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Article ; Online: The biological paradigm of psychosis in crisis: A Kuhnian analysis.

Pearson, Mark / R Egglestone, Stefan / Winship, Gary

Nursing philosophy : an international journal for healthcare professionals

2023 Volume 24, Issue 4, Page(s) e12418

Abstract: The philosophy of Thomas Kuhn proposes that scientific progress involves periods of crisis and revolution in which previous paradigms are discarded and replaced. Revolutions in how mental health problems are conceptualised have had a substantial impact ... ...

Abstract	The philosophy of Thomas Kuhn proposes that scientific progress involves periods of crisis and revolution in which previous paradigms are discarded and replaced. Revolutions in how mental health problems are conceptualised have had a substantial impact on the work of mental health nurses. However, despite numerous revolutions within the field of mental health, the biological paradigm has remained largely dominant within western healthcare, especially in orientating the understanding and treatment of psychosis. This paper utilises concepts drawn from the philosophy of Thomas Kuhn to explore the impact of what Kuhn terms 'anomalies' within the dominant biological paradigm: the anomaly of the meaningful utterance, the anomaly of complex aetiology and taxonomy and the anomaly of pharmacological inefficacy in recovery. The paper argues that the biological paradigm for understanding psychosis is in crisis and explores the implications for mental health nursing.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Psychotic Disorders ; Philosophy ; Psychiatric Nursing
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-13
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2029286-7
ISSN	1466-769X ; 1466-7681
ISSN (online)	1466-769X
ISSN	1466-7681
DOI	10.1111/nup.12418
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Exploring pathways to optimise care in malignant bowel obstruction (EPOC): Protocol for a three-phase critical realist approach to theory-led intervention development for shared decision-making.

Bravington, Alison / Boland, Jason W / Greenley, Sarah / Lind, Michael / Murtagh, Fliss E M / Patterson, Michael / Pearson, Mark / Johnson, Miriam J

PloS one

2024 Volume 19, Issue 1, Page(s) e0294218

Abstract: Introduction: Malignant bowel obstruction is a distressing complication of cancer, causing pain, nausea and vomiting, and often has a poor prognosis. Severe and rapidly developing symptoms, a lack of robust clinical guidelines and the need for ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Malignant bowel obstruction is a distressing complication of cancer, causing pain, nausea and vomiting, and often has a poor prognosis. Severe and rapidly developing symptoms, a lack of robust clinical guidelines and the need for multidisciplinary input make treatment decision-making challenging. Sharing decision-making with people with malignant bowel obstruction and their caregivers can be difficult, and inconsistent communication creates serious deficiencies in care by amplifying patients' distress and uncertainty. Little attention has been paid to the implicit influences on this process-for example, the role of discipline-related norms and the beliefs of decision-makers. This study will explore how these processes work and develop interventions to improve shared decision-making. Methods and analysis: Exploring Pathways to Optimise Care (EPOC) is a three-phase study set within a critical realist framework: (i) realist review, to develop explanatory theory describing collaborative decision-making in the management of malignant bowel obstruction; (ii) an in-depth interview study using modified grounded theory to explore the active ingredients of this collaboration in practice settings; and (iii) the presentation to stakeholders (practitioners, patients and caregivers) of integrated results from Phase I (theory developed from the literature) and Phase II (theory developed from current practice) as a basis for intervention mapping. We aim to produce recommendations to address the challenges, and to develop a set of tools to (i) aid interaction around shared decision-making and (ii) aid interprofessional interaction around the management of this condition. Registration details: The realist review is registered with PROSPERO (CRD42022308251).
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Decision Making, Shared ; Caregivers ; Communication
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-25
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2267670-3
ISSN	1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
ISSN	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0294218
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Article ; Online: Towards codesign in respiratory care: development of an implementation-ready intervention to improve guideline-adherent adult asthma care across primary and secondary care settings (The SENTINEL Project).

