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  1. Article ; Online: Comparative Analysis of rRNA Removal Methods for RNA-Seq Differential Expression in Halophilic Archaea.

    Pastor, Mar Martinez / Sakrikar, Saaz / Rodriguez, Deyra N / Schmid, Amy K

    Biomolecules

    2022  Volume 12, Issue 5

    Abstract: Despite intense recent research interest in archaea, the scientific community has experienced a bottleneck in the study of genome-scale gene expression experiments by RNA-seq due to the lack of commercial and specifically designed rRNA depletion kits. ... ...

    Abstract Despite intense recent research interest in archaea, the scientific community has experienced a bottleneck in the study of genome-scale gene expression experiments by RNA-seq due to the lack of commercial and specifically designed rRNA depletion kits. The high rRNA:mRNA ratio (80-90%: ~10%) in prokaryotes hampers global transcriptomic analysis. Insufficient ribodepletion results in low sequence coverage of mRNA, and therefore, requires a substantially higher number of replicate samples and/or sequencing reads to achieve statistically reliable conclusions regarding the significance of differential gene expression between case and control samples. Here, we show that after the discontinuation of the previous version of RiboZero (Illumina, San Diego, CA, USA) that was useful in partially or completely depleting rRNA from archaea, archaeal transcriptomics studies have experienced a slowdown. To overcome this limitation, here, we analyze the efficiency for four different hybridization-based kits from three different commercial suppliers, each with two sets of sequence-specific probes to remove rRNA from four different species of halophilic archaea. We conclude that the key for transcriptomic success with the currently available tools is the probe-specificity for the rRNA sequence hybridization. With this paper, we provide insights into the archaeal community for selecting certain reagents and strategies over others depending on the archaeal species of interest. These methods yield improved RNA-seq sensitivity and enhanced detection of low abundance transcripts.
    MeSH term(s) Archaea/genetics ; Archaea/metabolism ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; RNA, Ribosomal/genetics ; RNA, Ribosomal/metabolism ; RNA-Seq ; Sequence Analysis, RNA/methods
    Chemical Substances RNA, Messenger ; RNA, Ribosomal
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-05-10
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 2701262-1
    ISSN 2218-273X ; 2218-273X
    ISSN (online) 2218-273X
    ISSN 2218-273X
    DOI 10.3390/biom12050682
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: TbsP and TrmB jointly regulate gapII to influence cell development phenotypes in the archaeon Haloferax volcanii.

    Hackley, Rylee K / Hwang, Sungmin / Herb, Jake T / Bhanap, Preeti / Lam, Katie / Vreugdenhil, Angie / Darnell, Cynthia L / Pastor, Mar Martinez / Martin, Johnathan H / Maupin-Furlow, Julie A / Schmid, Amy K

    Molecular microbiology

    2024  Volume 121, Issue 4, Page(s) 742–766

    Abstract: Microbial cells must continually adapt their physiology in the face of changing environmental conditions. Archaea living in extreme conditions, such as saturated salinity, represent important examples of such resilience. The model salt-loving organism ... ...

    Abstract Microbial cells must continually adapt their physiology in the face of changing environmental conditions. Archaea living in extreme conditions, such as saturated salinity, represent important examples of such resilience. The model salt-loving organism Haloferax volcanii exhibits remarkable plasticity in its morphology, biofilm formation, and motility in response to variations in nutrients and cell density. However, the mechanisms regulating these lifestyle transitions remain unclear. In prior research, we showed that the transcriptional regulator, TrmB, maintains the rod shape in the related species Halobacterium salinarum by activating the expression of enzyme-coding genes in the gluconeogenesis metabolic pathway. In Hbt. salinarum, TrmB-dependent production of glucose moieties is required for cell surface glycoprotein biogenesis. Here, we use a combination of genetics and quantitative phenotyping assays to demonstrate that TrmB is essential for growth under gluconeogenic conditions in Hfx. volcanii. The ∆trmB strain rapidly accumulated suppressor mutations in a gene encoding a novel transcriptional regulator, which we name trmB suppressor, or TbsP (a.k.a. "tablespoon"). TbsP is required for adhesion to abiotic surfaces (i.e., biofilm formation) and maintains wild-type cell morphology and motility. We use functional genomics and promoter fusion assays to characterize the regulons controlled by each of TrmB and TbsP, including joint regulation of the glucose-dependent transcription of gapII, which encodes an important gluconeogenic enzyme. We conclude that TrmB and TbsP coregulate gluconeogenesis, with downstream impacts on lifestyle transitions in response to nutrients in Hfx. volcanii.
    MeSH term(s) Haloferax volcanii/genetics ; Glucose/metabolism ; Metabolic Networks and Pathways ; Membrane Glycoproteins/metabolism ; Phenotype ; Archaeal Proteins/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Glucose (IY9XDZ35W2) ; Membrane Glycoproteins ; Archaeal Proteins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-11
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 619315-8
    ISSN 1365-2958 ; 0950-382X
    ISSN (online) 1365-2958
    ISSN 0950-382X
    DOI 10.1111/mmi.15225
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Mitochondrial function is an inducible determinant of osmotic stress adaptation in yeast.

