract	Background: Plastic containers are widely used to store and serve edibles. In the production of some types of plastic, chemicals such as bisphenol A (BPA) and bisphenol S (BPS) are used. These chemicals leach from the plastic containers into the edibles, get access into the biological systems, and cause a toxic impact on health. Aim: This cross-sectional survey was planned to assess the usage of food contact plastic and awareness regarding the health hazards of plastic chemicals and warning labels on plastic items among a sample population of Varanasi city. Materials and Methods: Data were collected by interviewing the 556 adult participants, using a prevalidated structured questionnaire. Chi-square test was used to test the association and P < 0.05 was considered as significant. Results: Most of the participants were found to be following routine practices during cooking and storage of edibles which may expose them to BPA and BPS through the gut. Although many participants were aware that plastic may contain some type of chemicals which may enter the human body and harm human health in some way, they lacked precise knowledge regarding warning label like “BPA free plastic” “plastic containing BPA” and “food grade plastic.” Furthermore, none of the participants could recognize the “resin identification codes” correctly. Conclusion: Most of the participants had only elementary awareness of health risk of plastic usage. A significant number of participants lacked crucial information that can help them to make healthy choices as a consumer and use safe alternatives of plastic.
Keywords	bisphenol a free plastic ; plastic chemicals ; resin identification codes ; Pharmacy and materia medica ; RS1-441 ; Analytical chemistry ; QD71-142
Subject code	621
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Genome Editing Technology for Genetic Amelioration of Fruits and Vegetables for Alleviating Post-Harvest Loss

Chanchal Kumari / Megha Sharma / Vinay Kumar / Rajnish Sharma / Parul Sharma / Pankaj Kumar / Mohammad Irfan

Bioengineering, Vol 9, Iss 176, p

2022 Volume 176

Abstract: Food security and crop production are challenged worldwide due to overpopulation, changing environmental conditions, crop establishment failure, and various kinds of post-harvest losses. The demand for high-quality foods with improved nutritional quality ...

Abstract	Food security and crop production are challenged worldwide due to overpopulation, changing environmental conditions, crop establishment failure, and various kinds of post-harvest losses. The demand for high-quality foods with improved nutritional quality is also growing day by day. Therefore, production of high-quality produce and reducing post-harvest losses of produce, particularly of perishable fruits and vegetables, are vital. For many decades, attempts have been made to improve the post-harvest quality traits of horticultural crops. Recently, modern genetic tools such as genome editing emerged as a new approach to manage and overcome post-harvest effectively and efficiently. The different genome editing tools including ZFNs, TALENs, and CRISPR/Cas9 system effectively introduce mutations (In Dels) in many horticultural crops to address and resolve the issues associated with post-harvest storage quality. Henceforth, we provide a broad review of genome editing applications in horticulture crops to improve post-harvest stability traits such as shelf life, texture, and resistance to pathogens without compromising nutritional value. Moreover, major roadblocks, challenges, and their possible solutions for employing genome editing tools are also discussed.
Keywords	post-harvest loss ; genetic engineering ; genome editing ; CRISPR/Cas9 ; horticultural crops ; fruits ; Technology ; T ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
Subject code	670
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Role of jyotishamati taila abhyanga in the management of the shvitra W.S.R vitiligo

Priya Kutiyal / Sanjay Gupta / Parul Sharma / Lalita Sharma

Environment Conservation Journal, Vol 20, Iss SE (2019)

A clinical study

2019

Abstract: The word Shvitra means in Sanskrit is Shvitra, which is white patch, without Kandu and inflammation, it present on anywhere of body, In this disease white spots or white discoloration takes place on the skin so it is named as Shvitra. Vitiligo is a long- ... ...

Abstract	The word Shvitra means in Sanskrit is Shvitra, which is white patch, without Kandu and inflammation, it present on anywhere of body, In this disease white spots or white discoloration takes place on the skin so it is named as Shvitra. Vitiligo is a long-term condition where pale white patches develop on the skin. It's caused by the lack of melanin, a pigment in the skin. In modern Science PUVA therapy and corticosteroid are used for treatment of disease but they may cause very harmful effect like skin burn, nausea dermatoheliosis that is ultraviolet ageing of skin. There is need Safe easier less complicate cost effective Ayurvedic treatment. Abhyanga stimulates Bhrajjak pitta which is present in the skin and helps restoring color. Jyotishamati Taila has extra medicinal property so it treats disease more comfortably.
Keywords	Shvitra ; Vitiligo ; Jyotishamati Taila Abhyanga ; Environmental sciences ; GE1-350
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Action for Sustainable Efficacious Development and Awareness
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Is work-associated stress converted into psychological distress among the staff nurses

Anuradha Davey / Parul Sharma / Sanjeev Davey / Arvind Shukla

Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Vol 8, Iss 2, Pp 511-

A hospital-based study

2019 Volume 516

Abstract: Introduction: “Stress is the subjective feeling produced by events that are uncontrollable.” Constant stress brings about changes in the balance of hormones in the body which may lead to thoughts that make us feel frustrated, angry, nervous, anxious, etc. ...

Abstract	Introduction: “Stress is the subjective feeling produced by events that are uncontrollable.” Constant stress brings about changes in the balance of hormones in the body which may lead to thoughts that make us feel frustrated, angry, nervous, anxious, etc., The aims of the study are (1) to find out the level of stress among staff nurses; (2) the association between sociodemographic determinants and working environment and stress; and (3) impact on their mental well-being in terms of somatic symptoms, anxiety/insomnia, social dysfunction, severe depression, and on work productivity. Materials and Methods: Institutional-based cross-sectional study; total sample size comprised 100 staff nurses. Data were collected using a two-part questionnaire: Part I: socio demographic variables and working envioronment, Part II: Goldberg and Hillier's 28-item scaled version of the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28) used to measure the psychological aspect of quality of life of staff nurses. Results: Hospital nurses reported mild (12%) to moderate/severe (77%) levels of job-related stress. The common stressors were poor attitude of male patients, absence of separate washroom for female nurses, posting in busy departments with increased workload, and inadequate salary. The single most important factor responsible for high levels of stress (70%) among the study subjects was inadequate salary. Conclusion: Assessing stress and job satisfaction is not a onetime action; it requires continuous monitoring and evaluation. Therefore, it is important to further explore how work-associated stress affects nurses, and what factors in their working environment cause the greatest burden.
Keywords	General stress score ; staff nurses ; working environment ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	150
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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