Crowther, Lucia / Pearson, Mark / Cummings, Helena / Crooks, Michael George

BMJ open respiratory research

2022 Volume 9, Issue 1

Abstract: Short-acting beta agonist (SABA) overuse (≥3 canisters annually) is associated with worse asthma outcomes and accounts for the majority of greenhouse gas emissions from asthma inhalers in England. Reducing SABA overuse aligns with the National Health ... ...

Abstract	Short-acting beta agonist (SABA) overuse (≥3 canisters annually) is associated with worse asthma outcomes and accounts for the majority of greenhouse gas emissions from asthma inhalers in England. Reducing SABA overuse aligns with the National Health Service long-term plan to optimise asthma treatment while minimising environmental impact, but adoption of local asthma guidelines for a SABA-free maintenance and reliever therapy strategy for step 3 asthma patients is limited. In this
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Asthma/therapy ; England ; Humans ; Secondary Care ; State Medicine
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-19
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2736454-9
ISSN	2052-4439 ; 2052-4439
ISSN (online)	2052-4439
ISSN	2052-4439
DOI	10.1136/bmjresp-2021-001155
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Article ; Online: Creative Long Covid: A qualitative exploration of the experience of Long Covid through the medium of creative narratives.

Pearson, Mark / Singh, Prerna / Bartel, Heike / Crawford, Paul / Allsopp, Gail

Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy

2022 Volume 25, Issue 6, Page(s) 2950–2959

Abstract: Background: Healthcare is witnessing a new disease with the emergence of Long Covid; a condition which can result in myriad symptoms, varying in frequency and severity. As new data are emerging to help inform treatment guidelines, the perspectives of ... ...

Abstract	Background: Healthcare is witnessing a new disease with the emergence of Long Covid; a condition which can result in myriad symptoms, varying in frequency and severity. As new data are emerging to help inform treatment guidelines, the perspectives of those living with Long Covid are essential in informing healthcare practice. The research aimed to collect the narratives of people living with Long Covid to better understand the lived experience of this condition. In attempting to narrate complex or traumatic experiences the arts and humanities can offer alternative ways of expressing embodied narratives, representing rich sources of meaning. Therefore, the research specifically sought to elicit creative expressions from participants with lived experience of Long Covid. Methods: Data were collected via an online repository where participants could submit their pieces of creative writing. Data were collected between August 2021 and January 2022 and a total of 28 submissions were received from participants. These were mostly written creative narratives. However, a small number were submitted as audio or video files of spoken word poetry or songs. Data collection was stopped once data saturation was achieved. Results: The submissions were subjected to thematic analysis and five themes were generated. These five themes are Identity, social relationships, symptoms, interaction with healthcare systems and time. The results provide an insight into the experience of Long Covid as detailed by the participants' creative narratives. Conclusion: The results from this study provide a unique insight into the lived experience of Long Covid. In relation to clinical practice, the results suggest that adjustment reaction and loss of sense of self could be added as common symptoms. Patient and public contribution: Before undertaking the research, Long Covid community groups were contacted to discuss the potential value of this study and it was widely supported. One of the leading Long Covid support groups was also involved in disseminating information regarding the project. As part of ongoing work within this project, members of the team are actively disseminating the results within Long Covid communities and seeking to develop arts-based workshops specifically for people with Long Covid.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; COVID-19 ; Narration ; Writing ; Interpersonal Relations
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-23
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2119434-8
ISSN	1369-7625 ; 1369-6513
ISSN (online)	1369-7625
ISSN	1369-6513
DOI	10.1111/hex.13602
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Article ; Online: Mucus clears from the trachea in a helix: a new twist to understanding airway diseases.

Abelson, David / Di Michiel, James / Frater, Clayton / Pearson, Mark / Russo, Robert / Wechselberger, Martin / Cottee, Alice / Morgan, Lucy

Thorax

2024

Abstract: Background: Mucociliary clearance (MCC) is critical to lung health and is impaired in many diseases. The path of MCC may have an important impact on clearance but has never been rigorously studied. The objective of this study is to assess the three- ... ...

