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Article ; Online: The role of massive demographic databases in intractable illnesses: Denomics for dementia.

Stecker, Mark M / Peltier, Morgan R / Reiss, Allison B

2022 Volume 9, Issue 3, Page(s) 618–629

Abstract: Despite intensive research, effective treatments for many common and devastating diseases are lacking. For example, huge efforts and billions of dollars have been invested in Alzheimer's disease (AD), which affects over 50 million people worldwide. ... ...

Abstract	Despite intensive research, effective treatments for many common and devastating diseases are lacking. For example, huge efforts and billions of dollars have been invested in Alzheimer's disease (AD), which affects over 50 million people worldwide. However, there is still no effective drug that can slow or cure AD. This relates, in part, to the absence of an animal model or cellular system that incorporates all the relevant features of the disease. Therefore, large scale studies on human populations and tissues will be key to better understanding dementia and developing methods to prevent or treat it. This is especially difficult because the dementia phenotype can result from many different processes and is likely to be affected by multiple personal and environmental variables. We hypothesize that analyzing massive volumes of demographic data that are currently available and combining this with genomic, proteomic, and metabolomic profiles of AD patients and their families, new insights into pathophysiology and treatment of AD may arise. While this requires much coordination and cooperation among large institutions, the potential for advancement would be life-changing for millions of people. In many ways this represents the next step in the information revolution started by the Human Genome Project.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-23
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2777115-5
ISSN	2327-8994 ; 2327-8994
ISSN (online)	2327-8994
ISSN	2327-8994
DOI	10.3934/publichealth.2022043
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Article ; Online: Novel Insights into the Regulatory Role of Nuclear Factor (Erythroid-Derived 2)-Like 2 in Oxidative Stress and Inflammation of Human Fetal Membranes.

Menon, Ramkumar / Peltier, Morgan R

International journal of molecular sciences

2020 Volume 21, Issue 17

Abstract: Fetal membrane dysfunction in response to oxidative stress (OS) is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) is one of the regulators of innate OS response. This study evaluated changes in Nrf2 ... ...

Abstract	Fetal membrane dysfunction in response to oxidative stress (OS) is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) is one of the regulators of innate OS response. This study evaluated changes in Nrf2 expression and its downstream targets heme oxygenase (HO-1) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) in fetal membranes during OS and infection in vitro. Furthermore, we tested the roles of sulforaphane (SFN; an extract from cruciferous vegetables) and trigonelline (TRN; an aromatic compound in coffee) in regulating Nrf2 and its targets. Fetal membranes (
MeSH term(s)	Alkaloids/pharmacology ; Extraembryonic Membranes/metabolism ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects ; Heme Oxygenase-1/metabolism ; Humans ; Interleukin-6/metabolism ; Isothiocyanates/pharmacology ; Lipopolysaccharides/adverse effects ; NF-E2-Related Factor 2/metabolism ; Oxidative Stress ; PPAR gamma/metabolism ; Pregnancy ; Smoke/adverse effects ; Sulfoxides ; Nicotiana ; Up-Regulation
Chemical Substances	Alkaloids ; IL6 protein, human ; Interleukin-6 ; Isothiocyanates ; Lipopolysaccharides ; NF-E2-Related Factor 2 ; NFE2L2 protein, human ; PPAR gamma ; PPARG protein, human ; Smoke ; Sulfoxides ; trigonelline (3NQ9N60I00) ; HMOX1 protein, human (EC 1.14.14.18) ; Heme Oxygenase-1 (EC 1.14.14.18) ; sulforaphane (GA49J4310U)
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-08-26
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2019364-6
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
ISSN (online)	1422-0067
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
DOI	10.3390/ijms21176139
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Article ; Online: Ex vivo toxicity of E-cigarette constituents on human placental tissues.

Potter, Nicole A / Arita, Yuko / Peltier, Morgan R / Zelikoff, Judith T

Journal of reproductive immunology

2022 Volume 154, Page(s) 103737

Abstract: Globally, ∼50 % of women smoke during pregnancy and the prevalence of vaping is increasing among women of reproductive age. However, the health effects of vaping during pregnancy are largely unknown. This study examined the effects of e-cig constituents ... ...

