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  1. Article ; Online: Author Correction: Serial dependence and representational momentum in single-trial perceptual decisions.

    Pascucci, D / Plomp, G

    Scientific reports

    2021  Volume 11, Issue 1, Page(s) 16750

    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-08-12
    Publishing country England
    Document type Published Erratum
    ZDB-ID 2615211-3
    ISSN 2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
    ISSN (online) 2045-2322
    ISSN 2045-2322
    DOI 10.1038/s41598-021-96023-1
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Serial dependence and representational momentum in single-trial perceptual decisions.

    Pascucci, D / Plomp, G

    Scientific reports

    2021  Volume 11, Issue 1, Page(s) 9910

    Abstract: The human brain has evolved to predict and anticipate environmental events from their temporal dynamics. Predictions can bias perception toward the recent past, particularly when the environment contains no foreseeable changes, but can also push ... ...

    Abstract The human brain has evolved to predict and anticipate environmental events from their temporal dynamics. Predictions can bias perception toward the recent past, particularly when the environment contains no foreseeable changes, but can also push perception toward future states of sensory input, like when anticipating the trajectory of moving objects. Here, we show that perceptual decisions are simultaneously influenced by both past and future states of sensory signals. Using an orientation adjustment task, we demonstrate that single-trial errors are displaced toward previous features of behaviorally relevant stimuli and, at the same time, toward future states of dynamic sensory signals. These opposing tendencies, consistent with decisional serial dependence and representational momentum, involve different types of processing: serial dependence occurs beyond objecthood whereas representational momentum requires the representation of a single object with coherent dynamics in time and space. The coexistence of these two phenomena supports the independent binding of stimuli and decisions over time.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Decision Making/physiology ; Female ; Healthy Volunteers ; Humans ; Male ; Models, Psychological ; Photic Stimulation/methods ; Prejudice/psychology ; Visual Perception/physiology ; Young Adult
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-05-10
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Observational Study ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2615211-3
    ISSN 2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
    ISSN (online) 2045-2322
    ISSN 2045-2322
    DOI 10.1038/s41598-021-89432-9
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Attractive and repulsive serial dependence: The role of task relevance, the passage of time, and the number of stimuli.

    Ceylan, Gizay / Pascucci, David

    Journal of vision

    2023  Volume 23, Issue 6, Page(s) 8

    Abstract: Visual decisions are attracted toward features of previous stimuli. This phenomenon, termed serial dependence, has been related to a mechanism that integrates present visual input with stimuli seen up to 10 to 15 s in the past. It is believed that this ... ...

    Abstract Visual decisions are attracted toward features of previous stimuli. This phenomenon, termed serial dependence, has been related to a mechanism that integrates present visual input with stimuli seen up to 10 to 15 s in the past. It is believed that this mechanism is "temporally tuned" and the effect of prior stimuli fades with time. Here, we investigated whether the temporal window of serial dependence is influenced by the number of stimuli shown. Observers performed an orientation adjustment task where the interval between the past and present stimulus and the number of intervening stimuli varied. First, we found that the direction-repulsive or attractive-and duration of the effect of a past stimulus depends on whether the past stimulus was relevant to behavior. Second, we show that the number of stimuli, and not only the passage of time, plays a role: The effect of a stimulus at a fixed interval depends on the number of other stimuli shown after. Our results demonstrate that neither a single mechanism nor a general tuning window can fully capture the complexity of serial dependence.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Visual Perception ; Orientation, Spatial ; Time
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-14
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2106064-2
    ISSN 1534-7362 ; 1534-7362
    ISSN (online) 1534-7362
    ISSN 1534-7362
    DOI 10.1167/jov.23.6.8
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  4. Article ; Online: The functional role of spatial anisotropies in ensemble perception.