Abstract	Background: Mucociliary clearance (MCC) is critical to lung health and is impaired in many diseases. The path of MCC may have an important impact on clearance but has never been rigorously studied. The objective of this study is to assess the three-dimensional path of human tracheal MCC in disease and health. Methods: Tracheal MCC was imaged in 12 ex-smokers, 3 non-smokers (1 opportunistically imaged during acute influenza and repeated after recovery) and 5 individuals with primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD). Radiolabelled macroaggregated albumin droplets were injected into the trachea via the cricothyroid membrane. Droplet movement was tracked via scintigraphy, the path of movement mapped and helical and axial models of tracheal MCC were compared. Measurements and main results: In 5/5 participants with PCD and 1 healthy participant with acute influenza, radiolabelled albumin coated the trachea and did not move. In all others (15/15), mucus coalesced into globules. Globule movement was negligible in 3 ex-smokers, but in all others (12/15) ascended the trachea in a helical path. Median cephalad tracheal MCC was 2.7 mm/min ex-smokers vs 8.4 mm/min non-smokers (p=0.02) and correlated strongly to helical angle (r=0.92 (p=0.00002); median 18 Conclusion: For the first time, we show that human tracheal MCC is helical, and impairment in ex-smokers is often caused by flattened helical transit, not slower movement. Our methodology provides a simple method to map tracheal MCC and speed in vivo.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-20
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	204353-1
ISSN	1468-3296 ; 0040-6376
ISSN (online)	1468-3296
ISSN	0040-6376
DOI	10.1136/thorax-2023-221052
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Article ; Online: Developing a strategy to scale up place-based arts initiatives that support mental health and wellbeing: A realist evaluation of 'Arts for the Blues'.

Karkou, Vicky / Omylinska-Thurston, Joanna / Thurston, Scott / Clark, Rebecca / Perris, Emma / Kaehne, Axel / Pearson, Mark

PloS one

2024 Volume 19, Issue 1, Page(s) e0296178

Abstract: Place-based arts initiatives are regarded as rooted in local need and as having capacity to engage local assets. However, many place-based arts initiatives remain poorly funded and short-lived, receiving little attention on how to scale up and sustain ... ...

Abstract	Place-based arts initiatives are regarded as rooted in local need and as having capacity to engage local assets. However, many place-based arts initiatives remain poorly funded and short-lived, receiving little attention on how to scale up and sustain their activities. In this study we make a unique contribution to knowledge about scaling up place-based arts initiatives that support mental health and wellbeing through focusing on the example of 'Arts for the Blues', an arts-based psychological group intervention designed to reduce depression and improve wellbeing amongst primary care mental health service users in deprived communities. Methodologically, we used realist evaluation to refine the study's theoretical assumptions about scaling up, drawing on the lived and professional experiences of 225 diverse stakeholders' and frontline staff through a series of focus groups and evaluation questions at two stakeholders' events and four training days. Based on our findings, we recommend that to scale up place-based arts initiatives which support mental health and wellbeing: (i) the initiative needs to be adaptable, clear, collaborative, evidence-based, personalised and transformative; (ii) the organisation has to have a relevant need, have an understanding of the arts, has to have resources, inspiration and commitment from staff members, relevant skillsets and help from outside the organisation; (iii) at a policy level it is important to pay attention to attitude shifts towards the arts, meet rules, guidelines and standards expected from services, highlight gaps in provision, seek out early intervention and treatment options, and consider service delivery changes. The presence of champions at a local level and buy-in from managers, local leaders and policy makers are also needed alongside actively seeking to implement arts initiatives in different settings across geographical spread. Our theoretically-based and experientially-refined study provides the first ever scaling up framework developed for place-based arts initiatives that support the mental health and wellbeing, offering opportunities for spread and adoption of such projects in different organisational contexts, locally, nationally and internationally.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Mental Health ; Mental Health Services ; Drive
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-02
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2267670-3
ISSN	1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
ISSN	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0296178
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Article ; Online: LymphActiv: A Digital Physical Activity Behavior Intervention for the Treatment of Lymphedema and Lipedema.

