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Article ; Online: Farm animal careers and perception of ‘fit’ in undergraduate veterinary students: A mixed methods study

Payne, Emily / Morton, Emily / Lally, Christopher / Remnant, John

Veterinary Record. 2023 Feb., v. 192, no. 4 p.e2339-

2023

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Recruitment and retention of farm veterinarians have been the focus of recent research. Previous work suggests that a feeling of ‘fit’ is important for students to consider a farm career. The aim of this study was to identify whether students ...

Abstract	BACKGROUND: Recruitment and retention of farm veterinarians have been the focus of recent research. Previous work suggests that a feeling of ‘fit’ is important for students to consider a farm career. The aim of this study was to identify whether students feel that they ‘fit’ in farm practice and reasons for their answer. METHODS: An online survey was distributed to students at all British and Irish veterinary schools. A mixed methods approach was considered, with thematic analysis on free text answers and regression analysis on demographic variables. RESULTS: Thematic analysis identified six themes: career opportunities, nature of farm veterinary work, relationships and interactions, individual experiences, expectations and perceptions, and no perceived barriers. Females, marginalised ethnic groups and those from an urban/suburban background were all identified as having significantly (p < 0.05) less agreement with the statement ‘I feel able to pursue a career in farm practice’. LIMITATIONS: Survey limitations include those with a clear bias being likely to respond. However, alignment of the qualitative and quantitative results increased confidence in the findings of this mixed methods approach. CONCLUSION: This study confirms that biases that exist within wider society do have an influence on veterinary undergraduates' intentions to pursue a farm animal career. This is vital to consider both at a university level and when considering students' experiences on placements. Urgent action is required to improve inclusivity in the farm animal veterinary sector.
Keywords	farmed animal species ; farms ; regression analysis ; society ; surveys ; veterinary services
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-02
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Document type	Article ; Online
Note	JOURNAL ARTICLE
ZDB-ID	390015-0
ISSN	2042-7670 ; 0042-4900
ISSN (online)	2042-7670
ISSN	0042-4900
DOI	10.1002/vetr.2339
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Farm animal careers and perception of 'fit' in undergraduate veterinary students: A mixed methods study.

Payne, Emily / Morton, Emily / Lally, Christopher / Remnant, John

The Veterinary record

2022 Volume 192, Issue 4, Page(s) e2339

Abstract: Background: Recruitment and retention of farm veterinarians have been the focus of recent research. Previous work suggests that a feeling of 'fit' is important for students to consider a farm career. The aim of this study was to identify whether ... ...

Abstract	Background: Recruitment and retention of farm veterinarians have been the focus of recent research. Previous work suggests that a feeling of 'fit' is important for students to consider a farm career. The aim of this study was to identify whether students feel that they 'fit' in farm practice and reasons for their answer. Methods: An online survey was distributed to students at all British and Irish veterinary schools. A mixed methods approach was considered, with thematic analysis on free text answers and regression analysis on demographic variables. Results: Thematic analysis identified six themes: career opportunities, nature of farm veterinary work, relationships and interactions, individual experiences, expectations and perceptions, and no perceived barriers. Females, marginalised ethnic groups and those from an urban/suburban background were all identified as having significantly (p < 0.05) less agreement with the statement 'I feel able to pursue a career in farm practice'. Limitations: Survey limitations include those with a clear bias being likely to respond. However, alignment of the qualitative and quantitative results increased confidence in the findings of this mixed methods approach. Conclusion: This study confirms that biases that exist within wider society do have an influence on veterinary undergraduates' intentions to pursue a farm animal career. This is vital to consider both at a university level and when considering students' experiences on placements. Urgent action is required to improve inclusivity in the farm animal veterinary sector.
MeSH term(s)	Female ; Humans ; Career Choice ; Perception ; Students/statistics & numerical data ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Ethnic and Racial Minorities/statistics & numerical data ; Farms ; Veterinary Medicine/classification ; Veterinary Medicine/statistics & numerical data ; Schools, Veterinary/statistics & numerical data
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-11-07
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	390015-0
ISSN	2042-7670 ; 0042-4900
ISSN (online)	2042-7670
ISSN	0042-4900
DOI	10.1002/vetr.2339
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Article ; Online: Somatic growth, valve and artery size, and cardiac function; the relevance of growth parameters for patients born with a single ventricle.