Abstract	Globally, ∼50 % of women smoke during pregnancy and the prevalence of vaping is increasing among women of reproductive age. However, the health effects of vaping during pregnancy are largely unknown. This study examined the effects of e-cig constituents alone and in combination (propylene glycol [PG], vegetable glycerin [VG], and nicotine) on human placental tissue viability (MTT assay) and immunoassayed levels of placenta-derived biomarkers, i.e., 8-isoprostane (8-IsoP), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), β-estradiol (E
MeSH term(s)	Pregnancy ; Female ; Humans ; Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems ; Nicotine/adverse effects ; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor ; Interleukin-6 ; Placenta ; Propylene Glycol/pharmacology ; Glycerol/pharmacology
Chemical Substances	Nicotine (6M3C89ZY6R) ; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor ; Interleukin-6 ; Propylene Glycol (6DC9Q167V3) ; Glycerol (PDC6A3C0OX)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-30
Publishing country	Ireland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	424421-7
ISSN	1872-7603 ; 0165-0378
ISSN (online)	1872-7603
ISSN	0165-0378
DOI	10.1016/j.jri.2022.103737
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Article ; Online: Rising Trends of Childhood Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in a Large Integrated Healthcare Delivery System in Southern California, 2010-2021.

Khadka, Nehaa / Peltier, Morgan R / Fassett, Michael J / Mensah, Nana A / Yeh, Meiyu / Chiu, Vicki Y / Oyelese, Yinka / Getahun, Darios

The Journal of pediatrics

2024 Volume 269, Page(s) 113997

Abstract: Objective: To evaluate trends of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) diagnosis rates among children aged 5-17 years over the past decade (2010-2021) and to investigate whether there have been differences in temporal changes based on race and ...

Abstract	Objective: To evaluate trends of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) diagnosis rates among children aged 5-17 years over the past decade (2010-2021) and to investigate whether there have been differences in temporal changes based on race and ethnicity, sex, or income. Study design: Childhood ADHD diagnosis was ascertained from electronic health records using International Classification of Diseases ninth revision (314.xx) and International Classification of Diseases tenth revision (F90.x) codes. Data were stratified by child's sex, race and ethnicity, and household income, and rates of ADHD were estimated before and after adjustment for potential confounders. Results: The overall ADHD diagnosis rates increased from 3.5% in 2010 to 4.0% in 2021. ADHD diagnosis was most prevalent among White children (6.1%), then Black (4.6%), Other/multiple (3.7%), Hispanic (3.1%), and Asian/Pacific Islander (PI) (1.7%). ADHD was also highly prevalent among boys (73.3%) or family income≥$70,000 (50.0%). ADHD diagnosis increased among Black (4.2% to 5.1%), Hispanic (2.8% to 3.6%), and Asian/PI children (1.5% to 2.0%) but remained stable for White (6.2% to 6.1%) and Other/multiple race/ethnic children (3.7% to 3.7%). Increases in the prevalence among girls were also observed. Conclusion: The prevalence of ADHD in children has risen with the largest increases observed for Black, Hispanic, and Asian/PI children. Rates among less affluent families and girls have also been increasing, narrowing the gaps in diagnosis rates previously observed. These increases may reflect improvements in screening and provision of care among demographics where ADHD has been historically underdiagnosed.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/epidemiology ; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/diagnosis ; Child ; Male ; Female ; Adolescent ; Child, Preschool ; California/epidemiology ; Delivery of Health Care, Integrated ; Prevalence
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	3102-1
ISSN	1097-6833 ; 0022-3476
ISSN (online)	1097-6833
ISSN	0022-3476
DOI	10.1016/j.jpeds.2024.113997
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Article ; Online: Coding of Childhood Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Disorders in Electronic Health Records of a Large Integrated Health Care System: Validation Study.

Shi, Jiaxiao M / Chiu, Vicki Y / Avila, Chantal C / Lewis, Sierra / Park, Daniella / Peltier, Morgan R / Getahun, Darios

JMIR mental health

2024 Volume 11, Page(s) e56812

Abstract: Background: Mental, emotional, and behavioral disorders are chronic pediatric conditions, and their prevalence has been on the rise over recent decades. Affected children have long-term health sequelae and a decline in health-related quality of life. ... ...

