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  1. Book: NeuroAnalysis

    Peled, Avi

    bridging the gap between neuroscience, psychoanalysis, and psychiatry

    2008  

    Author's details Avi Peled
    Keywords Mental Disorders / diagnosis ; Neuropsychology ; Computational Biology
    Language English
    Size VIII, 150 S. : Ill., graph. Darst.
    Publisher Routledge
    Publishing place London u.a.
    Publishing country Great Britain
    Document type Book
    HBZ-ID HT015497127
    ISBN 978-0-415-45132-1 ; 978-0-415-45133-8 ; 0-415-45132-9 ; 0-415-45133-7
    Database Catalogue ZB MED Medicine, Health

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  2. Article ; Online: Proteolytic and Antiproteolytic Activity in the Skin: Gluing the Pieces Together.

    Peled, Alon / Sprecher, Eli

    The Journal of investigative dermatology

    2023  Volume 144, Issue 3, Page(s) 466–473

    Abstract: Epidermal differentiation is ultimately aimed at the formation of a functional barrier capable of protecting the organism from the environment while preventing loss of biologically vital elements. Epidermal differentiation entails a delicately regulated ... ...

    Abstract Epidermal differentiation is ultimately aimed at the formation of a functional barrier capable of protecting the organism from the environment while preventing loss of biologically vital elements. Epidermal differentiation entails a delicately regulated process of cell-cell junction formation and dissolution to enable upward cell migration and desquamation. Over the past two decades, the deciphering of the genetic basis of a number of inherited conditions has delineated the pivotal role played in this process by a series of proteases and protease inhibitors, including serpins, cathepsins, and cystatins, suggesting novel avenues for therapeutic intervention in both rare and common disorders of cornification.
    MeSH term(s) Skin ; Peptide Hydrolases/genetics ; Protease Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Cathepsins/genetics ; Endopeptidases
    Chemical Substances Peptide Hydrolases (EC 3.4.-) ; Protease Inhibitors ; Cathepsins (EC 3.4.-) ; Endopeptidases (EC 3.4.-)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-20
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 80136-7
    ISSN 1523-1747 ; 0022-202X
    ISSN (online) 1523-1747
    ISSN 0022-202X
    DOI 10.1016/j.jid.2023.08.010
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: BioNTech COVID-19 (BNT162b2) Vaccination and Varicella Zoster Reactivation: A Comprehensive Cross-sectional Study.

    Azrielant, Shir / Levin, Yair / Peled, Alon / Samuelov, Liat / Sprecher, Eli / Pavlovsky, Mor

    Acta dermato-venereologica

    2024  Volume 104, Page(s) adv18389

    Abstract: Herpes zoster (HZ) results from reactivation of latent varicella-zoster virus. Recent observations have suggested that HZ is associated with vaccination against COVID-19. To investigate the association between the vaccine and HZ severity, a single-centre, ...

    Abstract Herpes zoster (HZ) results from reactivation of latent varicella-zoster virus. Recent observations have suggested that HZ is associated with vaccination against COVID-19. To investigate the association between the vaccine and HZ severity, a single-centre, cross-sectional study of all patients diagnosed with HZ and 2 control diagnoses (cellulitis and bone fractures), between 2017 and 2021, was performed. Hospital visits and hospitalization rates were compared. All medical records of patients diagnosed with HZ in the first year after the COVID-19 vaccination campaign began were reviewed, in order to generate a retrospective cohort comparing vaccinated and unvaccinated patients with HZ. All participants had received the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 (BNT162b2) vaccine. During the study period, 2,413 patients were diagnosed with HZ, and when normalized to control diagnoses the number of cases remained stable. The retrospective cohort included 365 patients. A multivariate analysis controlling for sex, age, autoimmune diseases, malignancies, and immunosuppressive therapy showed higher admission rates in vaccinated compared with unvaccinated individuals (odds ratio (OR) 2.75, 95% CI 1.27-5.96, p = 0.01). However, matching techniques and stratification by age, used to better control for confounders, invalidated these findings. No differences were observed in other variables indicative of disease severity (hospital stay length and complications). In conclusion, COVID-19 vaccination was not found to be associated with an increased risk of HZ-related admission and complications.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; BNT162 Vaccine/adverse effects ; Chickenpox ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; COVID-19 Vaccines/adverse effects ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Herpes Zoster/epidemiology ; Herpes Zoster/prevention & control ; Herpesvirus 3, Human ; Retrospective Studies ; Vaccination
    Chemical Substances BNT162 Vaccine ; COVID-19 Vaccines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-12
    Publishing country Sweden
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 80007-7
    ISSN 1651-2057 ; 0001-5555
    ISSN (online) 1651-2057
    ISSN 0001-5555
    DOI 10.2340/actadv.v104.18389
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: MolOptimizer: A Molecular Optimization Toolkit for Fragment-Based Drug Design.