    Tiurina, Natalia A / Markov, Yuri A / Whitney, David / Pascucci, David

    BMC biology

    2024  Volume 22, Issue 1, Page(s) 28

    Abstract: Background: The human brain can rapidly represent sets of similar stimuli by their ensemble summary statistics, like the average orientation or size. Classic models assume that ensemble statistics are computed by integrating all elements with equal ... ...

    Abstract Background: The human brain can rapidly represent sets of similar stimuli by their ensemble summary statistics, like the average orientation or size. Classic models assume that ensemble statistics are computed by integrating all elements with equal weight. Challenging this view, here, we show that ensemble statistics are estimated by combining parafoveal and foveal statistics in proportion to their reliability. In a series of experiments, observers reproduced the average orientation of an ensemble of stimuli under varying levels of visual uncertainty.
    Results: Ensemble statistics were affected by multiple spatial biases, in particular, a strong and persistent bias towards the center of the visual field. This bias, evident in the majority of subjects and in all experiments, scaled with uncertainty: the higher the uncertainty in the ensemble statistics, the larger the bias towards the element shown at the fovea.
    Conclusion: Our findings indicate that ensemble perception cannot be explained by simple uniform pooling. The visual system weights information anisotropically from both the parafovea and the fovea, taking the intrinsic spatial anisotropies of vision into account to compensate for visual uncertainty.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Anisotropy ; Reproducibility of Results ; Vision, Ocular ; Brain ; Perception
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-05
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2133020-7
    ISSN 1741-7007 ; 1741-7007
    ISSN (online) 1741-7007
    ISSN 1741-7007
    DOI 10.1186/s12915-024-01822-3
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Humoral response after a fourth dose of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in immunocompromised patients. Results of a systematic review.

    Martinelli, Silvia / Pascucci, Domenico / Laurenti, Patrizia

    Frontiers in public health

    2023  Volume 11, Page(s) 1108546

    Abstract: Background and objective: The fourth dose the COVID-19 vaccine was first proposed to immunocompromised patients. The aim of the article is to systematically review the literature and report the humoral response and outcomes after the fourth dose ... ...

    Abstract Background and objective: The fourth dose the COVID-19 vaccine was first proposed to immunocompromised patients. The aim of the article is to systematically review the literature and report the humoral response and outcomes after the fourth dose administration in people with impaired immune system.
    Methods: Published studies on the humoral response, efficacy and safety of the fourth dose of the COVID-19 vaccine were analyzed in various settings of immunocompromised patients. We conducted systematic searches of PubMed, Cochrane Library and WHO COVID-19 Research Database for series published through January 31, 2023, using the search terms "fourth dose" or "second booster" or "4th dose" and "Coronavirus" or "COVID-19" or "SARS-CoV-2." All articles were selected according to the PRISMA guidelines.
    Results: A total of 24 articles including 2,838 patients were comprised in the systematic review. All the studies involved immunocompromised patients, including solid organ transplant recipients, patients with autoimmune rheumatic disease, patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and patients with blood cancers or diseases. Almost all patients received BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273 as fourth dose. All the studies demonstrated the increase of antibody titers after the fourth dose, both in patients who had a serological strong response and in those who had a weak response after the third dose. No serious adverse events after the 4th dose have been reported by 13 studies. COVID-19 infection after the fourth dose ranged from 0 to 21%.
    Conclusion: The present review highlights the importance of the fourth dose of covid-19 vaccines for immunocompromised patients. Across the included studies, a fourth dose was associated with improved seroconversion and antibody titer levels. In particular, a fourth dose was associated with increasing immunogenicity in organ transplant recipients and patients with hematological cancers, with a very low rate of serious side effects.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; COVID-19 Vaccines ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; BNT162 Vaccine ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Immunocompromised Host
    Chemical Substances COVID-19 Vaccines ; BNT162 Vaccine
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-23
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Systematic Review
    ZDB-ID 2711781-9
    ISSN 2296-2565 ; 2296-2565
    ISSN (online) 2296-2565
    ISSN 2296-2565
    DOI 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1108546
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  6. Article ; Online: Tuning perception and decisions to temporal context.

