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  1. Article ; Online: Biodistribution and radiation dosimetry of 124I-mIBG in adult patients with neural crest tumours and extrapolation to paediatric models

    Alexandros Moraitis / Walter Jentzen / Gloria Reiter / Jochen Schmitz / Thorsten Dirk Pöppel / Manuel Weber / Ken Herrmann / Wolfgang Peter Fendler / Pedro Fragoso Costa / Andreas Bockisch / David Kersting

    EJNMMI Physics, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2024  Volume 14

    Abstract: Abstract Aim Positron emission tomography (PET) using 124I-mIBG has been established for imaging and pretherapeutic dosimetry. Here, we report the first systematic analysis of the biodistribution and radiation dosimetry of 124I-mIBG in patients with ... ...

    Abstract Abstract Aim Positron emission tomography (PET) using 124I-mIBG has been established for imaging and pretherapeutic dosimetry. Here, we report the first systematic analysis of the biodistribution and radiation dosimetry of 124I-mIBG in patients with neural crest tumours and project the results to paediatric patient models. Methods Adult patients with neural crest tumours who underwent sequential 124I-mIBG PET were included in this retrospective single-center analysis. PET data were acquired 4, 24, 48, and/or 120 h after administration of a mean of 43 MBq 124I-mIBG. Whole-body counting and blood sampling were performed at 2, 4, 24, 48 and 120 h after administration. Absorbed organ dose and effective dose coefficients were estimated in OLINDA/EXM 2.2 according to the MIRD formalism. Extrapolation to paediatric models was performed based on mass-fraction scaling of the organ-specific residence times. Biodistribution data for adults were also projected to 123I-mIBG and 131I-mIBG. Results Twenty-one patients (11 females, 10 males) were evaluated. For adults, the organs exposed to the highest dose per unit administered activity were urinary bladder (1.54 ± 0.40 mGy/MBq), salivary glands (0.77 ± 0.28 mGy/MBq) and liver (0.65 ± 0.22 mGy/MBq). Mean effective dose coefficient for adults was 0.25 ± 0.04 mSv/MBq (male: 0.24 ± 0.03 mSv/MBq, female: 0.26 ± 0.06 mSv/MBq), and increased gradually to 0.29, 0.44, 0.69, 1.21, and 2.94 mSv/MBq for the 15-, 10-, 5-, 1-years-old, and newborn paediatric reference patients. Projected mean effective dose coefficients for 123I-mIBG and 131I-mIBG for adults were 0.014 ± 0.002 mSv/MBq and 0.18 ± 0.04 mSv/MBq, respectively. Conclusion PET-based derived radiation dosimetry data for 124I-mIBG from this study agreed well with historical projected data from ICRP 53. The effective dose coefficients presented here may aid in guidance for establishing weight-based activity administration protocols.
    Keywords Dosimetry ; 124I-mIBG ; PET ; Effective dose ; Neural crest tumour ; Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine ; R895-920
    Subject code 616
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher SpringerOpen
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article ; Online: Evaluation of [68Ga]Ga-PSMA PET/CT images acquired with a reduced scan time duration in prostate cancer patients using the digital biograph vision

    Manuel Weber / Walter Jentzen / Regina Hofferber / Ken Herrmann / Wolfgang Peter Fendler / Maurizio Conti / Axel Wetter / David Kersting / Christoph Rischpler / Pedro Fragoso Costa

    EJNMMI Research, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2021  Volume 12

    Abstract: Abstract Aim [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT allows for a superior detection of prostate cancer tissue, especially in the context of a low tumor burden. Digital PET/CT bears the potential of reducing scan time duration/administered tracer activity due to, for ... ...