Abstract	Background: Mental, emotional, and behavioral disorders are chronic pediatric conditions, and their prevalence has been on the rise over recent decades. Affected children have long-term health sequelae and a decline in health-related quality of life. Due to the lack of a validated database for pharmacoepidemiological research on selected mental, emotional, and behavioral disorders, there is uncertainty in their reported prevalence in the literature. Objectives: We aimed to evaluate the accuracy of coding related to pediatric mental, emotional, and behavioral disorders in a large integrated health care system's electronic health records (EHRs) and compare the coding quality before and after the implementation of the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-10-CM) coding as well as before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Medical records of 1200 member children aged 2-17 years with at least 1 clinical visit before the COVID-19 pandemic (January 1, 2012, to December 31, 2014, the ICD-9-CM coding period; and January 1, 2017, to December 31, 2019, the ICD-10-CM coding period) and after the COVID-19 pandemic (January 1, 2021, to December 31, 2022) were selected with stratified random sampling from EHRs for chart review. Two trained research associates reviewed the EHRs for all potential cases of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), major depression disorder (MDD), anxiety disorder (AD), and disruptive behavior disorders (DBD) in children during the study period. Children were considered cases only if there was a mention of any one of the conditions (yes for diagnosis) in the electronic chart during the corresponding time period. The validity of diagnosis codes was evaluated by directly comparing them with the gold standard of chart abstraction using sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, the summary statistics of the F-score, and Youden J statistic. κ statistic for interrater reliability among the 2 abstractors was calculated. Results: The overall agreement between the identification of mental, behavioral, and emotional conditions using diagnosis codes compared to medical record abstraction was strong and similar across the ICD-9-CM and ICD-10-CM coding periods as well as during the prepandemic and pandemic time periods. The performance of AD coding, while strong, was relatively lower compared to the other conditions. The weighted sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value for each of the 5 conditions were as follows: 100%, 100%, 99.2%, and 100%, respectively, for ASD; 100%, 99.9%, 99.2%, and 100%, respectively, for ADHD; 100%, 100%, 100%, and 100%, respectively for DBD; 87.7%, 100%, 100%, and 99.2%, respectively, for AD; and 100%, 100%, 99.2%, and 100%, respectively, for MDD. The F-score and Youden J statistic ranged between 87.7% and 100%. The overall agreement between abstractors was almost perfect (κ=95%). Conclusions: Diagnostic codes are quite reliable for identifying selected childhood mental, behavioral, and emotional conditions. The findings remained similar during the pandemic and after the implementation of the ICD-10-CM coding in the EHR system.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Child ; Electronic Health Records/statistics & numerical data ; Adolescent ; Child, Preschool ; Delivery of Health Care, Integrated ; Male ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Female ; Neurodevelopmental Disorders/epidemiology ; Neurodevelopmental Disorders/diagnosis ; Mental Disorders/epidemiology ; Mental Disorders/diagnosis ; International Classification of Diseases ; Clinical Coding
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-05-14
Publishing country	Canada
Document type	Journal Article ; Validation Study
ZDB-ID	2798262-2
ISSN	2368-7959 ; 2368-7959
ISSN (online)	2368-7959
ISSN	2368-7959
DOI	10.2196/56812
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Article ; Online: Hyperemesis Gravidarum: Risk of Recurrence in Subsequent Pregnancies.

Fassett, Michael J / Peltier, Morgan R / Lopez, Adrian H / Chiu, Vicki Y / Getahun, Darios

Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.)

2022 Volume 30, Issue 4, Page(s) 1198–1206

Abstract: This study aimed to examine whether the recurrence risk of hyperemesis gravidarum (HG) is modified by the timing of diagnosis, the severity of illness, and interpregnancy interval. The Kaiser Permanente Southern California 1998-2020 longitudinally linked ...

