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Article ; Online: Multiligament Knee Injuries in Young Athletes.

Perkins, Crystal A / Willimon, Samuel Clifton

2022 Volume 41, Issue 4, Page(s) 611–625

Abstract: Evaluation and management of multiligament knee injuries (MLKI) require a comprehensive understanding of anatomy and biomechanics. In addition to a thorough history and physical examination, stress radiographs provide a reliable method to assess knee ... ...

Abstract	Evaluation and management of multiligament knee injuries (MLKI) require a comprehensive understanding of anatomy and biomechanics. In addition to a thorough history and physical examination, stress radiographs provide a reliable method to assess knee stability. Single-stage anatomic reconstruction techniques should be performed, as they restore native knee kinematics and enable early knee range of motion and superior outcomes.
MeSH term(s)	Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries/diagnosis ; Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries/surgery ; Athletes ; Humans ; Knee ; Knee Injuries/diagnosis ; Knee Injuries/surgery ; Knee Joint/surgery ; Range of Motion, Articular
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-07-18
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	779944-5
ISSN	1556-228X ; 0278-5919
ISSN (online)	1556-228X
ISSN	0278-5919
DOI	10.1016/j.csm.2022.05.004
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Article ; Online: Perioperative Complications of Pediatric Orthopaedic Surgery in Sickle Cell Disease.

Lorenzana, Daniel / Perkins, Crystal A / Willimon, S Clifton

Journal of pediatric orthopedics

2023 Volume 43, Issue 10, Page(s) e813–e815

Abstract: Background: Vasoocclusion in sickle cell disease can be precipitated by cold temperatures, hypoxia, infection, dehydration, and stress, all of which can occur in the setting of surgery. The purpose of this study was to identify predictors of ... ...

Abstract	Background: Vasoocclusion in sickle cell disease can be precipitated by cold temperatures, hypoxia, infection, dehydration, and stress, all of which can occur in the setting of surgery. The purpose of this study was to identify predictors of perioperative complications among pediatric patients with sickle cell disease undergoing orthopaedic surgery. Methods: An institutional review board approved single-center retrospective review was conducted of pediatric patients 21 years of age and younger with SCD who underwent any orthopaedic surgery at a single center between 2009 and 2019. Patient data and procedure-specific information were recorded. Preoperative admission for hydration and/or blood transfusion and preoperative laboratory studies were reviewed. The primary study outcome was postoperative complications within 30 days of surgery requiring an ED visit or hospital admission. Results: Ninety-two patients who underwent 118 orthopaedic surgeries were identified. The average age at surgery was 12.0 years (SD 4.8 y). Surgical cases were classified as elective (n=82, 70%), infection (n=26, 22%), and trauma (n=9, 8%). The lower extremity was the most frequent surgical site (n=86, 73%). Sixty surgeries (51%) received a preoperative blood transfusion. There were 19 surgeries with postoperative complications (16%) that required an ED visit or hospital readmission within 30 days of surgery. There were significantly more complications following surgery on the hip as compared with other sites (24% vs. 9%, P =0.04). Four or more ED visits in the past year were associated with an OR of 5.7 for a postoperative complication ( P =0.01, 95% CI 1.6-20.5). Patients who had a preoperative blood transfusion had significantly greater rates of complications than those that did not (27% vs. 5%, P <0.01). Conclusions: Children with SCD are at increased risk for complications after orthopaedic surgery, and the current study found an overall postoperative complication rate of 16%. Patients undergoing hip surgery had a disproportionate number of complications, with a 5.8-fold increased risk of a postoperative complication. Patients with 4 or more ED visits in the past year had a 5.7-fold increased risk of a complication. Level of evidence: IV Retrospective case series.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-21
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	604642-3
ISSN	1539-2570 ; 0271-6798
ISSN (online)	1539-2570
ISSN	0271-6798
DOI	10.1097/BPO.0000000000002500
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Article ; Online: Pigmented villonodular synovitis/giant cell tumor in the knee.