    Abstract Abstract Aim [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT allows for a superior detection of prostate cancer tissue, especially in the context of a low tumor burden. Digital PET/CT bears the potential of reducing scan time duration/administered tracer activity due to, for instance, its higher sensitivity and improved time coincidence resolution. It might thereby expand [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT that is currently limited by 68Ge/68Ga-generator yield. Our aim was to clinically evaluate the influence of a reduced scan time duration in combination with different image reconstruction algorithms on the diagnostic performance. Methods Twenty prostate cancer patients (11 for biochemical recurrence, 5 for initial staging, 4 for metastatic disease) sequentially underwent [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT on a digital Siemens Biograph Vision. PET data were collected in continuous-bed-motion mode with a mean scan time duration of 16.7 min (reference acquisition protocol) and 4.6 min (reduced acquisition protocol). Four iterative reconstruction algorithms were applied using a time-of-flight (TOF) approach alone or combined with point-spread-function (PSF) correction, each with 2 or 4 iterations. To evaluate the diagnostic performance, the following metrics were chosen: (a) per-region detectability, (b) the tumor maximum and peak standardized uptake values (SUVmax and SUVpeak), and (c) image noise using the liver’s activity distribution. Results Overall, 98% of regions (91% of affected regions) were correctly classified in the reduced acquisition protocol independent of the image reconstruction algorithm. Two nodal lesions (each ≤ 4 mm) were not identified (leading to downstaging in 1/20 cases). Mean absolute percentage deviation of SUVmax (SUVpeak) was approximately 9% (6%) for each reconstruction algorithm. The mean image noise increased from 13 to 21% (4 iterations) and from 10 to 15% (2 iterations) for PSF + TOF and TOF images. Conclusions High agreement at 3.5-fold reduction of scan time in terms of per-region detection (98% of regions) and image quantification (mean deviation ≤ 10%) was demonstrated; however, small lesions can be missed in about 10% of patients leading to downstaging (T1N0M0 instead of T1N1M0) in 5% of patients. Our results suggest that a reduction of scan time duration or administered [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 activities can be considered in metastatic patients, where missing small lesions would not impact patient management. Limitations include the small and heterogeneous sample size and the lack of follow-up.
    Keywords PET/CT ; PSMA ; Image quality ; Silicon photomultiplier ; Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine ; R895-920
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-02-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher SpringerOpen
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: Enzalutamide Enhances PSMA Expression of PSMA-Low Prostate Cancer

    Magdalena Staniszewska / Pedro Fragoso Costa / Matthias Eiber / Jasmin M. Klose / Jasmin Wosniack / Henning Reis / Tibor Szarvas / Boris Hadaschik / Katharina Lückerath / Ken Herrmann / Wolfgang P. Fendler / Janette Iking

    International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 22, Iss 7431, p

    2021  Volume 7431

    Abstract: Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-directed radioligand therapy (RLT) prolongs overall survival in men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). However, men with low PSMA expression are excluded from RLT. We explored the ... ...

    Abstract Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-directed radioligand therapy (RLT) prolongs overall survival in men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). However, men with low PSMA expression are excluded from RLT. We explored the effect of androgen receptor blockade with enzalutamide on PSMA expression. Assessment of PSMA and androgen receptor (AR) expression on the human PC cell lines 22Rv1, C4-2, and LNCaP by immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry revealed low (22Rv1) and high (C4-2 and LNCaP) PSMA expression, and high, comparable AR positivity. Treatment with enzalutamide increased PSMA levels in 22Rv1, C4-2, and LNCaP (2.2/2.3/2.6-fold, p = 0.0005/0.03/0.046) after one week compared to DMSO-treated controls as assessed by flow cytometry. NOD/Scid mice bearing 22Rv1 tumors were treated with enzalutamide for two weeks. Positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) demonstrated higher tumor uptake of 68 Ga-PSMA after enzalutamide treatment ( p = 0.004). Similarly, a clinical case with low baseline PSMA avidity demonstrated increased uptake of 68 Ga-PSMA after enzalutamide on PET/CT and post-therapeutic 177 Lu-PSMA scintigraphy in a patient with mCRPC. Enzalutamide induced PSMA expression in the 22Rv1 xenograft model and in an mCRPC patient, both with low baseline tumoral PSMA levels. Therefore, enzalutamide pre-treatment might render patients with low PSMA expression eligible for 177 Lu-PSMA RLT.
    Keywords PSMA ; prostate cancer ; enzalutamide ; androgen receptor blockade ; PET ; CT ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-07-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article ; Online: Increased longevity due to sexual activity in mole-rats is associated with transcriptional changes in the HPA stress axis

