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Article ; Online: Exploring the Relationship of Leisure Travel with Loneliness, Depression, and Cognitive Function in Older Adults.

Cole, Shu / Hua, Chenggang / Peng, Siyun / Wang, Weixuan

International journal of environmental research and public health

2024 Volume 21, Issue 4

Abstract: Loneliness, depression, and cognitive decline are pressing concerns among older adults. This study examines the association between leisure travel participation and these health outcomes in older adults, aiming to provide further evidence of the benefits ...

Abstract	Loneliness, depression, and cognitive decline are pressing concerns among older adults. This study examines the association between leisure travel participation and these health outcomes in older adults, aiming to provide further evidence of the benefits of leisure travel. Using nationally representative historical data from the 2006 household survey of the Health and Retirement Study, this study conducted a series of regression analyses to investigate the relationship between traveling and the three health outcomes, adjusting for age, sex, race, marital status, education, total wealth, annual income, and difficulty with daily activities. The results reveal that travel patterns in terms of distance are significantly associated with loneliness, depression, and cognitive function. Long-distance travel is positively related to higher cognitive function and a reduction in depressive symptoms, along with lower levels of loneliness, reinforcing the notion that leisure travel can potentially act as a catalyst for improved cognitive and mental health by offering opportunities for enhancing social connections and forming new relationships. The findings on the relationships between participation in leisure travel and mental and cognitive health contribute to the body of evidence supporting the therapeutic value of leisure travel in promoting healthy aging and enhancing the overall well-being in older adults.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Loneliness/psychology ; Aged ; Depression/psychology ; Female ; Male ; Leisure Activities/psychology ; Cognition ; Aged, 80 and over ; Travel/psychology ; Middle Aged
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-18
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2175195-X
ISSN	1660-4601 ; 1661-7827
ISSN (online)	1660-4601
ISSN	1661-7827
DOI	10.3390/ijerph21040498
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Article ; Online: Social Isolation and Loneliness Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Longitudinal Study of U.S. Adults Older Than 50.

Peng, Siyun / Roth, Adam R

The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences

2021 Volume 77, Issue 7, Page(s) e185–e190

Abstract: Objectives: The potential impact of social distancing policies during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on social isolation and loneliness is of increasing global concern. Although many studies focus primarily on loneliness, patterns of ... ...

Abstract	Objectives: The potential impact of social distancing policies during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on social isolation and loneliness is of increasing global concern. Although many studies focus primarily on loneliness, patterns of social isolation-particularly physical and digital isolation-are understudied. We examined changes in social isolation, physical isolation, digital isolation, and loneliness in U.S. adults older than 50 before and during the lockdown. Methods: Two waves of the Health and Retirement Study, a national panel sample of U.S. adults older than 50 years, were used. Fixed-effects regression models were fitted to identify within-person change from 2016 to 2020 to examine the impact of social distancing policies during the pandemic. Results: There was an increase in physical isolation and social isolation among respondents during the COVID-19 social distancing policies. However, respondents experienced no change in digital isolation or loneliness. The increase in physical isolation was only present for people with high COVID-19 concern, whereas people with low concern experienced no change in physical isolation. Discussion: Despite an increase in physical isolation due to the social distancing policies, U.S. adults aged older than 50 stayed connected through digital contact and were resilient in protecting themselves from loneliness.
MeSH term(s)	COVID-19/epidemiology ; Communicable Disease Control ; Humans ; Loneliness ; Longitudinal Studies ; Pandemics ; Social Isolation
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-04-12
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	1223664-0
ISSN	1758-5368 ; 1079-5014
ISSN (online)	1758-5368
ISSN	1079-5014
DOI	10.1093/geronb/gbab068
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Article ; Online: Non-Spousal Support, Marital Status, and Mortality Risk.

Roth, Adam R / Peng, Siyun

Journal of aging and health

2021 Volume 34, Issue 1, Page(s) 41–50

Abstract: Objective: To investigate whether the association between non-spousal support and mortality risk differs by marital status.: Methods: Using data from the National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project (N = 2460), we estimate a series of logistic ... ...