d'Udekem, Yves / Payne, Emma

International journal of cardiology

2020 Volume 323, Page(s) 70–71

MeSH term(s)	Arteries ; Fontan Procedure ; Heart Ventricles/diagnostic imaging ; Heart Ventricles/surgery ; Humans ; Univentricular Heart
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-09-15
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Editorial ; Comment
ZDB-ID	779519-1
ISSN	1874-1754 ; 0167-5273
ISSN (online)	1874-1754
ISSN	0167-5273
DOI	10.1016/j.ijcard.2020.09.032
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Article ; Online: Does giving dairy calves with diarrhoea a combination of milk and rehydration fluids result in a faster recovery?

Payne, Emily / Brennan, Marnie

The Veterinary record

2020 Volume 187, Issue 9, Page(s) 358–360

MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Cattle ; Cattle Diseases/therapy ; Diarrhea/therapy ; Diarrhea/veterinary ; Fluid Therapy/statistics & numerical data ; Fluid Therapy/veterinary ; Milk ; Rehydration Solutions/administration & dosage
Chemical Substances	Rehydration Solutions
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-10-27
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	390015-0
ISSN	2042-7670 ; 0042-4900
ISSN (online)	2042-7670
ISSN	0042-4900
DOI	10.1136/vr.m4031
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Article ; Online: Brief Report: Social Functioning Predicts Externalizing Problem Behaviors in Autism Spectrum Disorder.

Shea, N / Payne, E / Russo, N

Journal of autism and developmental disorders

2018 Volume 48, Issue 6, Page(s) 2237–2242

Abstract: Individuals with ASD often display externalizing behaviors, which have been associated with lower quality of life in adulthood. Social difficulties have been hypothesized to underlie externalizing problems among individuals with ASD (Klin and Volkmar in ... ...

Abstract	Individuals with ASD often display externalizing behaviors, which have been associated with lower quality of life in adulthood. Social difficulties have been hypothesized to underlie externalizing problems among individuals with ASD (Klin and Volkmar in Asperger Syndrome, 340-366, 2000), but this has never been tested empirically. We examined whether socialization abilities predicted externalizing problems assessed by parent report in a group of 29 individuals with ASD (age range 7-16 years) and 29 TD individuals matched for IQ, age, and gender. Socialization scores accounted for 50% of the variance in externalizing behaviors among individuals with ASD, but not in TD children. These findings have implications for intervention, and suggest that targeting social difficulties might provide a better means to addressing externalizing problems.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosis ; Autism Spectrum Disorder/psychology ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Problem Behavior/psychology ; Quality of Life/psychology ; Social Adjustment ; Socialization
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-04-12
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	391999-7
ISSN	1573-3432 ; 0162-3257
ISSN (online)	1573-3432
ISSN	0162-3257
DOI	10.1007/s10803-017-3459-8
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Article: Optimal Flow-A Pilot Study Balancing Sheep Movement and Welfare in Abattoirs.

Starling, Melissa J / Payne, Elyssa / McGreevy, Paul

Animals : an open access journal from MDPI

2021 Volume 11, Issue 2

Abstract: Abattoirs are faced with the challenge of moving livestock efficiently through the plant, while also engaging in handling practices that assure good animal welfare. Achieving optimal outcomes for both of these goals can bring them into conflict. An ... ...

Abstract	Abattoirs are faced with the challenge of moving livestock efficiently through the plant, while also engaging in handling practices that assure good animal welfare. Achieving optimal outcomes for both of these goals can bring them into conflict. An additional source of conflict can arise from the design of the abattoir. These problems are compounded by the dearth of research available to inform how livestock should be handled to achieve all of these goals. We applied the concept of 'Optimal Flow' to describe conditions under which rate of movement is maximised while overt signs of distress in sheep are minimised. Effectively, this represents the point at which trade-offs between speed and welfare converge. The current pilot study examined the behavioural interactions between humans (
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-29
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2076-2615
ISSN	2076-2615
DOI	10.3390/ani11020344
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Article ; Online: Attitudes of UK veterinary students towards careers in the production animal sector: A mixed methods approach.