    Blondé, Philippe / Kristjánsson, Árni / Pascucci, David

    iScience

    2023  Volume 26, Issue 10, Page(s) 108008

    Abstract: Recent work suggests that serial dependence, where perceptual decisions are biased toward previous stimuli, arises from the prior that sensory input is temporally correlated. However, existing studies have mostly used random stimulus sequences that do ... ...

    Abstract Recent work suggests that serial dependence, where perceptual decisions are biased toward previous stimuli, arises from the prior that sensory input is temporally correlated. However, existing studies have mostly used random stimulus sequences that do not involve such temporal consistencies. Here, we manipulated the temporal statistics of visual stimuli to examine the role of true temporal correlations in serial dependence. In two experiments, observers reproduced the orientation of the last stimulus in a sequence, while we varied temporal correlations in the stimulus features at two timescales: stimulus history within the trial and decision history across trials. We found a clear dissociation: increasing temporal correlation in the stimulus history led to adaptation-like repulsive biases, whereas increasing temporal correlation in the decision history reduced attractive biases. Thus, we suggest that temporal correlation enhances the discriminative ability of the visual system, revealing the fundamental role of the broader temporal context.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-22
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2589-0042
    ISSN (online) 2589-0042
    DOI 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108008
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  7. Article: Editorial: Chasing brain dynamics at their speed: what can time-varying functional connectivity tell us about brain function?

    Rubega, Maria / Storti, Silvia Francesca / Pascucci, David

    Frontiers in neuroscience

    2023  Volume 17, Page(s) 1223955

    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-13
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Editorial
    ZDB-ID 2411902-7
    ISSN 1662-453X ; 1662-4548
    ISSN (online) 1662-453X
    ISSN 1662-4548
    DOI 10.3389/fnins.2023.1223955
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Pre-stimulus alpha activity modulates long-lasting unconscious feature integration.

    Menétrey, Maëlan Q / Herzog, Michael H / Pascucci, David

    NeuroImage

    2023  Volume 278, Page(s) 120298

    Abstract: Pre-stimulus alpha (α) activity can influence perception of shortly presented, low-contrast stimuli. The underlying mechanisms are often thought to affect perception exactly at the time of presentation. In addition, it is suggested that α cycles ... ...

    Abstract Pre-stimulus alpha (α) activity can influence perception of shortly presented, low-contrast stimuli. The underlying mechanisms are often thought to affect perception exactly at the time of presentation. In addition, it is suggested that α cycles determine temporal windows of integration. However, in everyday situations, stimuli are usually presented for periods longer than ∼100 ms and perception is often an integration of information across space and time. Moving objects are just one example. Hence, the question is whether α activity plays a role also in temporal integration, especially when stimuli are integrated over several α cycles. Using electroencephalography (EEG), we investigated the relationship between pre-stimulus brain activity and long-lasting integration in the sequential metacontrast paradigm (SQM), where two opposite vernier offsets, embedded in a stream of lines, are unconsciously integrated into a single percept. We show that increases in α power, even 300 ms before the stimulus, affected the probability of reporting the first offset, shown at the very beginning of the SQM. This effect was mediated by the systematic slowing of the α rhythm that followed the peak in α power. No phase effects were found. Together, our results demonstrate a cascade of neural changes, following spontaneous bursts of α activity and extending beyond a single moment, which influences the sensory representation of visual features for hundreds of milliseconds. Crucially, as feature integration in the SQM occurs before a conscious percept is elicited, this also provides evidence that α activity is linked to mechanisms regulating unconscious processing.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Unconsciousness ; Electroencephalography/methods ; Consciousness ; Alpha Rhythm/physiology ; Photic Stimulation/methods ; Visual Perception/physiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-29
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1147767-2
    ISSN 1095-9572 ; 1053-8119
    ISSN (online) 1095-9572
    ISSN 1053-8119
    DOI 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2023.120298
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  9. Article ; Online: Modeling time-varying brain networks with a self-tuning optimized Kalman filter.