Abstract	Objective: To investigate whether the association between non-spousal support and mortality risk differs by marital status. Methods: Using data from the National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project (N = 2460), we estimate a series of logistic regression models to assess how non-spousal support moderates the relationship between marital status and mortality across a 5-year period. Results: Never married respondents who had minimal perceived access to non-spousal support had a greater probability of death compared to married respondents with similar levels of non-spousal support. The disparity in mortality risk between these two groups disappeared when non-spousal support was high. Discussion: Although family and friends play an important role in mortality risk in later life, these findings suggest that never married older adults exhibit a heightened dependence on support from non-spousal sources. Future research and policies should explore ways in which never married older adults can be integrated into a supportive social environment.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Aging ; Humans ; Marital Status ; Marriage ; Single Person ; Social Support
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-06-11
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	1045392-1
ISSN	1552-6887 ; 0898-2643
ISSN (online)	1552-6887
ISSN	0898-2643
DOI	10.1177/08982643211025381
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Article ; Online: Role of primary tumor volume and metastatic lymph node volume in response to curative effect of definitive radiotherapy for locally advanced head and neck cancer.

Mao, Weiling / Zhang, Tao / Li, Longhao / Peng, Siyun / Gong, Huiying / Li, Minmin

European journal of medical research

2024 Volume 29, Issue 1, Page(s) 98

Abstract: Background: Studies have shown mixed results concerning the role of primary tumor volume (TV) and metastatic lymph node (NV) volume in response to the curative effect of definitive radiotherapy for locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma ( ...

Abstract	Background: Studies have shown mixed results concerning the role of primary tumor volume (TV) and metastatic lymph node (NV) volume in response to the curative effect of definitive radiotherapy for locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (LAHNSCC). Objective: We aimed to evaluate the impact of TV and NV on the efficacy of radical radiotherapy in LAHNSCC patients, with the goal of guiding individualized therapy. Patients and methods: Patients with LAHNSCC who received radical radiation therapy and were reexamined within 6 months post-therapy from January 2012 to December 2021 were selected. The volumes of the primary tumors and metastatic lymph nodes were calculated by software and then were divided into a large TV group vs small TV group and a large NV group vs small NV group according to the relationship with the median. Additionally, patients who received concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) or not were divided into the CCRT group and the radiotherapy (RT) group. Patients with lymph node metastasis were divided into node concurrent chemotherapy (N-CCRT) group and a node metastatic chemotherapy (N-RT) group according to whether they received concurrent chemotherapy or not. The volume shrinkage rate (VSR), objective response rate (ORR), local control rate (LCR) and overall survival (OS) were recorded and analyzed. Results: 96 patients were included in the primary tumor volume group, and 73 patients were included in the metastatic lymph node group. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed for objective remission (OR) endpoints, and a volume threshold was defined for TV and NV patients. The threshold primary tumor volume was 32.45 cm Conclusion: Primary tumor volume is not a prognostic factor for the response to curative effect radiotherapy in LAHNSCC patients. Nevertheless, metastatic lymph nodes are a prognostic factor for the response to curative effect radiotherapy in LAHNSCC patients. Patients with smaller lymph nodes have better local control.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Tumor Burden ; Head and Neck Neoplasms/radiotherapy ; Head and Neck Neoplasms/pathology ; Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck/radiotherapy ; Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck/pathology ; Lymph Nodes/pathology ; Chemoradiotherapy ; Retrospective Studies
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-04
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1329381-3
ISSN	2047-783X ; 0949-2321
ISSN (online)	2047-783X
ISSN	0949-2321
DOI	10.1186/s40001-024-01691-0
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Article: Random sampling of alters from networks: A promising direction in egocentric network research.

Peng, Siyun / Roth, Adam R / Perry, Brea L

Social networks

2022 Volume 72, Page(s) 52–58

Abstract: The social network perspective has great potential for advancing knowledge of social mechanisms in many fields. However, collecting egocentric (i.e., personal) network data is costly and places a heavy burden on respondents. This is especially true of ... ...