Mortimer, Peter S / Pearson, Mark / Gawrysiak, Patryk / Riches, Katie / Keeley, Vaughan / Tew, Kirstie F / Cranwell, Ewan J

Lymphatic research and biology

2024 Volume 22, Issue 2, Page(s) 112–119

Abstract: Background: ...

Abstract	Background:
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Lipedema ; Quality of Life ; Lymphedema/etiology ; Treatment Outcome ; Exercise
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-23
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Randomized Controlled Trial ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2147953-7
ISSN	1557-8585 ; 1539-6851
ISSN (online)	1557-8585
ISSN	1539-6851
DOI	10.1089/lrb.2023.0033
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Article ; Online: How Can Poetry Support the Understanding of Psychotic Experiences? - A Conceptual Review.

Pearson, Mark / Rennick-Egglestone, Stefan / Winship, Gary

Journal of recovery in mental health

2021 Volume 3, Issue 1, Page(s) 39–53

Abstract: Objective: The therapeutic application of poetry for those who have experienced psychosis remains under researched and potentially undervalued. This paper presents a conceptual review exploring the relationship between poetry and psychosis, based on a ... ...

Abstract	Objective: The therapeutic application of poetry for those who have experienced psychosis remains under researched and potentially undervalued. This paper presents a conceptual review exploring the relationship between poetry and psychosis, based on a synthesis of existing literature. Research design and methods: The review identified papers from a range of sources and disciplines. Initial searches were undertaken using databases CINAHL, PsycINFO and ASSIA; this search was then followed up with a library search for key texts and a further search for associated grey literature involving exploring blogs and conference presentations. The data was then synthesized based on methods from both narrative review and thematic analysis to generate a conceptual framework. Results: The results reveal a conceptual framework comprised of three domains: i) psychotic language as meaningful poetics, ii) poetry as an expression of psychosis and iii) poetic exchange as therapeutic practice. The conceptual framework proposes that not only can psychosis be understood as meaningful poetics, but also that poetry may offer meaningful linguistic opportunities to aid the expression and narration of self and experiences. The potential for extending our understanding of the poetry in this way is analogous to forms of talking therapy, and this may be a base for extending understanding and communicative practice for a range of mental health professions. Conclusion: The conceptual framework suggests a novel understanding of psychosis in relation to poetry, moving away from traditional biomedical paradigms and placing importance upon individual narratives.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-12-21
Publishing country	Canada
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2371-2376
ISSN (online)	2371-2376
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Article ; Online: Non-medical devices for chronic breathlessness: use, barriers and facilitators for patients, carers and clinicians - a scoping review.

Prihartadi, Aliya Syahreni / Impelliziere Licastro, Giovanna / Pearson, Mark / Johnson, Miriam J / Luckett, Tim / Swan, Flavia

BMJ supportive & palliative care

2023 Volume 13, Issue e2, Page(s) e244–e253

Abstract: Background: Non-medical devices such as the handheld fan (fan), mobility aids (wheeled walkers with seats) and inspiratory muscle training (IMT) devices offer benefits for patient management of chronic breathlessness. We examined the published evidence ... ...