    Soffer, Adam / Viswas, Samuel Joshua / Alon, Shahar / Rozenberg, Nofar / Peled, Amit / Piro, Daniel / Vilenchik, Dan / Akabayov, Barak

    Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)

    2024  Volume 29, Issue 1

    Abstract: MolOptimizer is a user-friendly computational toolkit designed to streamline the hit-to-lead optimization process in drug discovery. MolOptimizer extracts features and trains machine learning models using a user-provided, labeled, and small-molecule ... ...

    Abstract MolOptimizer is a user-friendly computational toolkit designed to streamline the hit-to-lead optimization process in drug discovery. MolOptimizer extracts features and trains machine learning models using a user-provided, labeled, and small-molecule dataset to accurately predict the binding values of new small molecules that share similar scaffolds with the target in focus. Hosted on the Azure web-based server, MolOptimizer emerges as a vital resource, accelerating the discovery and development of novel drug candidates with improved binding properties.
    MeSH term(s) Drug Design ; Drug Discovery ; Machine Learning
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-04
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1413402-0
    ISSN 1420-3049 ; 1431-5165 ; 1420-3049
    ISSN (online) 1420-3049
    ISSN 1431-5165 ; 1420-3049
    DOI 10.3390/molecules29010276
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Brain "Globalopathies" cause mental disorders.

    Peled, Abraham

    Medical hypotheses

    2013  Volume 81, Issue 6, Page(s) 1046–1055

    Abstract: Consciousness" "mood," "identity" and "personality" are all emergent properties from whole-brain organizations; these are typically disturbed in psychiatric disorders. This work proposes that the underlying etiopathology of mental disorders originates ... ...

    Abstract "Consciousness" "mood," "identity" and "personality" are all emergent properties from whole-brain organizations; these are typically disturbed in psychiatric disorders. This work proposes that the underlying etiopathology of mental disorders originates from disturbances to global brain dynamics, or "Globalopathies" that are divided into three major interdependent types (1) "Resting-State Networkpathies," in personality disorders, (2) "Entropiathies" in mood disorders, and (3) "Connectopathies" in psychosis and schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Novel approaches of processing signals from the brain are beginning to reveal brain organization in health and disease. For example a "small world network" has been described for optimal brain functions and breakdown of that organization might underlie relevant psychiatric manifestations. A novel diagnostic reformulation can be generated based on pathologies of whole brain organizations, such new brain related diagnostic nosology is testable and thus can be validated. Once validated Globalopathies can provide for "Global-therapies" i.e., interventions that can reorganize the brain and cure psychiatric disorders. The technology for such interventions is becoming available.
    MeSH term(s) Brain/physiopathology ; Humans ; Mental Disorders/classification ; Mental Disorders/diagnosis ; Mental Disorders/etiology ; Mental Disorders/pathology ; Models, Neurological ; Nerve Net/physiopathology ; Neuronal Plasticity/physiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-12
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 193145-3
    ISSN 1532-2777 ; 0306-9877
    ISSN (online) 1532-2777
    ISSN 0306-9877
    DOI 10.1016/j.mehy.2013.09.032
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Identification of Risk Factors for Gliptin-associated Bullous Pemphigoid among Diabetic Patients.

    Shalmon, Dana / Bar-Ilan, Efrat / Peled, Alon / Geller, Shamir / Bar, Jonathan / Schwartz, Naama / Sprecher, Eli / Pavlovsky, Mor

    Acta dermato-venereologica

    2024  Volume 104, Page(s) adv26663

    Abstract: Drug-associated bullous pemphigoid has been shown to follow long-term gliptin (dipeptidyl-peptidase 4 inhibitors) intake. This study aimed at identifying risk factors for gliptin-associated bullous pemphigoid among patients with type 2 diabetes. A ... ...