    Pastor, Mar Martínez / Proft, Markus / Pascual-Ahuir, Amparo

    The Journal of biological chemistry

    2009  Volume 284, Issue 44, Page(s) 30307–30317

    Abstract: Hyperosmotic stress triggers a great variety of adaptive responses in eukaryotic cells that affect many different physiological functions. Here we investigate the role of the mitochondria during osmostress adaptation in budding yeast. Mitochondrial ... ...

    Abstract Hyperosmotic stress triggers a great variety of adaptive responses in eukaryotic cells that affect many different physiological functions. Here we investigate the role of the mitochondria during osmostress adaptation in budding yeast. Mitochondrial function is generally required for proper salt and osmotic stress adaptation because mutants with defects in many different mitochondrial components show hypersensitivity to increased NaCl and KCl concentrations. Mitochondrial protein abundance rapidly increases upon osmoshock in a selective manner, because it affects Calvin cycle enzymes (Sdh2 and Cit1) and components of the electron transport chain (Cox6) but not the ATP synthase complex (Atp5). Transcription of the SDH2, CIT1, and COX6 genes is severalfold induced within the first minutes of osmotic shock, dependent to various degree on the Hog1 and Snf1 protein kinases. Mitochondrial succinate dehydrogenase enzyme activity is stimulated upon osmostress in a Snf1-dependent manner. The osmosensitivity of mitochondrial mutants is not caused by impaired stress-activated transcription or by a general depletion of the cellular ATP pool during osmostress. We finally show that the growth defect of mitochondrial mutants in high salt medium can be partially rescued by supplementation of glutathione. Additionally, mitochondrial defects cause the hyperaccumulation of reactive oxygen species during salt stress. Our results indicate that the antioxidant function of the mitochondria might play an important role in adaptation to hyperosmotic stress.
    MeSH term(s) Adaptation, Physiological/genetics ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Mitochondria/physiology ; Mitochondrial Proteins/genetics ; Mutant Proteins/physiology ; Osmotic Pressure ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/physiology ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins ; Stress, Physiological
    Chemical Substances Mitochondrial Proteins ; Mutant Proteins ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2009-08-31
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2997-x
    ISSN 1083-351X ; 0021-9258
    ISSN (online) 1083-351X
    ISSN 0021-9258
    DOI 10.1074/jbc.M109.050682
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article: Mitochondrial Function Is an Inducible Determinant of Osmotic Stress Adaptation in Yeast

    Pastor, Mar Martínez / Proft, Markus / Pascual-Ahuir, Amparo

    Journal of biological chemistry. 2009 Oct. 30, v. 284, no. 44

    2009  

    Abstract: Hyperosmotic stress triggers a great variety of adaptive responses in eukaryotic cells that affect many different physiological functions. Here we investigate the role of the mitochondria during osmostress adaptation in budding yeast. Mitochondrial ... ...

    Abstract Hyperosmotic stress triggers a great variety of adaptive responses in eukaryotic cells that affect many different physiological functions. Here we investigate the role of the mitochondria during osmostress adaptation in budding yeast. Mitochondrial function is generally required for proper salt and osmotic stress adaptation because mutants with defects in many different mitochondrial components show hypersensitivity to increased NaCl and KCl concentrations. Mitochondrial protein abundance rapidly increases upon osmoshock in a selective manner, because it affects Calvin cycle enzymes (Sdh2 and Cit1) and components of the electron transport chain (Cox6) but not the ATP synthase complex (Atp5). Transcription of the SDH2, CIT1, and COX6 genes is severalfold induced within the first minutes of osmotic shock, dependent to various degree on the Hog1 and Snf1 protein kinases. Mitochondrial succinate dehydrogenase enzyme activity is stimulated upon osmostress in a Snf1-dependent manner. The osmosensitivity of mitochondrial mutants is not caused by impaired stress-activated transcription or by a general depletion of the cellular ATP pool during osmostress. We finally show that the growth defect of mitochondrial mutants in high salt medium can be partially rescued by supplementation of glutathione. Additionally, mitochondrial defects cause the hyperaccumulation of reactive oxygen species during salt stress. Our results indicate that the antioxidant function of the mitochondria might play an important role in adaptation to hyperosmotic stress.
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2009-1030
    Size p. 30307-30317.
    Publishing place American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2997-x
    ISSN 1083-351X ; 0021-9258
    ISSN (online) 1083-351X
    ISSN 0021-9258
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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