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  1. Article ; Online: red - an R package to facilitate species red list assessments according to the IUCN criteria

    Pedro Cardoso

    Biodiversity Data Journal, Vol 5, Iss , Pp 1-

    2017  Volume 14

    Abstract: The International Union for the Conservation of Nature Red List is the most useful database of species that are at risk of extinction worldwide, as it relies on a number of objective criteria and is now widely adopted. The R package red – IUCN Redlisting ...

    Abstract The International Union for the Conservation of Nature Red List is the most useful database of species that are at risk of extinction worldwide, as it relies on a number of objective criteria and is now widely adopted. The R package red – IUCN Redlisting Tools - performs a number of spatial analyses based on either observed occurrences or estimated ranges. Functions include calculating Extent of Occurrence (EOO), Area of Occupancy (AOO), mapping species ranges, species distribution modelling using climate and land cover and calculating the Red List Index for groups of species. The package allows the calculation of confidence limits for all measures. Spatial data of species occurrences, environmental or land cover variables can be either given by the user or automatically extracted from several online databases. It outputs geographical range, elevation and country values, maps in several formats and vectorial data for visualization in Google Earth. Several examples are shown demonstrating the usefulness of the different methods. The red package constitutes an open platform for further development of new tools to facilitate red list assessments.
    Keywords Area of Occupancy ; Extent of Occurrence ; extinc ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
    Subject code 333
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-10-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Pensoft Publishers
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article ; Online: Decomposing the Causes for Niche Differentiation Between Species Using Hypervolumes

    José Carlos Carvalho / Pedro Cardoso

    Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, Vol

    2020  Volume 8

    Abstract: Hutchinson’s n-dimensional hypervolume concept holds a central role across different fields of ecology and evolution. The question of the amount of hypervolume overlap and differentiation between species is of great interest to understand the processes ... ...

    Abstract Hutchinson’s n-dimensional hypervolume concept holds a central role across different fields of ecology and evolution. The question of the amount of hypervolume overlap and differentiation between species is of great interest to understand the processes that drive niche dynamics, competitive interactions and, ultimately, community assembly. A framework is proposed to decompose overall differentiation among hypervolumes into two distinct components: niche shifts and niche contraction/expansion processes. Niche shift corresponds to the replacement of space between the hypervolumes occupied by two species, whereas niche contraction/expansion processes correspond to net differences between the amount of space enclosed by each hypervolume. A procedure to implement non-continuous trait data in the estimation of n-dimensional hypervolumes is proposed. Hypervolumes were constructed for three Darwin’ finches, Geospiza conirostris, Geospiza magnirostris, and Geospiza difficilis using intraspecific trait data. Results showed that significant niche shifts, not niche contraction, occurred between G. conirostris and G. magnirostris in Genovesa island, where they live in sympatry. This means that G. conirostris occupied a different niche space and not a reduced space on Genovesa. G. difficilis was well differentiated from the other two species. The proposed framework allows disentangling different processes underlying niche partitioning between coexisting species. This framework offers novel insights to understand the drivers of niche partitioning strategies among coexisting species.
    Keywords fundamental niche ; hypervolume ; morphospace ; niche contraction ; niche shift ; realized niche ; Evolution ; QH359-425 ; Ecology ; QH540-549.5
    Subject code 590
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-07-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: An expert-based assessment of global threats and conservation measures for spiders

    Vasco Veiga Branco / Pedro Cardoso

    Global Ecology and Conservation, Vol 24, Iss , Pp e01290- (2020)

    2020  

    Abstract: Despite the prominent role of spiders in most ecosystems, these invertebrates are still notably endangered as well as underrepresented in current conservation efforts. We sent a survey to spider experts and enthusiasts belonging to arachnological ... ...

    Abstract Despite the prominent role of spiders in most ecosystems, these invertebrates are still notably endangered as well as underrepresented in current conservation efforts. We sent a survey to spider experts and enthusiasts belonging to arachnological societies across the globe to determine the general consensus on globally relevant threats to spiders as well as the most relevant conservation measures. We report that respondents found agriculture, livestock farming & forestry, climate change, urbanisation and pollution (including pesticides) to be the most relevant threats to spider species worldwide. Likewise, land protection and education & awareness were considered the most relevant conservation measures to avoid species declines and extinctions. Although these results tend to be consistent across the biogeographic regions of expertise of respondents, there was significant variation between regions. We discuss the support and justification for the patterns found, their regional variations, and the relevance of threats and conservation measures. This is the first global roadmap for spider species conservation action and research. In general, land should be set aside for species protection, agroforestry practices should be carefully considered, climate change should be mitigated, and the general public should be made more aware of spiders, their importance and the threats they face.
    Keywords Araneae ; Endangered species ; Extinctions ; Invertebrate conservation ; Population declines ; Survey ; Ecology ; QH540-549.5
    Subject code 333
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-12-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Elsevier
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article: Quality in Endoscopy: It's Time for an Audit!