Abstract	This study aimed to examine whether the recurrence risk of hyperemesis gravidarum (HG) is modified by the timing of diagnosis, the severity of illness, and interpregnancy interval. The Kaiser Permanente Southern California 1998-2020 longitudinally linked medical records were used to examine the recurrence risk of HG in the first two (n = 93,444) and first three (n = 17,492) successive pregnancies. The timing of diagnosis- and the severity of illness-specific recurrence risks were examined by estimating the adjusted relative risks (aRR). The risks of HG in the second pregnancy among patients with and without previous HG were 23.8% and 3.4%, respectively (aRR: 8.20; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 7.52, 8.94). The recurrence risk persisted regardless of the trimester at diagnosis and the gestational age of delivery in the first pregnancy. The recurrence risk was greater for patients with metabolic disturbances requiring in-hospital treatment (30.0%) than those managed on an outpatient basis (18.6%) in the first pregnancy (aRR: 10.84 95% CI: 9.66, 12.16). Although Asian/Pacific Islander (RR = 12.9) and White (RR = 8.9) patients had higher HG recurrence risk regardless of the gestational age at delivery in the first pregnancy, all patients had significant recurrence risk only if their first pregnancy was delivered after 32 weeks of gestation. African American patients had the highest recurrence rate (34.4%). HG recurrence risk was unaffected by interpregnancy interval and correlated with the number of previous pregnancies complicated by HG. There is an increased recurrence risk of HG in subsequent pregnancies that is influenced by race/ethnicity and gestational age at delivery. The number of pregnancies complicated by HG synergistically adds to the recurrence risk.
MeSH term(s)	Pregnancy ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Hyperemesis Gravidarum/epidemiology ; Hyperemesis Gravidarum/therapy ; Hyperemesis Gravidarum/diagnosis ; Risk ; Recurrence
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-26
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2276411-2
ISSN	1933-7205 ; 1933-7191
ISSN (online)	1933-7205
ISSN	1933-7191
DOI	10.1007/s43032-022-01078-8
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Article ; Online: Toxic External Exposure Leading to Ocular Surface Injury.

Rauchman, Steven H / Locke, Brandon / Albert, Jacqueline / De Leon, Joshua / Peltier, Morgan R / Reiss, Allison B

Vision (Basel, Switzerland)

2023 Volume 7, Issue 2

Abstract: The surface of the eye is directly exposed to the external environment, protected only by a thin tear film, and may therefore be damaged by contact with ambient particulate matter, liquids, aerosols, or vapors. In the workplace or home, the eye is ... ...

Abstract	The surface of the eye is directly exposed to the external environment, protected only by a thin tear film, and may therefore be damaged by contact with ambient particulate matter, liquids, aerosols, or vapors. In the workplace or home, the eye is subject to accidental or incidental exposure to cleaning products and pesticides. Organic matter may enter the eye and cause infection. Ocular surface damage can trigger a range of symptoms such as itch, discharge, hyperemia, photophobia, blurred vision, and foreign body sensation. Toxin exposure can be assessed clinically in multiple ways, including via measurement of tear production, slit-lamp examination, corneal staining, and conjunctival staining. At the cellular level, environmental toxins can cause oxidative damage, apoptosis of corneal and conjunctival cells, cell senescence, and impaired motility. Outcomes range from transient and reversible with complete healing to severe and sight-compromising structural changes. Classically, evaluation of tolerance and safety was carried out using live animal testing; however, new in vitro and computer-based, in silico modes are superseding the gold standard Draize test. This review examines how environmental features such as pollutants, temperature, and seasonality affect the ocular surface. Chemical burns to the eye are considered, and approaches to protect the ocular surface are detailed.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-03
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ISSN	2411-5150
ISSN (online)	2411-5150
DOI	10.3390/vision7020032
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Article ; Online: Association between SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Adverse Perinatal Outcomes by Race/Ethnicity in a Large Integrated Health Care System.

Mensah, Nana A / Fassett, Michael J / Lurvey, Lawrence D / Oyelese, Yinka / Braun, David / Sacks, David A / Shi, Jiaxiao / Khadka, Nehaa / Chiu, Vicki Y / Peltier, Morgan R / Getahun, Darios

American journal of perinatology

2024

Abstract: Objective: Recent studies have reported associations between severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection during pregnancy and adverse perinatal outcomes but the extent to which these associations vary by race/ethnicity ... ...