Chipman, Danielle E / Perkins, Crystal A / Lijesen, Emilie / Green, Daniel W

Current opinion in pediatrics

2023 Volume 36, Issue 1, Page(s) 78–82

Abstract: Purpose of review: Pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS) is a rare diagnosis in pediatric patients and commonly presents with symptoms of swelling and pain. Early diagnosis is important to prevent secondary degeneration into the subchondral bone. This ...

Abstract	Purpose of review: Pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS) is a rare diagnosis in pediatric patients and commonly presents with symptoms of swelling and pain. Early diagnosis is important to prevent secondary degeneration into the subchondral bone. This review will analyze the etiology, clinical signs/symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and recent literature on PVNS in the pediatric population. Recent findings: Many theories of PVNS etiology have been described in the literature; however, an inflammatory response has been most widely accepted. PVNS can occur in any joint, but most commonly in the knee. The most common treatment for PVNS is synovectomy, and long-term follow-up is necessary to detect disease persistence or recurrence. Summary: Although uncommon, PVNS does occur in the pediatric population and this diagnosis should be included in the differential of atraumatic joint swelling and pain.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Child ; Synovitis, Pigmented Villonodular/diagnosis ; Synovitis, Pigmented Villonodular/surgery ; Knee Joint/surgery ; Giant Cell Tumors/complications ; Giant Cell Tumors/pathology ; Synovectomy/adverse effects ; Pain/complications ; Pain/pathology
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-23
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Review ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1049374-8
ISSN	1531-698X ; 1040-8703
ISSN (online)	1531-698X
ISSN	1040-8703
DOI	10.1097/MOP.0000000000001312
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Article ; Online: Opioid Use in Pediatric Patients After Common Orthopaedic Surgeries.

Perkins, Crystal A / Murata, Asahi / Kim, Jason / Willimon, Samuel Clifton

Journal of pediatric orthopedics

2023 Volume 43, Issue 7, Page(s) 460–464

Abstract: Background: The use and misuse of opioid medications is an epidemic and public health emergency. There are currently no standard guidelines for treating perioperative pain in the pediatric population. The purpose of this study is to describe opioid use ... ...

Abstract	Background: The use and misuse of opioid medications is an epidemic and public health emergency. There are currently no standard guidelines for treating perioperative pain in the pediatric population. The purpose of this study is to describe opioid use among pediatric patients after common orthopaedic surgeries. Methods: Patients between 5 and 20 years of age undergoing one of 7 common orthopaedic surgeries between the years 2018 to 2020 were prospectively studied. Patients and their families completed a medication logbook to track all doses of pain medication and associated pain scores. Results: Three hundred forty-two patients completed the study, including 174 females and 168 males with a mean age of 14.0 years (range, 5 to 20 y). A total of 4351 tablets or liquid doses of the narcotic medication, 44% of the total prescribed, were consumed. Of the prescribed medication,56% remained unused. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use was identified to be the only independent predictor of less narcotic use, with a mean of 5.1 tablets ( P = 0.003) and 1.7 days ( P < 0.01) less opioid consumed among these patients. Thirty-two (9.4%) patients consumed 100% of their prescriptions. Nonmedicinal methods of pain control, most commonly ice, were used by 77% of patients, and this was highly variable between procedures. Physicians were cited as a source of medication information by only 50% of patients, with high variability between procedures. Conclusions: Opioid medication use in children and adolescents after orthopaedic surgery is significantly less than the number of tablets prescribed, with 56% of the medication prescribed remaining unused in the postoperative period. Duration of narcotic use was longer than anticipated with a wide SD (4.7 d +/-3 d).We recommend orthopaedic surgeons responsibly prescribe pain medications using evidence-based data or the results of their own experience monitoring medication consumption. In addition, and important in the setting of the "opioid epidemic," physicians must counsel patients and families on postoperative pain expectations and appropriate medication use. Level of evidence: Level IV, prospective case series.
MeSH term(s)	Male ; Female ; Adolescent ; Humans ; Child ; Infant ; Analgesics, Opioid/therapeutic use ; Pain, Postoperative/drug therapy ; Pain, Postoperative/etiology ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal ; Orthopedic Procedures/adverse effects ; Opioid-Related Disorders ; Practice Patterns, Physicians' ; Tablets/therapeutic use
Chemical Substances	Analgesics, Opioid ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal ; Tablets
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	604642-3
ISSN	1539-2570 ; 0271-6798
ISSN (online)	1539-2570
ISSN	0271-6798
DOI	10.1097/BPO.0000000000002423
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Article: Management of the Failed OCD.