Abstract	The social network perspective has great potential for advancing knowledge of social mechanisms in many fields. However, collecting egocentric (i.e., personal) network data is costly and places a heavy burden on respondents. This is especially true of the task used to elicit information on ties between network members (i.e., alter-alter ties or density matrix), which grows exponentially in length as network size increases. While most existing national surveys circumvent this problem by capping the number of network members that can be named, this strategy has major limitations. Here, we apply random sampling of network members to reduce cost, respondent burden, and error in network studies. We examine the effectiveness and reliability of random sampling in simulated and real-world egocentric network data. We find that in estimating sample/population means of network measures, randomly selecting a small number of network members produces only minor errors, regardless of true network size. For studies that use network measures in regressions, randomly selecting the mean number of network members (e.g., randomly selecting 10 alters when mean network size is 10) is enough to recover estimates of network measures that correlate close to 1 with those of the full sample. We conclude with recommendations for best practices that will make this versatile but resource intensive methodology accessible to a wider group of researchers without sacrificing data quality.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-13
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	0378-8733
ISSN	0378-8733
DOI	10.1016/j.socnet.2022.09.004
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Article ; Online: Personal Network Bridging Potential Across Geographic Context.

Roth, Adam R / Peng, Siyun / Perry, Brea L

The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences

2021 Volume 77, Issue 3, Page(s) 626–635

Abstract: Objectives: Personal networks play a fundamental role in the daily lives of older adults. Although many studies examine how life course factors and personal preferences shape network formation, fewer consider how the places in which older adults live ... ...

Abstract	Objectives: Personal networks play a fundamental role in the daily lives of older adults. Although many studies examine how life course factors and personal preferences shape network formation, fewer consider how the places in which older adults live present opportunities and obstacles to cultivate social relationships. In the present study, we explore how geographic context is associated with the ability to bridge social ties within one's personal network. Methods: We use data from the Person-to-Person Health Interview Survey (N = 709), a representative sample of Indiana residents. Personal network data were collected using 4 name-generating prompts. Logistic regression models and linear regression models were used to assess 2 measures of network bridging. Results: A minority of respondents reported the ability to bridge ties within their networks. Respondents residing in rural and mixed counties were less likely than urban respondents to have at least one member of their network who was completely disconnected from all other members. Discussion: These findings suggest that the communities in which older adults live condition opportunities for accessing unique network resources. Additional research adopting a network perspective is needed to provide insight into geographic disparities occurring among the older population.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Humans ; Interpersonal Relations ; Rural Population ; Social Support
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-06-07
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	1223664-0
ISSN	1758-5368 ; 1079-5014
ISSN (online)	1758-5368
ISSN	1079-5014
DOI	10.1093/geronb/gbab103
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Article ; Online: A latent variable approach to measuring bridging social capital and examining its association to older adults' cognitive health.

Peng, Siyun / Roth, Adam R / Perry, Brea L

Social neuroscience

2021 Volume 16, Issue 6, Page(s) 684–694

Abstract: Access to cognitive stimulation through social interactions is a key mechanism used to explain the association between personal networks, cognitive health, and brain structure in older adults. However, little research has assessed how best to ... ...

Abstract	Access to cognitive stimulation through social interactions is a key mechanism used to explain the association between personal networks, cognitive health, and brain structure in older adults. However, little research has assessed how best to operationalize access to novel or diverse social stimuli using social network measures, many of which were designed to study information diffusion within large whole networks (e.g., structural holes and bridging social capital). Using data from 277 adults in the Social Networks and Alzheimer Disease (SNAD) study, we aimed to evaluate such measures for use in research on cognitive aging using personal social networks. We found a positive association between individual measures of structural holes and cognitive health, but not with brain structure. Further, we extracted a latent measure of bridging social capital using multiple individual measures (i.e., structural holes, network diversity, weak ties, and network size) and found it was significantly associated with cognitive health and brain structure, supporting the utility of this concept and related measures in the study of cognitive aging. Finally, individual measures may underestimate the effects of multidimensional bridging social capital on cognitive health and brain structure compared to a latent measure that combines them.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Alzheimer Disease ; Cognition ; Humans ; Social Capital ; Social Networking ; Social Support
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-11-11
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2234411-1
ISSN	1747-0927 ; 1747-0919
ISSN (online)	1747-0927
ISSN	1747-0919
DOI	10.1080/17470919.2021.2001368
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Article ; Online: New Structure, Traditional Essence: Patterns of Helping Non-Coresident Parents by Own and Sibling(s)' Gender in China.