Abstract	Objective: Recent studies have reported associations between severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection during pregnancy and adverse perinatal outcomes but the extent to which these associations vary by race/ethnicity remains uncertain. Therefore, we examined how the association between prenatal SARS-CoV-2 infection and adverse perinatal outcomes may be modified by race/ethnicity. Study design: A retrospective cohort study was performed using data on 67,986 pregnant women extracted from the Kaiser Permanente Southern California electronic health records between April 6, 2020, and December 31, 2021. Upon admission to labor and delivery, all women were routinely tested for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) using real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction test. Adjusted odds ratios (aORs) were used to estimate associations. Results: During the study period, COVID-19 was diagnosed in 4,960 (7%) of singleton pregnancies, with the highest rates observed among Hispanics (9.4%) and non-Hispanic Blacks (6.2%). Compared with non-Hispanic Whites, Hispanics (aOR: 1.12, 95% CI: 1.03, 1.21) with SARS-CoV-2 infection had the highest odds of a pregnancy associated with nonreassuring fetal heart rate tracing. Neonates of all races/ethnicities, except for non-Hispanic Blacks, showed significantly increased odds of SARS-CoV-2 infection, with the highest risk observed among Asians/Pacific Islanders (aOR: 10.88, 95% CI: 1.33, 89.04). Non-Hispanic White mothers who tested positive were admitted to intensive care unit (ICU) at a higher rate at delivery and within 7 days of delivery (aOR: 34.77, 95% CI: 11.3, 107.04; aOR: 26.48, 95% CI: 9.55, 73.46, respectively). Hispanics were also at a significantly higher odds of admission to ICU (aOR: 4.62, 95% CI: 2.69, 7.94; aOR: 4.42, 95% CI: 2.58, 7.56, respectively). Non-Hispanic Black, Hispanic, and Asian/Pacific Islander mothers who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 prenatally, were at increased risk for preeclampsia/eclampsia, and preterm birth as compared to non-Hispanic White mothers. Conclusion: The findings highlight racial/ethnic disparities in the association between SARS-CoV-2 infection and adverse perinatal outcomes. The risk of neonatal SARS-CoV-2 infection was highest for Asian/Pacific Islanders. We also observed a remarkably high risk of ICU admission for non-Hispanic White mothers infected with SARS-CoV-2. Key points: · Race/ethnicity influences perinatal outcomes in pregnancies impacted by SARS-CoV-2.. · The risk of neonatal SARS-CoV-2 infection was highest for Asian/Pacific Islanders.. · White mothers had a notably high risk of ICU admission at delivery following SARS-CoV-2 infection..
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-25
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	605671-4
ISSN	1098-8785 ; 0735-1631
ISSN (online)	1098-8785
ISSN	0735-1631
DOI	10.1055/a-2298-4826
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Article ; Online: Maternal Hypothyroidism Increases the Risk of Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in the Offspring.

Peltier, Morgan R / Fassett, Michael J / Chiu, Vicki Y / Getahun, Darios

American journal of perinatology

2020 Volume 38, Issue 2, Page(s) 191–201

Abstract: Objective: This study aimed to determine if hypothyroidism prior to, or during, pregnancy increases the risk of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in the child and how the association may be modified by preterm birth, sex of the child, and ... ...