    Abstract Drug-associated bullous pemphigoid has been shown to follow long-term gliptin (dipeptidyl-peptidase 4 inhibitors) intake. This study aimed at identifying risk factors for gliptin-associated bullous pemphigoid among patients with type 2 diabetes. A retrospective study was conducted in a tertiary centre among diabetic patients exposed to gliptins between the years 2008-2021. Data including demographics, comorbidities, medications, and laboratory results were collected using the MDClone platform. Seventy-six patients with type 2 diabetes treated with dipeptidyl-peptidase 4 inhibitors who subsequently developed bullous pemphigoid were compared with a cohort of 8,060 diabetic patients exposed to dipeptidyl-peptidase 4 inhibitors who did not develop bullous pemphigoid. Based on a multivariable analysis adjusted for age and other covariates, Alzheimer's disease and other dementias were significantly more prevalent in patients with bullous pemphigoid (p = 0.0013). Concomitant use of either thiazide or loop diuretics and gliptin therapy was associated with drug-associated bullous pemphigoid (p < 0.0001 for both). While compared with sitagliptin, exposure to linagliptin and vildagliptin were associated with bullous pemphigoid with an odds ratio of 5.68 and 6.61 (p < 0.0001 for both), respectively. These results suggest gliptins should be prescribed with caution to patients with type 2 diabetes with coexisting Alzheimer's and other dementias, or patients receiving long-term use of thiazides and loop diuretics. The use of sitagliptin over linagliptin and vildagliptin should be preferred in these patients.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors/adverse effects ; Vildagliptin/adverse effects ; Pemphigoid, Bullous/chemically induced ; Pemphigoid, Bullous/diagnosis ; Pemphigoid, Bullous/epidemiology ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/drug therapy ; Linagliptin/adverse effects ; Retrospective Studies ; Sodium Potassium Chloride Symporter Inhibitors/therapeutic use ; Risk Factors ; Sitagliptin Phosphate/adverse effects ; Dementia/chemically induced ; Dementia/drug therapy
    Chemical Substances Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors ; Vildagliptin (I6B4B2U96P) ; Linagliptin (3X29ZEJ4R2) ; Sodium Potassium Chloride Symporter Inhibitors ; Sitagliptin Phosphate (TS63EW8X6F)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-04
    Publishing country Sweden
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 80007-7
    ISSN 1651-2057 ; 0001-5555
    ISSN (online) 1651-2057
    ISSN 0001-5555
    DOI 10.2340/actadv.v104.26663
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Visual impairment and cognitive performance: A nationwide study of 1.4 million adolescents.

    Nitzan, Itay / Derazne, Estela / Afek, Arnon / Einan-Lifshitz, Adi / Morad, Yair / Yahalom, Claudia / Peled, Alon

    Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists)

    2024  

    Abstract: Purpose: Previous research highlights the adverse effects of visual impairment (VI) on academic achievement in children, yet its impact on cognitive performance among adolescents and young adults remains under-studied. Therefore, this investigation ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: Previous research highlights the adverse effects of visual impairment (VI) on academic achievement in children, yet its impact on cognitive performance among adolescents and young adults remains under-studied. Therefore, this investigation aimed to analyse this association in a nationwide sample of Israeli adolescents.
    Methods: A retrospective population-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 1,410,616 Israeli-born adolescents aged 16-19 years, who were assessed before mandatory military service between 1993 and 2017. The definition of VI was based on best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) measurements using a standard Snellen chart. Adolescents with BCVA worse than 6/9 in either or both eyes were classified as having unilateral or bilateral VI, respectively. Cognitive performance was measured using the General Intelligence Score (GIS), based on a validated four-domain test. Relationships were analysed using regression models yielding adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for low (<-1 standard deviation [SD]) and high (≥1 SD) cognitive Z-scores.
    Results: Of 1,410,616 adolescents (56.1% men), 13,773 (1.0%) had unilateral and 3980 (0.3%) had bilateral VI. Unilateral VI was associated with adjusted ORs for low and high cognitive Z-scores of 1.24 (1.19-1.30) and 0.84 (0.80-0.89), respectively. ORs were accentuated for bilateral VI, reaching 1.62 (1.50-1.75) and 0.81 (0.74-0.90) for low and high cognitive Z-scores, respectively. Cognitive performance subscores mirrored these results, with the visual-spatial functioning subtest demonstrating the greatest effect size. These associations persisted in sub-analyses restricted to adolescents with amblyopia-related VI, mild VI and unimpaired health status.
    Conclusions: Visual impairment, including mild and unilateral cases, is associated with reduced cognitive performance scores assessed in late adolescence. Further research is required to gain a comprehensive understanding of the dynamics underlying this relationship.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-29
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 604564-9
    ISSN 1475-1313 ; 0275-5408
    ISSN (online) 1475-1313
    ISSN 0275-5408
    DOI 10.1111/opo.13323
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Body mass index and visual impairment in Israeli adolescents: A nationwide study.