Perkins, Crystal A / Willimon, S Clifton

Current reviews in musculoskeletal medicine

2020 Volume 13, Issue 2, Page(s) 173–179

Abstract: Purpose of the review: Osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) is a pathologic condition of subchondral bone most frequently occurring in the medial femoral condyle of the knee in children and adolescents. Salvage techniques are necessary when either ... ...

Abstract	Purpose of the review: Osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) is a pathologic condition of subchondral bone most frequently occurring in the medial femoral condyle of the knee in children and adolescents. Salvage techniques are necessary when either nonoperative or typical operative treatments fail, or the OCD presents in an unsalvageable state. The purpose of this review is to describe the evaluation and management of failed OCDs. Recent findings: Thorough preoperative planning is essential to the treatment of failed OCDs. Radiographs and advanced imaging such as MRI and CT allow for a detailed assessment of subchondral bone and cartilage. Long-leg alignment radiographs are critical to assess for malalignment which may increase the contact forces on the affected condyle. Malalignment can be corrected with hemiepiphysiodesis or an osteotomy depending on the skeletal maturity of the patient. Osteochondral allografts and autologous chondrocyte implantation treat the defect in both bone and cartilage or solely cartilage and have good short to moderate term outcomes, particularly as compared to the inferior outcomes of microfracture of larger OCDs. Osteochondritis dissecans of the knee that fails to heal with initial operative measures can result in a large defect of bone and cartilage in the knee of adolescents. Treatment of the bone and cartilage defect can be accomplished with either osteochondral allograft transplantation or matrix-assisted autologous chondrocyte implantation can be performed with good outcomes. Assessment and correction of lower extremity malalignment is a critical component of treatment. Durable long-term solutions are necessary for the treatment of these difficult lesions.
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-03-09
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2407827-X
ISSN	1935-9748 ; 1935-973X
ISSN (online)	1935-9748
ISSN	1935-973X
DOI	10.1007/s12178-020-09611-5
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Article ; Online: Medial Patellofemoral Ligament Reconstruction With or Without Tibial Tubercle Osteotomy in Carefully Selected Patients Results in a 5% Revision Rate: A Preliminary Analysis.

Perkins, Crystal A / Egger, Anthony C / Busch, Michael T / Murata, Asahi / Willimon, Samuel C

Journal of pediatric orthopedics

2023 Volume 44, Issue 2, Page(s) e144–e150

Abstract: Purpose: The purpose was to assess the outcomes of medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) allograft reconstruction with or without tibial tubercle osteotomy (TTO) in adolescents, with a focus on evaluating demographic and imaging characteristics on ... ...