Abstract	Background: Non-medical devices such as the handheld fan (fan), mobility aids (wheeled walkers with seats) and inspiratory muscle training (IMT) devices offer benefits for patient management of chronic breathlessness. We examined the published evidence regarding patient, carer and clinician use of the fan, mobility aids and IMT devices for chronic breathlessness management, and the potential barriers and facilitators to day-to-day use in a range of settings. Methods: MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, EBSCO and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews were searched. Papers were imported into EndNote and Rayyan for review against a priori eligibility criteria. Outcome data relevant to use were extracted and categorised as potential barriers and facilitators, and a narrative synthesis exploring reasons for similarities and differences conducted. Results: Seven studies met the inclusion criteria (n=5 fan, n=2 mobility aids and n=0 IMT devices). All of the studies presented patient use of non-medical devices only. Patients found the fan easy to use at home. Mobility aids were used mainly for outdoor activities. Outdoor use for both devices were associated with embarrassment. Key barriers included: appearance; credibility; self-stigma; technical specifications. Common facilitators were ease of use, clinical benefit and feeling safe with the device. Conclusion: The efforts of patients, carers and clinicians to adopt and use non-medical devices for the management of chronic breathlessness is impeded by lack of implementation research. Future research should improve knowledge of the barriers and facilitators to use. This would enhance understanding of how decision-making in patient-carer-clinician triads impacts on non-medical devices use for breathlessness management.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Caregivers ; Systematic Reviews as Topic ; Dyspnea/therapy
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-07
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ISSN	2045-4368
ISSN (online)	2045-4368
DOI	10.1136/bmjspcare-2021-002962
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Article ; Online: Exploring the influence of feedback given by people with lived experience of mental distress on learning for preregistration mental health students.

Stacey, Gemma / Pearson, Mark

Journal of psychiatric and mental health nursing

2018 Volume 25, Issue 5-6

Abstract: WHAT IS KNOWN ON THE SUBJECT?: The involvement of those with lived experience is broadly understood to be beneficial to student learning. The consequence of the process and implications for learning are predominantly unexplored. WHAT THE PAPER ADDS TO ... ...

Abstract	WHAT IS KNOWN ON THE SUBJECT?: The involvement of those with lived experience is broadly understood to be beneficial to student learning. The consequence of the process and implications for learning are predominantly unexplored. WHAT THE PAPER ADDS TO EXISTING KNOWLEDGE?: The paper explores an innovative co-produced model of involving people with lived experience in the assessment process of mental health nursing students. This method of assessment enables students to further critically analyze the application of humanistic skills and theories of person-centred care. WHAT ARE THE IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE?: The involvement of people with lived experience in the assessment process of students promotes self-awareness and empathy. It is questionable if learning which is potentially troublesome should act as a form of academic assessment which is exposed to the external judgement of another and awarded a credit-bearing grade. ABSTRACT: Introduction Despite a positive and established perception of people with lived experience of mental distress contributing to the assessment of healthcare professionals, the consequence and implications for learning are predominantly unexplored. Aim To gain a greater understanding of the influence of feedback given by people with lived experience, in the role of formative assessor, on student learning. Method Qualitative analysis, underpinned by the theory threshold concepts, was conducted on the written reflective assessments, submitted by students, following engaging in an assessment with a lived experience assessor. Results Student learning was influenced positively by the involvement of lived experience assessors in relation to person-centred care. However, students reported the experience to be anxiety provoking due to the desire to seek external approval and conceal personal challenges. Discussion The results indicate that the feedback from those with lived experience promotes greater self-awareness and empathy amongst students. The perceived expectation to present a competent and professional performance acts as a barrier to authentic person-centred practice. Implications for practice It is questionable if learning which is potentially troublesome should act as a form of academic assessment, which is exposed to the external judgement of another and awarded a credit-bearing grade.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Education, Nursing/methods ; Educational Measurement/methods ; Empathy ; Feedback ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Psychiatric Nursing/education ; Qualitative Research ; Stress, Psychological/psychology ; Students, Nursing ; Young Adult
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-06-19
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1328479-4
ISSN	1365-2850 ; 1351-0126
ISSN (online)	1365-2850
ISSN	1351-0126
DOI	10.1111/jpm.12465
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