Payne, Emily / Cobb, Kate / Oldham, John / Remnant, John

The Veterinary record

2021 Volume 189, Issue 8, Page(s) e455

Abstract: Background: Within the production animal sector, it has long been forecast that demand for veterinary services could outstrip supply. This study aims to identify factors influencing veterinary undergraduates' attitudes towards a career in farm animal ... ...

Abstract	Background: Within the production animal sector, it has long been forecast that demand for veterinary services could outstrip supply. This study aims to identify factors influencing veterinary undergraduates' attitudes towards a career in farm animal veterinary practice and how those factors may be influenced by their experiences during their time as an undergraduate. Methods: An online survey was distributed to all vet schools in the UK and Ireland. Thematic analysis and descriptive data analysis were performed on the 1146 responses received. Results: Seven themes were identified: relationships, preferences and interest, fit, direct experience, fear, ethics and values and lifestyle. When considering first job choice, extra mural studies (EMS) and personal interest (60% and 75% of respondents respectively) were very influential. Factors that appeal or put off respondents from a career in farm animal varied dependent on anticipated first job (p < 0.001), but working hours and out of hours were consistently identified as barriers. Conclusion: The results highlight the importance of EMS being more transparent about the profession and using the opportunity to discuss undergraduate concerns regarding farm animal practice.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Animals, Domestic ; Attitude ; Career Choice ; Humans ; Students ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; United Kingdom ; Veterinarians
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-05-18
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	390015-0
ISSN	2042-7670 ; 0042-4900
ISSN (online)	2042-7670
ISSN	0042-4900
DOI	10.1002/vetr.455
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Discordance Between Insurance Coverage of Antiviral Medications and Nicotine Replacement Therapy Among Individuals With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Who Smoke.

Bernstein, Steven L / Yager, Jessica E / Sigel, Keith / Porter, Elizabeth / Do, Tina / Payne, Erika / Bold, Krysten / Ledgerwood, David / Edelman, E Jennifer

Journal of addiction medicine

2024

Abstract: Introduction: Tobacco contributes to the leading causes of morbidity and mortality among persons with human immunodeficiency virus (PWHs). Nonetheless, medications for tobacco use disorder are widely underused, particularly among PWHs. We sought to ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Tobacco contributes to the leading causes of morbidity and mortality among persons with human immunodeficiency virus (PWHs). Nonetheless, medications for tobacco use disorder are widely underused, particularly among PWHs. We sought to characterize the extent to which insurance barriers impacted access to medications for tobacco use disorder and, in comparison, to access to antiretroviral therapy (ART). Methods: This is a secondary analysis of data on individuals enrolled in a randomized clinical trial to address tobacco use involving nicotine replacement therapy and, for some, additionally, varenicline or bupropion. Medication prescriptions are transmitted electronically from the clinic to neighborhood pharmacies. Data sources included participant assessments and intervention visit tracking forms. Results: Of 93 participants enrolled from September 2020 to July 2021, 20 (22%) were unable to fill or had difficulty filling their nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) prescriptions because of insurance barriers. These fell into 2 broad categories: enrollment in a publicly insured managed care plan in which the pharmacy benefit manager excluded nonprescription NRT and lack of understanding by the pharmacy of the scope of coverage. Of these 20 participants, 5 (25%) were unable to obtain medications at all, and 3 of these participants dropped out of the study. One additional participant paid out-of-pocket to obtain NRT. No participant was denied coverage of ART, bupropion, or varenicline. Conclusions: Gaps in insurance coverage may result in PWHs receiving ART without simultaneous medical management of their tobacco use. This may undermine the efficacy of antivirals. Mandated insurance coverage of nonprescription NRT may improve the health of PWHs who smoke.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-12
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1935-3227
ISSN (online)	1935-3227
DOI	10.1097/ADM.0000000000001302
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Attitudes of UK veterinary students towards careers in the production animal sector: A mixed methods approach

Payne, Emily / Cobb, Kate / Oldham, John / Remnant, John

Veterinary record. 2021 Oct., v. 189, no. 8

2021

Abstract: Background: Within the production animal sector, it has long been forecast that demand for veterinary services could outstrip supply. This study aims to identify factors influencing veterinary undergraduates’ attitudes towards a career in farm animal ... ...