Abstract	Purpose: The purpose was to assess the outcomes of medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) allograft reconstruction with or without tibial tubercle osteotomy (TTO) in adolescents, with a focus on evaluating demographic and imaging characteristics on outcomes. Methods: A single-institution retrospective study was performed of patients ages 12 to 19 years who underwent MPFL reconstruction +/- TTO for the treatment of lateral patellar instability. Demographic, clinical, surgical, and postoperative information was collected. All x-ray and magnetic resonance imaging measurements were completed independently by 2 surgeons. Patients were contacted to complete patient-reported outcomes at a minimum of 2 years following surgery. The primary outcome measure was recurrent instability resulting in revision surgery. Results: Seventy-eight knees in 74 patients, with a median age of 15.3 years (interquartile range: 14.4, 16.1), were included. Forty-five knees underwent isolated MPFL reconstruction and 33 knees had a combined MPFL + TTO. The knees that underwent MPFL + TTO had significantly greater tibial tubercle-trochlear groove distance (19.0 mm vs. 15.4 mm, P =0.015) and patellar tendon-lateral trochlear ridge distance (10.9 mm vs. 5.9 mm, P =0.018) than the knees treated with isolated MPFL reconstruction. Four knees (5.1%) underwent revision stabilization surgery, including 3 knees in the MPFL cohort (6.7%) and 1 knee in the MPFL + TTO cohort (3.0%). The rate of failure between the MPFL and MPFL + TTO knees was not significantly different, P =0.634. There were no differences in age, sex, body mass index, number of dislocations, or any imaging characteristics in patients who underwent revision versus those who did not. Patient-reported outcomes were collected on 50 knees at a median of 36 months (interquartile range: 24, 54) after surgery, and no differences were noted between cohorts. Conclusions: Patellar stabilization surgery, including MPFL reconstruction and TTO in carefully selected patients, had excellent revision-free outcomes in 95% of this adolescent cohort. In this case series, those patients whose treatment included TTO had greater tibial tubercle-trochlear groove and patellar tendon-lateral trochlear ridge as compared to the isolated MPFL cohort. Despite previous literature suggesting demographic and imaging characteristics as risks for recurrent instability, we identified no characteristics within these two distinct surgical treatment groups to be predictive of the need for revision stabilization, regardless of the treatment group. Level of evidence: Level III-retrospective comparison study.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Humans ; Retrospective Studies ; Patellar Dislocation/diagnostic imaging ; Patellar Dislocation/surgery ; Patellofemoral Joint/diagnostic imaging ; Patellofemoral Joint/surgery ; Joint Instability/diagnostic imaging ; Joint Instability/surgery ; Ligaments, Articular/surgery ; Osteotomy/methods
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-30
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	604642-3
ISSN	1539-2570 ; 0271-6798
ISSN (online)	1539-2570
ISSN	0271-6798
DOI	10.1097/BPO.0000000000002582
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Article ; Online: Arthroscopic Bankart Repair for Adolescent Anterior Shoulder Instability: Clinical and Imaging Predictors of Revision Surgery and Recurrent Subjective Instability.

Egger, Anthony C / Willimon, S Clifton / Busch, Michael T / Broida, Sam / Perkins, Crystal A

The American journal of sports medicine

2023 Volume 51, Issue 4, Page(s) 877–884

Abstract: Background: Multiple clinical and radiologic risk factors for recurrent instability after arthroscopic Bankart repair have been described. Humeral bone loss has gained more recent attention, particularly with respect to "off-track" lesions and increased ...