    Nitzan, Itay / Shakarchy, Nitzan / Megreli, Jacob / Akavian, Inbal / Derazne, Estela / Afek, Arnon / Peled, Alon

    Pediatric obesity

    2023  Volume 19, Issue 1, Page(s) e13083

    Abstract: Background: Previous research on the association between body mass index (BMI) and visual impairment (VI) in youth has reported inconsistent findings. We aimed to investigate this association in a national cohort of Israeli adolescents.: Methods: ... ...

    Abstract Background: Previous research on the association between body mass index (BMI) and visual impairment (VI) in youth has reported inconsistent findings. We aimed to investigate this association in a national cohort of Israeli adolescents.
    Methods: This retrospective, population-based, cross-sectional study included 1 697 060 adolescents (56.4% men; mean age 17 years) who underwent mandatory pre-military service assessments from 1993 to 2017. BMI was classified based on the US age- and sex-matched percentiles. Unilateral or bilateral VI was classified as best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) worse than 6/9 in either or both eyes, respectively. Sex-stratified regression models adjusted for sociodemographic variables were used to analyse the BMI-VI relationship.
    Results: Overall, 17 871 (1.05%) and 5148 (0.30%) adolescents had unilateral and bilateral VI, respectively. Compared with high-normal BMI (50th to 85th percentile), adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for unilateral and bilateral VI gradually increased with higher BMI, reaching 1.33 (1.13-1.55) and 1.80 (1.37-2.35) in men with severe obesity, and 1.51 (1.24-1.84) and 1.52 (1.08-2.14) in women with severe obesity, respectively. Men with underweight also had increased ORs for unilateral and bilateral VI (1.23; 1.14-1.33 and 1.59; 1.37-1.84, respectively), a pattern not observed in women (0.96; 0.86-1.07 and 1.02; 0.83-1.25, respectively). Results were maintained when the outcome was restricted to mild VI, as well as in subgroups of adolescents with unimpaired health and those without moderate-to-severe myopia.
    Conclusions: Abnormal BMI, and particularly obesity, is associated with increased OR for VI in late adolescence.
    MeSH term(s) Male ; Humans ; Adolescent ; Female ; Body Mass Index ; Retrospective Studies ; Obesity, Morbid/epidemiology ; Israel/epidemiology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Obesity/epidemiology ; Vision Disorders/diagnosis ; Vision Disorders/epidemiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-21
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2655527-X
    ISSN 2047-6310 ; 2047-6302
    ISSN (online) 2047-6310
    ISSN 2047-6302
    DOI 10.1111/ijpo.13083
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: The Definition-Dependent Nature of Myopia Prevalence: A Nationwide Study of 1.5 Million Adolescents.