    Figueiredo, Pedro Cardoso

    GE Portuguese journal of gastroenterology

    2017  Volume 24, Issue 5, Page(s) 209–210

    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-08-12
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Editorial
    ZDB-ID 2835774-7
    ISSN 2387-1954 ; 2341-4545
    ISSN (online) 2387-1954
    ISSN 2341-4545
    DOI 10.1159/000479321
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Exchange-traded funds as an alternative investment option

    António Afonso / Pedro Cardoso

    Notas Económicas, Iss

    2019  Volume 48

    Abstract: We conduct an analysis of Exchange-traded Funds (ETFs), Index and Equity mutual funds and their respective benchmark during the 2010-2015 period for the Portuguese fund industry. For the period 2010-2017, we test ETFs for price inefficiency (existence of ...

    Abstract We conduct an analysis of Exchange-traded Funds (ETFs), Index and Equity mutual funds and their respective benchmark during the 2010-2015 period for the Portuguese fund industry. For the period 2010-2017, we test ETFs for price inefficiency (existence of deviations between prices and the Net Asset Value) and persistence. We find that the studied ETF does not always outperform index funds in replicating the variations of the PSI 20 index, despite exhibiting better tracking ability when facing downside deviations of the benchmark and a better capacity of smoothing tracking deviations. Regarding ETFs price efficiency and its persistence, the study reveals that the examined ETF is priced at a low average discount with evidence of deviations persistence of at least two days. The investment schemes with the highest ability to track the PSI 20 Index were PSI20 (ETF), BBVA PPA Índice PSI20, and the equity mutual fund BPI Portugal.
    Keywords Exchange-traded fund ; mutual fund ; performance evaluation ; tracking error ; price efficiency ; Economic history and conditions ; HC10-1085 ; Economics as a science ; HB71-74
    Subject code 332
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-06-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Coimbra University Press
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  6. Article ; Online: Dirichlet process mixture models to impute missing predictor data in counterfactual prediction models

    Pedro Cardoso / John M. Dennis / Jack Bowden / Beverley M. Shields / Trevelyan J. McKinley / the MASTERMIND Consortium

    BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making, Vol 24, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    an application to predict optimal type 2 diabetes therapy

    2024  Volume 15

    Abstract: Abstract Background The handling of missing data is a challenge for inference and regression modelling. A particular challenge is dealing with missing predictor information, particularly when trying to build and make predictions from models for use in ... ...

    Abstract Abstract Background The handling of missing data is a challenge for inference and regression modelling. A particular challenge is dealing with missing predictor information, particularly when trying to build and make predictions from models for use in clinical practice. Methods We utilise a flexible Bayesian approach for handling missing predictor information in regression models. This provides practitioners with full posterior predictive distributions for both the missing predictor information (conditional on the observed predictors) and the outcome-of-interest. We apply this approach to a previously proposed counterfactual treatment selection model for type 2 diabetes second-line therapies. Our approach combines a regression model and a Dirichlet process mixture model (DPMM), where the former defines the treatment selection model, and the latter provides a flexible way to model the joint distribution of the predictors. Results We show that DPMMs can model complex relationships between predictor variables and can provide powerful means of fitting models to incomplete data (under missing-completely-at-random and missing-at-random assumptions). This framework ensures that the posterior distribution for the parameters and the conditional average treatment effect estimates automatically reflect the additional uncertainties associated with missing data due to the hierarchical model structure. We also demonstrate that in the presence of multiple missing predictors, the DPMM model can be used to explore which variable(s), if collected, could provide the most additional information about the likely outcome. Conclusions When developing clinical prediction models, DPMMs offer a flexible way to model complex covariate structures and handle missing predictor information. DPMM-based counterfactual prediction models can also provide additional information to support clinical decision-making, including allowing predictions with appropriate uncertainty to be made for individuals with incomplete predictor data.
    Keywords Dirichlet process mixture model ; Treatment selection model ; Precision medicine ; Type 2 diabetes ; Bayesian modelling ; Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics ; R858-859.7
    Subject code 310
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher BMC
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  7. Article ; Online: Description of the male of the Critically Endangered tarantula Typhochlaena curumim Bertani, 2012 (Araneae, Theraphosidae), with comments on tarantula trade and conservation

    Caroline Sayuri Fukushima / Pedro Cardoso / Rogério Bertani

    ZooKeys, Vol 938, Iss , Pp 125-

    2020  Volume 136

    Abstract: The genus Typhochlaena C.L. Koch, 1850 consists of five small size arboreal tarantula species with remarkable colored abdominal patterns and a very restricted geographic range in Brazil. Here, we describe the male of Typhochlaena curumim Bertani, 2012, ... ...