Abstract	Background: Multiple clinical and radiologic risk factors for recurrent instability after arthroscopic Bankart repair have been described. Humeral bone loss has gained more recent attention, particularly with respect to "off-track" lesions and increased rates of recurrent instability and revision surgery. Purpose: To evaluate clinical and radiologic predictors of failure after arthroscopic Bankart repair in adolescents. Study design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: A single-institution retrospective study was performed in patients <19 years of age treated with arthroscopic Bankart repair from 2011 to 2017. Magnetic resonance imaging measurements of glenoid and humeral bone loss, the glenoid track, and the presence of off-track Hill-Sachs (HS) lesions were assessed. All patients had a minimum follow-up of 24 months and completed patient-reported outcome scores. Failure was defined as revision surgery or postoperative subjective instability. Results: A total of 59 patients (46 male, 13 female) with a median age of 16 years (range, 12-18 years) were included. Ten patients (17%) had revision surgery and 8 patients (14%) had subjective instability without revision surgery. No clinical or radiologic factors were significantly different between the failure cohort and the nonfailure cohort. Four patients (7%) measured off-track, and 2 of these patients experienced failure. A total of 38 patients (64%) were identified to have an HS defect. Subgroup analysis of these patients identified a greater HS interval (HSI) in patients who underwent revision surgery as compared with those patients who did not have revision surgery. Among patients with GT ratio ≥15 mm, there was a 50% rate of revision surgery. The Pediatric/Adolescent Shoulder Survey (PASS) and Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation (SANE) scores at the final follow-up were not significantly different among patients with or without revision surgery. However, those with subjective instability who had not undergone revision surgery had significantly lower PASS and SANE scores as compared with the remainder of the cohort. Conclusion: Of the adolescents in this cohort, 31% either had revision surgery (17%) or reported subjective feelings of instability (14%) after arthroscopic Bankart repair. Off-track instability was identified in 7% of the cohort but was not predictive of failure. Among the subgroup of patients with an HS defect, those who underwent revision surgery had a significantly larger HSI.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Male ; Adolescent ; Female ; Child ; Shoulder Dislocation/diagnostic imaging ; Shoulder Dislocation/surgery ; Shoulder Joint/diagnostic imaging ; Shoulder Joint/surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Shoulder ; Joint Instability/diagnostic imaging ; Joint Instability/surgery ; Reoperation ; Arthroscopy/methods ; Bankart Lesions/diagnostic imaging ; Bankart Lesions/surgery ; Recurrence
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-13
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	197482-8
ISSN	1552-3365 ; 0363-5465
ISSN (online)	1552-3365
ISSN	0363-5465
DOI	10.1177/03635465231151250
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Article ; Online: Transosseous Meniscus Root Repair in Pediatric Patients and Association With Durable Midterm Outcomes and High Rates of Return to Sports.

Clifton Willimon, S / Busch, Michael T / Murata, Asahi / Perkins, Crystal A

The American journal of sports medicine

2022 Volume 50, Issue 8, Page(s) 2070–2074

Abstract: Background: Injuries to the meniscus root attachments result in extrusion of the meniscus, impaired distribution of hoop stresses, and progressive degenerative articular wear. As a result of these deleterious effects, there has been increasing emphasis ... ...

Abstract	Background: Injuries to the meniscus root attachments result in extrusion of the meniscus, impaired distribution of hoop stresses, and progressive degenerative articular wear. As a result of these deleterious effects, there has been increasing emphasis on repairing meniscus root injuries to restore structure and function. Purpose: To describe meniscus root tear patterns, associated injuries, and outcomes of transosseous meniscus root repair in a series of pediatric patients. Study design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: A single-institution retrospective review approved by the institutional review board was performed on consecutive adolescent patients aged <19 years with a meniscus posterior root tear treated with transosseous root repair over 4 years. All patients had a minimum 24-month clinical follow-up. The primary outcomes were revision meniscal surgery, and Lysholm, patient satisfaction, and Tegner activity scores. Results: A total of 20 patients (11 male and 9 female patients), with a mean age of 15.6 years (range, 13-18 years), met the inclusion criteria. There were 14 lateral meniscus root tears and 6 medial meniscus root tears. Seventeen patients (85%) had an associated ligament tear: 12 anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears and 5 posterior cruciate ligament tears. Two root tears occurred in isolation and both were the posterior root of the medial meniscus. The majority of meniscus root tears (n = 14 patients; 70%) were root avulsions (type 5). The mean follow-up was 42 months (range, 25-71 months). One patient underwent secondary surgery on the affected meniscus after a new injury 4 years postoperatively. Patient-reported outcomes were obtained for 16 patients (80%) at a mean 54-month follow-up. The median Lysholm score was 95 (interquartile range [IQR], 90-100). The median patient satisfaction score was 10 (IQR, 8-10). Thirteen of 16 patients (81%) reported returning to the same or higher level of sports after surgery. Conclusion: Meniscus root tears most commonly occur in pediatric patients as root avulsions of the posterior root of the lateral meniscus and in association with ACL tears. This is unique compared with the adult population, in which the medial meniscus posterior root is often injured in isolation from a radial tear adjacent to the root. In our pediatric case series, transosseous root repair resulted in successful outcomes in the majority of patients, with durable results at the midterm follow-up.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adult ; Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries/surgery ; Arthroscopy/methods ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Menisci, Tibial/surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Return to Sport ; Tibial Meniscus Injuries/surgery
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-26
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	197482-8
ISSN	1552-3365 ; 0363-5465
ISSN (online)	1552-3365
ISSN	0363-5465
DOI	10.1177/03635465221096474
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Article ; Online: Transosseous Repair of Patellar Sleeve Fractures: A Case Series and Surgical Technique Guide.