    Arne Sahm / Matthias Platzer / Philipp Koch / Yoshiyuki Henning / Martin Bens / Marco Groth / Hynek Burda / Sabine Begall / Saskia Ting / Moritz Goetz / Paul Van Daele / Magdalena Staniszewska / Jasmin Mona Klose / Pedro Fragoso Costa / Steve Hoffmann / Karol Szafranski / Philip Dammann

    eLife, Vol

    2021  Volume 10

    Abstract: Sexual activity and/or reproduction are associated with a doubling of life expectancy in the long-lived rodent genus Fukomys. To investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying this phenomenon, we analyzed 636 RNA-seq samples across 15 tissues. This ... ...

    Abstract Sexual activity and/or reproduction are associated with a doubling of life expectancy in the long-lived rodent genus Fukomys. To investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying this phenomenon, we analyzed 636 RNA-seq samples across 15 tissues. This analysis suggests that changes in the regulation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal stress axis play a key role regarding the extended life expectancy of reproductive vs. non-reproductive mole-rats. This is substantiated by a corpus of independent evidence. In accordance with previous studies, the up-regulation of the proteasome and so-called ‘anti-aging molecules’, for example, dehydroepiandrosterone, is linked with enhanced lifespan. On the other hand, several of our results are not consistent with knowledge about aging of short-lived model organisms. For example, we found the up-regulation of the insulin-like growth factor 1/growth hormone axis and several other anabolic processes to be compatible with a considerable lifespan prolongation. These contradictions question the extent to which findings from short-lived species can be transferred to longer-lived ones.
    Keywords Fukomys ; lifespan ; hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis ; ACTHR ; differential gene expression ; DHEA ; Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-03-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher eLife Sciences Publications Ltd
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article ; Online: Best practice for the nuclear medicine technologist in CT-based attenuation correction and calcium score for nuclear cardiology

    Luca Camoni / Andrea Santos / Marieclaire Attard / Marius Ovidiu Mada / Agata Karolina Pietrzak / Sonja Rac / Sebastijan Rep / Christelle Terwinghe / Pedro Fragoso Costa / on behalf of the Technologist Committee of the European Association of Nuclear Medicine (EANM)

    European Journal of Hybrid Imaging, Vol 4, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2020  Volume 20

    Abstract: Abstract The use of hybrid systems is increasingly growing in Europe and this is progressively important for the final result of diagnostic tests. As an integral part of the hybrid imaging system, computed tomography (CT) plays a crucial role in ... ...

    Abstract Abstract The use of hybrid systems is increasingly growing in Europe and this is progressively important for the final result of diagnostic tests. As an integral part of the hybrid imaging system, computed tomography (CT) plays a crucial role in myocardial perfusion imaging diagnostics. Throughout Europe, a variety of equipment is available and also different university curricula of the nuclear medicine technologist are observed. Hence, the Technologist Committee of the European Association of Nuclear Medicine proposes to identify, through a bibliographic review, the recommendations for best practice in computed tomography applied to attenuation correction and calcium score in myocardial perfusion imaging, which courses in the set of knowledge, skills, and competencies for nuclear medicine technologists. This document aims at providing recommendations for CT acquisition protocols and CT image optimization in nuclear cardiology.
    Keywords Myocardial perfusion imaging ; CT ; Attenuation correction ; Calcium score ; Nuclear medicine technologist ; Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine ; R895-920
    Subject code 001
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-07-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher SpringerOpen
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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