Abstract	Objective: This study aimed to determine if hypothyroidism prior to, or during, pregnancy increases the risk of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in the child and how the association may be modified by preterm birth, sex of the child, and race-ethnicity. Study design: Data were abstracted from linked maternal-child medical records. Incidence rate differences (IRDs), adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs), and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated to evaluate the association of maternal hypothyroidism with childhood ADHD risk. Stratified analyses were used to evaluate whether the association is affected by timing of first diagnosis, gestational age at birth (term vs. preterm), sex, and race-ethnicity. Results: Hypothyroidism diagnosed prior to (IRD = 1.30), or during (IRD = 0.59) pregnancy increases the risk of ADHD in the children (aHR = 1.27; 95% CI: 1.15, 1.41, and 1.17; 95% CI: 1.00, 1.38). The association was strongest when diagnosed during the first trimester (IRD = 0.97 and aHR = 1.28; 95% CI: 1.04, 1.58). For children born preterm, there was significantly increased risk of ADHD if their mothers were diagnosed prior to (IRD = 3.06 and aHR = 1.43; 95% CI: 1.09, 1.88), but not during pregnancy. The effect of maternal hypothyroidism on increased risk of ADHD was stronger for boys (IRD = 1.84 and aHR = 1.26; 95% CI: 1.14, 1.40) than it was for girls (IRD = 0.48 and aHR = 1.19; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.40) and for Hispanic children (IRD = 1.60 and aHR = 1.45; 95% CI: 1.25, 1.68) compared with other race ethnicities. Conclusion: Exposure to maternal hypothyroidism during the periconceptual period significantly increases the risk of ADHD and that the association varies with gestational age at delivery, child sex, and race-ethnicity. Key points: · Maternal hypothyroidism increases the risk of ADHD diagnosis in the offspring.. · The association of maternal hypothyroidism with childhood ADHD was influenced by timing of diagnosis.. · Strength of the association was strongest in preterm born infants, boys, and Hispanic children..
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/epidemiology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Hypothyroidism/epidemiology ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Maternal Exposure/adverse effects ; Maternal Exposure/statistics & numerical data ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Trimester, First ; Premature Birth/epidemiology ; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects/epidemiology ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; United States/epidemiology ; Young Adult
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-10-21
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	605671-4
ISSN	1098-8785 ; 0735-1631
ISSN (online)	1098-8785
ISSN	0735-1631
DOI	10.1055/s-0040-1717073
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Article ; Online: Exposure to polybrominated diphenyl ether-47 increases the risk of post-partum depression.

Peltier, Morgan R / Fassett, Michael J / Arita, Yuko / Chiu, Vicki Y / Takhar, Harpreet S / Getahun, Darios

The journal of maternal-fetal & neonatal medicine : the official journal of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians

2021 Volume 35, Issue 25, Page(s) 8350–8354

Abstract: Introduction: Post-partum depression (PPD) affects up to 19.1% of pregnancies and is associated with increased levels of proinflammatory cytokines, inflammation, and reductions in brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Previous work by our team ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Post-partum depression (PPD) affects up to 19.1% of pregnancies and is associated with increased levels of proinflammatory cytokines, inflammation, and reductions in brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Previous work by our team suggests that environmental toxins such as polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) enhance placental inflammation and reduce BDNF production. Nearly, 100% of studied women in California have some level of exposure to these compounds due to extensive use of the flame retardants. High levels of exposure to PBDEs has been linked to increased risk of adverse pregnancy complications associated with placental inflammation such as preterm birth and gestational diabetes but their effects on risk of PPD is unclear. Objective: To determine if PPD is associated with higher levels of PBDE-47, the most common PBDE congener in maternal plasma. Methods: PBDE-47 was quantified in first trimester plasma samples collected from a cohort of 367 asymptomatic pregnant women that were routinely screened for depressive symptoms for 1 year post-partum. Data were analyzed using general linear models and multivariable logistic regression to determine if higher levels of PBDE-47 in the first trimester are associated with development of PPD. Results: Women who developed PPD ( Conclusions: These results suggest that PBDE-47 exposure in the first trimester is associated with increased risk of PPD.
MeSH term(s)	Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Pregnancy ; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor ; Depression, Postpartum/epidemiology ; Depression, Postpartum/etiology ; Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers/adverse effects ; Inflammation ; Maternal Exposure/adverse effects ; Placenta ; Premature Birth/chemically induced
Chemical Substances	2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (0N97R5X10X) ; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor ; Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-09-12
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2077261-0
ISSN	1476-4954 ; 1057-0802 ; 1476-7058
ISSN (online)	1476-4954
ISSN	1057-0802 ; 1476-7058
DOI	10.1080/14767058.2021.1974386
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