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  1. Article: Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7)-mediated antiviral response protects mice from lethal SARS-CoV-2 infection.

    Ghimire, Roshan / Shrestha, Rakshya / Amaradhi, Radhika / Patton, Titus / Whitley, Cody / Chanda, Debarati / Liu, Lin / Ganesh, Thota / More, Sunil / Channappanavar, Rudragouda

    bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology

    2023  

    Abstract: SARS-CoV-2-induced impaired antiviral and excessive inflammatory responses cause fatal pneumonia. However, the key pattern recognition receptors that elicit effective antiviral and lethal inflammatory ... ...

    Abstract SARS-CoV-2-induced impaired antiviral and excessive inflammatory responses cause fatal pneumonia. However, the key pattern recognition receptors that elicit effective antiviral and lethal inflammatory responses
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-09
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Preprint
    DOI 10.1101/2023.05.08.539929
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7)-mediated antiviral response protects mice from lethal SARS-CoV-2 infection

    Ghimire, Roshan / Shrestha, Rakshya / Amaradhi, Radhika / Patton, Titus / Whitley, Cody / Chanda, Debarati / Liu, Lin / Ganesh, Thota / More, Sunil / Channappanavar, Rudragouda

    bioRxiv

    Abstract: SARS-CoV-2-induced impaired antiviral and excessive inflammatory responses cause fatal pneumonia. However, the key pattern recognition receptors that elicit effective antiviral and lethal inflammatory responses in-vivo are not well defined. CoVs possess ... ...

    Abstract SARS-CoV-2-induced impaired antiviral and excessive inflammatory responses cause fatal pneumonia. However, the key pattern recognition receptors that elicit effective antiviral and lethal inflammatory responses in-vivo are not well defined. CoVs possess single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) that is abundantly produced during infection and stimulates both antiviral interferon (IFN) and inflammatory cytokine/ chemokine responses. Therefore, in this study, using wild-type control and TLR7 deficient BALB/c mice infected with a mouse-adapted SARS-COV-2 (MA-CoV-2), we evaluated the role of TLR7 signaling in MA-CoV-2-induced antiviral and inflammatory responses and disease outcome. We show that TLR7-deficient mice are more susceptible to MA-CoV-2 infection as compared to infected control mice. Further evaluation of MA-CoV-2 infected lungs showed significantly reduced mRNA levels of antiviral type I and type III IFNs, IFN stimulated genes (ISGs, ISG15 and CXCL10), and several pro-inflammatory cytokines/chemokines in TLR7 deficient compared to control mice. Reduced lung IFN/ISG levels and increased morbidity/mortality in TLR7 deficient mice correlated with high lung viral titer. Detailed examination of total cells from MA-CoV-2 infected lungs showed high neutrophil count in TLR7 deficient mice compared to control mice. Additionally, blocking TLR7 activity post-MA-CoV-2 infection using a specific inhibitor also enhanced disease severity. In summary, our results conclusively establish that TLR7 signaling is protective during SARS-CoV-2 infection, and despite robust inflammatory response, TLR7-mediated IFN/ISG responses likely protect the host from lethal disease. Given similar outcomes in control and TLR7 deficient humans and mice, these results show that MA-CoV-2 infected mice serve as excellent model to study COVID-19.
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-09
    Publisher Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
    Document type Article ; Online
    DOI 10.1101/2023.05.08.539929
    Database COVID19

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