Perkins, Crystal A / Egger, Anthony C / Willimon, S Clifton

The journal of knee surgery

2021 Volume 35, Issue 12, Page(s) 1326–1332

Abstract: The purpose of this study is to describe the surgical technique and outcomes of transosseous repair of patellar sleeve fractures in a pediatric cohort. A retrospective review was performed on patients younger than 16 years undergoing transosseous repair ... ...

Abstract	The purpose of this study is to describe the surgical technique and outcomes of transosseous repair of patellar sleeve fractures in a pediatric cohort. A retrospective review was performed on patients younger than 16 years undergoing transosseous repair of distal patellar sleeve fractures. A chart review was performed on demographics, surgical repair technique, and postoperative care. Primary outcomes included intact extensor mechanism function and range of motion (ROM) at final follow-up. In this study, 20 patients, 17 males and 3 females, with a mean age of 11.7 years were included. ROM was initiated at a median of 27.5 days following surgery. All patients had a healed patellar sleeve fracture and intact extensor function at final follow-up. Final mean knee ROM among the 18 patients with minimum 3-month follow-up was 132 degrees. Thirteen patients (72%) achieved full ROM (≥ 130 degrees) and 5 patients (28%) achieved less than 130 degrees knee flexion. Duration of initial immobilization was found to be the only variable strongly associated with final postoperative ROM. Mean duration of immobilization for patients achieving ≥ 130 degrees was 24 days versus 44 days in those patients achieving < 130 degrees,
MeSH term(s)	Child ; Female ; Fractures, Bone/diagnostic imaging ; Fractures, Bone/surgery ; Humans ; Knee Injuries/diagnostic imaging ; Knee Injuries/surgery ; Knee Joint/surgery ; Male ; Patella/surgery ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-02-05
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2075354-8
ISSN	1938-2480 ; 1538-8506 ; 0899-7403
ISSN (online)	1938-2480
ISSN	1538-8506 ; 0899-7403
DOI	10.1055/s-0041-1723013
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Article ; Online: Pediatric Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction.

Perkins, Crystal A / Willimon, S Clifton

The Orthopedic clinics of North America

2019 Volume 51, Issue 1, Page(s) 55–63

Abstract: The increasing incidence of anterior cruciate ligament injuries in skeletally immature children demands careful attention by orthopedic surgeons. Assessing skeletal age is essential to selecting the appropriate reconstruction technique. Males with a bone ...

Abstract	The increasing incidence of anterior cruciate ligament injuries in skeletally immature children demands careful attention by orthopedic surgeons. Assessing skeletal age is essential to selecting the appropriate reconstruction technique. Males with a bone age of 15 years or older and females of 13 years and older are ideal candidates for a transphyseal anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction because there is minimal risk of growth disturbance. Children with substantial growth remaining (skeletal age males ≤12 years and females ≤10 years) seem to be at risk for more significant growth disturbance, so we generally recommend physeal-sparing techniques for these younger patients.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Age Determination by Skeleton/methods ; Anterior Cruciate Ligament/anatomy & histology ; Anterior Cruciate Ligament/transplantation ; Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries/epidemiology ; Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries/rehabilitation ; Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries/surgery ; Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction/methods ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Knee Injuries/epidemiology ; Knee Injuries/surgery ; Male ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures/methods ; Treatment Outcome
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-10-21
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	417389-2
ISSN	1558-1373 ; 0030-5898
ISSN (online)	1558-1373
ISSN	0030-5898
DOI	10.1016/j.ocl.2019.08.009
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