Abstract	Background: Within the production animal sector, it has long been forecast that demand for veterinary services could outstrip supply. This study aims to identify factors influencing veterinary undergraduates’ attitudes towards a career in farm animal veterinary practice and how those factors may be influenced by their experiences during their time as an undergraduate. Methods: An online survey was distributed to all vet schools in the UK and Ireland. Thematic analysis and descriptive data analysis were performed on the 1146 responses received. Results: Seven themes were identified: relationships, preferences and interest, fit, direct experience, fear, ethics and values and lifestyle. When considering first job choice, extra mural studies (EMS) and personal interest (60% and 75% of respondents respectively) were very influential. Factors that appeal or put off respondents from a career in farm animal varied dependent on anticipated first job (p < 0.001), but working hours and out of hours were consistently identified as barriers. Conclusion: The results highlight the importance of EMS being more transparent about the profession and using the opportunity to discuss undergraduate concerns regarding farm animal practice.
Keywords	ethics ; farmed animal species ; fearfulness ; lifestyle ; occupations ; surveys ; veterinary clinics ; Ireland
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-10
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Document type	Article
Note	JOURNAL ARTICLE
ZDB-ID	390015-0
ISSN	2042-7670 ; 0042-4900
ISSN (online)	2042-7670
ISSN	0042-4900
DOI	10.1002/vetr.455
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Intrinsic traits, social context, and local environment shape home range size and fidelity of sleepy lizards

Payne, E. / Spiegel, O. / Sinn, D. L. / Leu, S. T. / Gardner, M. G. / Godfrey, S. S. / Wohlfeil, C. / Sih, A.

Ecological monographs. 2022 Aug., v. 92, no. 3

2022

Abstract: Home ranges (HRs), the regions within which animals interact with their environment, constitute a fundamental aspect of their ecology. HR sizes and locations commonly reflect costs and benefits associated with diverse social, biotic, and abiotic factors. ...

Abstract	Home ranges (HRs), the regions within which animals interact with their environment, constitute a fundamental aspect of their ecology. HR sizes and locations commonly reflect costs and benefits associated with diverse social, biotic, and abiotic factors. Less is known, however, about how these factors affect intraspecific variation in HR size or fidelity (the individual's tendency to maintain the same HR location over time) or whether variation in these features emerge from consistent differences among individuals or among the sites they occupy. To address this knowledge gap, we used an extensive GPS‐tracking data set of a long‐lived lizard, the sleepy lizard (Tiliqua rugosa), which included repeated observations of multiple individuals across years. We tested how three categories of predictors—(1) lizard characteristics (sex, aggressiveness, and parasitic tick counts), (2) environmental characteristics (precipitation, food, and refuge quality), and (3) social conditions (conspecific overlap and number of neighbors)—affected HR size and fidelity. We found that individuals differed consistently in the size and fidelity of annual HRs (with a repeatability of 0.58 and 0.33, respectively), and that all three categories of predictors affected both HR size and fidelity. For example, HRs were smaller in areas with more food, and males had larger HRs than females. In addition, more aggressive lizards tended to have larger HRs. Conspecific overlap and number of individuals that a lizard interacted with (social network degree) had an interactive effect on HR size where individuals whose HRs overlapped more with neighbors had larger HRs, and this effect was particularly strong for individuals that interacted with more neighbors. HR fidelity declined over time (HR locations drifted from year to year), but individuals differed consistently in this rate of drift. The fact that HR size was consistent despite drifting locations suggests that lizard HRs reflect individual traits (e.g., habitat choice criteria that differ among individuals), rather than simple heterogeneity among sites. Overall, these findings demonstrate (1) both strong, long‐term, within‐individual consistency and between‐individual differences in space use and (2) combined effects of individual traits, social conditions, and environmental characteristics on animal HRs, with implications for diverse ecological processes.
Keywords	Tiliqua rugosa ; aggression ; conspecificity ; data collection ; habitats ; home range ; intraspecific variation ; lizards ; social networks ; ticks
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-08
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Document type	Article
Note	JOURNAL ARTICLE
ZDB-ID	410216-2
ISSN	1557-7015 ; 0012-9615
ISSN (online)	1557-7015
ISSN	0012-9615
DOI	10.1002/ecm.1519
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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