    Abstract The genus Typhochlaena C.L. Koch, 1850 consists of five small size arboreal tarantula species with remarkable colored abdominal patterns and a very restricted geographic range in Brazil. Here, we describe the male of Typhochlaena curumim Bertani, 2012, which was collected in an area of Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest. The new record extends the northern limit of the geographic range for both the genus and species. As Typhochlaena spp. are now especially popular and requested in the pet market, and because T. curumim is classified as Critically Endangered, we discuss the impacts of the international trade and other challenges on conservation of the genus.
    Keywords Zoology ; QL1-991
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-06-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Pensoft Publishers
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  8. Article ; Online: Therapeutic Drug Monitoring by Pharmacists

    Pedro Cardoso / C. Santos / Francisco Rocha-Gonçalves

    Global Journal on Quality and Safety in Healthcare, Pp 69-

    Does It Reduce Costs?

    2020  Volume 71

    Abstract: Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) has as its main objective to ensure that the plasma drug concentration remains within the appropriate range. Regarding the economic dimension of TDM, it is known that there are gains in health outcomes; however, there is ...

    Abstract Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) has as its main objective to ensure that the plasma drug concentration remains within the appropriate range. Regarding the economic dimension of TDM, it is known that there are gains in health outcomes; however, there is still little evidence for the benefit of this procedure performed by pharmacists within the hospital context. With this project, we aimed to create a matrix of cost avoidance associated with TDM performed by pharmacists and to quantify the total avoided costs in 1 year, by implementing a TDM process in a tertiary hospital. For the studied period, we collected 362 pharmaceutical interventions related to TDM of antibiotics performed in adults. As a result, considering these data, the total cost avoidance in 1 year was 371,018€ ($416,584.58) at one medical center. We conclude that TDM is highly cost-avoidant and that the implementation costs by pharmaceutical services is clearly lower than the benefit achieved.
    Keywords pharmacy ; tdm ; implementation costs ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
    Subject code 360
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-05-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Innovative Healthcare Institute
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  9. Article ; Online: Rhabdomyolysis Following Administration of Comirnaty®

    Catarina Elias / Pedro Cardoso / Diana Gonçalves / Inês Vaz / Leila Cardoso

    European Journal of Case Reports in Internal Medicine (2021)

    2021  

    Abstract: Introduction: Vaccination against COVID-19 is essential to control the pandemic. The vaccines developed so far have good safety profiles but full knowledge of adverse effects will only be acquired with time and through case reports. Case Description: We ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: Vaccination against COVID-19 is essential to control the pandemic. The vaccines developed so far have good safety profiles but full knowledge of adverse effects will only be acquired with time and through case reports. Case Description: We present the case of a man admitted with rhabdomyolysis 3 days after receiving his first dose of the Pfizer coronavirus vaccine Comirnaty® Other traumatic, infectious, endocrine, electrolyte disturbance and autoimmune causes of rhabdomyolysis were excluded. The temporal relationship between vaccine administration and disease onset indicated possible causality. The patient had a favourable evolution after receiving fluids and completely recovered. To our knowledge, there have been only 69 reports of rhabdomyolysis following Comirnaty® administration in Europe, as stated by the European Medicines Agency, and this is the first case report in Portugal. Discussion: When a patient presents with rhabdomyolysis without an obvious traumatic or exertional cause, other aetiologies need to be excluded. Drug use is one of the most common causes of rhabdomyolysis in adults. Conclusion: We present a case compatible with an adverse effect of Comirnaty® in order to raise awareness of this condition in vaccinated patients.
    Keywords rhabdomyolysis ; vaccination ; covid-19 ; comirnaty ; Medicine ; R
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-08-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher SMC MEDIA SRL
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  10. Article ; Online: Insect threats and conservation through the lens of global experts

    Marija Miličić / Snežana Popov / Vasco Veiga Branco / Pedro Cardoso

    Conservation Letters, Vol 14, Iss 4, Pp n/a-n/a (2021)

    2021  

    Abstract: Abstract While several recent studies have focused on global insect population trends, all are limited in either space or taxonomic scope. As global monitoring programs for insects are currently not implemented, inherent biases exist within most data. ... ...

    Abstract Abstract While several recent studies have focused on global insect population trends, all are limited in either space or taxonomic scope. As global monitoring programs for insects are currently not implemented, inherent biases exist within most data. Expert opinion, which is often widely available, proves to be a valuable tool where hard data are limited. Our aim is to use global expert opinion to provide insights on the root causes of potential insect declines worldwide, as well as on effective conservation strategies that could mitigate insect biodiversity loss. We obtained 753 responses from 413 respondents with a wide variety of spatial and taxonomic expertise. The most relevant threats identified through the survey were agriculture and climate change, followed by pollution, while land management and land protection were recognized as the most significant conservation measures. Nevertheless, there were differences across regions and insect groups, reflecting the variability within the most diverse class of eukaryotic organisms on our planet. Lack of answers for certain biogeographic regions or taxa also reflects the need for research in less investigated settings. Our results provide a novel step toward understanding global threats and conservation measures for insects.
    Keywords agriculture ; biodiversity decline ; climate change ; conservation measures ; ecosystem services ; expert opinion ; General. Including nature conservation ; geographical distribution ; QH1-199.5
    Subject code 333
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-07-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Wiley
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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