Hou, Yifei / Rurka, Marissa / Peng, Siyun

Research on aging

2021 Volume 44, Issue 2, Page(s) 215–226

Abstract: As Chinese households are becoming smaller with increasing numbers of adult children and older parents living apart, the extent to which patterns of parental support reflect traditional gender dynamics is under debate. Integrating theories of sibling ... ...

Abstract	As Chinese households are becoming smaller with increasing numbers of adult children and older parents living apart, the extent to which patterns of parental support reflect traditional gender dynamics is under debate. Integrating theories of sibling compensation with ceremonial giving, we tested whether helping non-coresident parents in China is affected by sibship size and how these patterns depend on own and sibling(s)' gender using a sample of 4,359 non-coresident parent-child dyads nesting within 3,285 focal adult children from China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study 2013. Opposite to patterns in the United States and Europe, we found substitutions of daughters with sons-having more brothers was associated with daughters' reduced probabilities and hours of helping. Sons' patterns of helping were independent of number of brothers and sisters in the family, consistent with the theory of ceremonial giving. These findings reflect the dominance of traditional family dynamics despite changes in family structure.
MeSH term(s)	Adult Children ; China ; Humans ; Longitudinal Studies ; Male ; Parents ; Siblings
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-05-18
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	424452-7
ISSN	1552-7573 ; 0164-0275
ISSN (online)	1552-7573
ISSN	0164-0275
DOI	10.1177/01640275211018814
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Article ; Online: Do subjective or objective cognitive measures better predict social network type among older adults?

Roth, Adam R / Peng, Siyun / Coleman, Max E / Apostolova, Liana G / Perry, Brea L

Biodemography and social biology

2022 Volume 67, Issue 1, Page(s) 84–97

Abstract: A large literature highlights the link between cognitive function and social networks in later life. Yet there remains uncertainty about the factors driving this relationship. In the present study, we use measures of subjective cognitive decline and ... ...

Abstract	A large literature highlights the link between cognitive function and social networks in later life. Yet there remains uncertainty about the factors driving this relationship. In the present study, we use measures of subjective cognitive decline and clinical cognitive assessments on a sample of older adults to investigate whether the relationship between cognitive function and social networks is driven by psychosocial factors. We found a consistent link between clinical cognitive assessments and social network type, but no association between subjective concerns of cognitive decline and networks. Participants who exhibited signs of clinical cognitive impairment were more likely to have restricted networks (i.e., smaller networks consisting of fewer contacts, more interconnectivity, and less social diversity) compared to their cognitively normal counterparts, regardless of subjective measures of cognitive decline - both from the participant's perspective and study partner's perspective. These findings suggest that neither cognitively impaired older adults nor their network members appear to consciously dissolve social ties on the basis of perceived cognitive decline. However, it remains unclear whether the association between clinical cognitive impairment and social network type indicates the protective nature of social networks against cognitive decline or a subconscious process leading to social contraction.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Cognition ; Cognitive Dysfunction/etiology ; Humans ; Social Networking
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-21
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2482287-5
ISSN	1948-5573 ; 0037-766X ; 1948-5565
ISSN (online)	1948-5573
ISSN	0037-766X ; 1948-5565
DOI	10.1080/19485565.2022.2052711
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Article: What kinds of social networks protect older adults' health during a pandemic? The tradeoff between preventing infection and promoting mental health.

Coleman, Max E / Manchella, Mohit K / Roth, Adam R / Peng, Siyun / Perry, Brea L

Social networks

2022 Volume 70, Page(s) 393–402

Abstract: When the coronavirus emerged in early 2020, older adults were at heightened risk of contracting the virus, and of suffering mental health consequences from the pandemic and from the precautions designed to mitigate it. In this paper, we examine how ... ...

Abstract	When the coronavirus emerged in early 2020, older adults were at heightened risk of contracting the virus, and of suffering mental health consequences from the pandemic and from the precautions designed to mitigate it. In this paper, we examine how social networks
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-27
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	0378-8733
ISSN	0378-8733
DOI	10.1016/j.socnet.2022.05.004
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