    Nitzan, Itay / Akavian, Inbal / Einan-Lifshitz, Adi / Shemer, Asaf / Afek, Arnon / Peled, Alon

    Ophthalmic epidemiology

    2023  Volume 30, Issue 5, Page(s) 515–522

    Abstract: Purpose: The application of myopia definition varies considerably within the literature. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between different myopia and high myopia definitions and resultant prevalence estimates.: Methods: A ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: The application of myopia definition varies considerably within the literature. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between different myopia and high myopia definitions and resultant prevalence estimates.
    Methods: A population-based cross-sectional study of 1,588,508 Israeli adolescents assessed for medical fitness before mandatory military service at the age of 17 years between 1993 through 2015. Participants underwent non-cycloplegic autorefraction. Nine definitions of myopia and seven definitions of high myopia were examined. Prevalence estimates for each definition were calculated and compared with the reference definition (right eye spherical equivalent (SE)≤-0.50D and ≤-6.00D for myopia and high myopia, respectively), to yield a rate ratio (RR) across definitions.
    Results: Applying the right eye SE≤-0.50D reference definition yielded 31.0% myopia prevalence. While some definitions resulted in similar prevalence estimates, using the right eye SE of ≤-0.75D; ≤-1.00D or least minus meridian of ≤-0.75D definitions yielded 28.8%, 26.3%, and 26.9% myopia prevalence, respectively, which corresponded to a 7.1%, 15.1% and 13.4% reduction in myopia RR, respectively. The prevalence of high myopia demonstrated considerable alternations, with a 1.7-fold increase in prevalence for the narrower threshold of SE≤-5.00D compared with SE≤-6.00D reference definition (4.2% and 2.4%, respectively).
    Conclusions: The prevalence of myopia and especially high myopia varies between frequently applied definitions, considering diverse thresholds, eye lateralization, and spherical vs. astigmatic refractive components. This variability highlights the pressing need for standardization of myopia definition in ophthalmic research. The results of this study provide crude estimates of a "conversion rate" across data, allowing comparisons between studies that utilize different myopia definitions.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Adolescent ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Myopia/epidemiology ; Refraction, Ocular ; Vision Tests ; Eye ; Prevalence
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-04
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1213070-9
    ISSN 1744-5086 ; 0928-6586
    ISSN (online) 1744-5086
    ISSN 0928-6586
    DOI 10.1080/09286586.2022.2159984
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Neuroanalysis: a method for brain-related neuroscientific diagnosis of mental disorders.

    Peled, Avi

    Medical hypotheses

    2012  Volume 78, Issue 5, Page(s) 636–640

    Abstract: Background: As an Ancient Chinese proverb says "The beginning of wisdom is to call things by their right names" thus we must start calling mental disorders by the names of their underlying brain disturbances. Without knowledge of the causes of mental ... ...

    Abstract Background: As an Ancient Chinese proverb says "The beginning of wisdom is to call things by their right names" thus we must start calling mental disorders by the names of their underlying brain disturbances. Without knowledge of the causes of mental disorders, their cures will remain elusive.
    Methods: Neuroanalysis is a literature-based re-conceptualization of mental disorders as disturbances of brain organization. Psychosis and schizophrenia can be re-conceptualized as disturbances to connectivity and hierarchical dynamics in the brain; mood disorders can be re-conceptualized as disturbances to optimization dynamics and free energy in the brain, and finally personality disorders can be re-conceptualized as disordered default-mode networks in the brain.
    Results and conclusions: Knowledge and awareness of the disease algorithms of mental disorders will become critical because powerful technologies for controlling brain activity are developing and becoming available. The time will soon come when psychiatrists will be asked to define the exact 'algorithms' of disturbances in their psychiatric patients. Neuroanalysis can be a starting point for the response to that challenge.
    MeSH term(s) Accessory Nerve Injuries/physiopathology ; Affect/physiology ; Algorithms ; Anxiety/physiopathology ; Anxiety/psychology ; Brain/physiopathology ; Brain Mapping ; Humans ; Mental Disorders/diagnosis ; Mental Disorders/physiopathology ; Mental Disorders/psychology ; Models, Neurological ; Neuronal Plasticity/physiology ; Personality Disorders/diagnosis ; Personality Disorders/physiopathology ; Personality Disorders/psychology ; Psychotic Disorders/diagnosis ; Schizophrenia/diagnosis
    Language English
    Publishing date 2012-05
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 193145-3
    ISSN 1532-2777 ; 0306-9877
    ISSN (online) 1532-2777
    ISSN 0306-9877
    DOI 10.1016/j.mehy.2012.01.043
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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