    Pascucci, D / Rubega, M / Plomp, G

    PLoS computational biology

    2020  Volume 16, Issue 8, Page(s) e1007566

    Abstract: Brain networks are complex dynamical systems in which directed interactions between different areas evolve at the sub-second scale of sensory, cognitive and motor processes. Due to the highly non-stationary nature of neural signals and their unknown ... ...

    Abstract Brain networks are complex dynamical systems in which directed interactions between different areas evolve at the sub-second scale of sensory, cognitive and motor processes. Due to the highly non-stationary nature of neural signals and their unknown noise components, however, modeling dynamic brain networks has remained one of the major challenges in contemporary neuroscience. Here, we present a new algorithm based on an innovative formulation of the Kalman filter that is optimized for tracking rapidly evolving patterns of directed functional connectivity under unknown noise conditions. The Self-Tuning Optimized Kalman filter (STOK) is a novel adaptive filter that embeds a self-tuning memory decay and a recursive regularization to guarantee high network tracking accuracy, temporal precision and robustness to noise. To validate the proposed algorithm, we performed an extensive comparison against the classical Kalman filter, in both realistic surrogate networks and real electroencephalography (EEG) data. In both simulations and real data, we show that the STOK filter estimates time-frequency patterns of directed connectivity with significantly superior performance. The advantages of the STOK filter were even clearer in real EEG data, where the algorithm recovered latent structures of dynamic connectivity from epicranial EEG recordings in rats and human visual evoked potentials, in excellent agreement with known physiology. These results establish the STOK filter as a powerful tool for modeling dynamic network structures in biological systems, with the potential to yield new insights into the rapid evolution of network states from which brain functions emerge.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Algorithms ; Animals ; Brain/physiology ; Brain Mapping ; Computational Biology ; Electroencephalography ; Humans ; Male ; Models, Neurological ; Nerve Net/physiology ; Rats ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Young Adult
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-08-17
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2193340-6
    ISSN 1553-7358 ; 1553-734X
    ISSN (online) 1553-7358
    ISSN 1553-734X
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1007566
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  10. Article ; Online: The role of secondary features in serial dependence.

    Houborg, Christian / Kristjánsson, Árni / Tanrikulu, Ömer Daglar / Pascucci, David

    Journal of vision

    2023  Volume 23, Issue 5, Page(s) 21

    Abstract: Recent work indicates that visual features are processed in a serially dependent manner: The decision about a stimulus feature in the present is influenced by the features of stimuli seen in the past, leading to serial dependence. It remains unclear, ... ...

    Abstract Recent work indicates that visual features are processed in a serially dependent manner: The decision about a stimulus feature in the present is influenced by the features of stimuli seen in the past, leading to serial dependence. It remains unclear, however, under which conditions serial dependence is influenced by secondary features of the stimulus. Here, we investigate whether the color of a stimulus influences serial dependence in an orientation adjustment task. Observers viewed a sequence of oriented stimuli that randomly changed color (red or green) and reproduced the orientation of the last stimulus in the sequence. In addition, they had to either detect a certain color in the stimulus (Experiment 1) or discriminate the color of the stimulus (Experiment 2). We found that color does not influence serial dependence for orientation, and that observers were biased by previous orientations independently of changes or repetitions in the stimulus color. This occurred even when observers were explicitly asked to discriminate the stimuli based on their color. Together, our two experiments indicate that when the task involves a single elementary feature such as orientation, serial dependence is not modulated by changes in other features of the stimulus.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Visual Perception
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-26
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2106064-2
    ISSN 1534-7362 ; 1534-7362
    ISSN (online) 1534-7362
    ISSN 1534-7362
    DOI 10.1167/jov.23.5.21
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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