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Article ; Online: The effect of the demographic history on the evolution of senescence: A potential new test of the mutation accumulation theory.

Péron, Guillaume

2024 Volume 219, Page(s) 111927

Abstract: The different evolutionary theories of senescence predict different directions for the correlation between the population size and the intensity of senescence. Using simulations, I highlighted how the effect of the population size on the intensity of ... ...

Abstract	The different evolutionary theories of senescence predict different directions for the correlation between the population size and the intensity of senescence. Using simulations, I highlighted how the effect of the population size on the intensity of senescence could be reinforced by the time since populations have been large or small. I devised a mutation-selection model in which the effect of the mutations was age-specific. Several small populations diverged from a same large population at different points in time. At the end of the simulation, the correlation between the time since the populations had been small and the rate of senescence was positive under the mutation accumulation theory and negative under the antagonistic pleiotropy theory. The phenomenon was strong enough to reverse the usually negative relationship between the intensity of senescence and the generation time. These mutually-exclusive predictions could help broaden the taxonomic support for the mutation accumulation theory of senescence, currently mostly supported in humans and lab invertebrates. I briefly mention a few potential applications in real-life systems.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-16
Publishing country	Ireland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	183915-9
ISSN	1872-6216 ; 0047-6374
ISSN (online)	1872-6216
ISSN	0047-6374
DOI	10.1016/j.mad.2024.111927
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Article ; Online: The frequency and position of stable associations offset their transitivity in a diversity of vertebrate social networks

Péron, Guillaume

Ethology. 2023 Jan., v. 129, no. 1 p.1-11

2023

Abstract: When the estimated strength of social associations corresponds to the proportion of time spent together, strong links, those that take up most of the recorded time of individuals, are compulsorily transitive and tend to occur in clusters. However, I ... ...

Abstract	When the estimated strength of social associations corresponds to the proportion of time spent together, strong links, those that take up most of the recorded time of individuals, are compulsorily transitive and tend to occur in clusters. However, I describe three ways in which the frequency and position of strong associations apparently offset the expected transitivity of strong links in published association networks from 26 species of vertebrates. Instead of occurring in groups of three, strong links were mostly isolated. When they did occur in clusters, the clusters were small. The phenomena increased in intensity as the overall number of links of all strengths and the overall network transitivity increased. Since stable transitive motifs are beneficial to cooperation, these results can help explain why cooperative behaviors are not more frequent than they are in group‐living vertebrates. Inversely, stable transitive motifs may be rare and small because the benefits of cooperation do not overcome the costs associated with these motifs. The summary statistics developed for this study captured information not conveyed by other network‐level metrics; thus they may help quantify the socio‐spatial structure of populations and potentially tease apart the environmental, species‐specific, and individual drivers.
Keywords	animal behavior ; statistics ; vertebrates
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-01
Size	p. 1-11.
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Document type	Article ; Online
Note	JOURNAL ARTICLE
ZDB-ID	633469-6
ISSN	0179-1613
ISSN	0179-1613
DOI	10.1111/eth.13335
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Article ; Online: Reproductive skews of territorial species in heterogeneous landscapes

Péron, Guillaume

Oikos. 2023 Feb., v. 2023, no. 2 p.e09627-

2023

Abstract: The socio–spatial organization of populations of territorial species refers to the way distance, variation in social status and variation in resource availability interact to shape the way territory‐bounded individuals are distributed. I investigated the ...

Abstract	The socio–spatial organization of populations of territorial species refers to the way distance, variation in social status and variation in resource availability interact to shape the way territory‐bounded individuals are distributed. I investigated the resulting reproductive skew, i.e. the emergence of a few high performers amidst a majority of mediocre performers, using lifetime reproductive success data from 46 species living in contrasting landscape configurations. I applied three skew statistics that captured different aspects of the individual heterogeneity: the skewness, the Gini coefficient of inequalities and Hill's index of heavy‐tailed distribution. I also used a simplistic theoretical model, in which only immediate neighbors interacted. In the comparative analysis, the distribution of lifetime reproductive success was more skewed but also more egalitarian in homogeneous than heterogeneous landscapes, after controlling for the allometric effect of the body mass. The simulations indicated that a possible explanatory mechanism for the change in egalitarian properties is that some individuals hide behind their neighbors in the socio‐spatial organization. They therefore secure a better territory than if the distribution was despotic. The ideal despotic model without spatial restriction on interactions could not explain the correlations. This work emphasizes that the shape of the distribution of fitness components conveys information besides the mean and the variance, and the potential for nontrivial effects to emerge from simple movement heuristics.
Keywords	allometry ; body weight ; landscapes ; reproductive success ; socioeconomic status ; statistical analysis ; theoretical models ; variance
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-02
Publishing place	Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Document type	Article ; Online
Note	JOURNAL ARTICLE
ZDB-ID	207359-6
ISSN	0030-1299
ISSN	0030-1299
DOI	10.1111/oik.09627
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Article: Modified home range kernel density estimators that take environmental interactions into account.

Péron, Guillaume

Movement ecology

2019 Volume 7, Page(s) 16

Abstract: Background: Kernel density estimation (KDE) is a major tool in the movement ecologist toolbox that is used to delineate where geo-tracked animals spend their time. Because KDE bandwidth optimizers are sensitive to temporal autocorrelation, statistically- ...

Abstract	Background: Kernel density estimation (KDE) is a major tool in the movement ecologist toolbox that is used to delineate where geo-tracked animals spend their time. Because KDE bandwidth optimizers are sensitive to temporal autocorrelation, statistically-robust alternatives have been advocated, first, data-thinning procedures, and more recently, autocorrelated kernel density estimation (AKDE). These yield asymptotically consistent, but very smoothed distributions, which may feature biologically unrealistic aspects such as spilling beyond impassable borders. Method: I introduce a semi-parametric variant of AKDE designed to extrapolate more realistic home range shapes by incorporating movement mechanisms into the bandwidth optimizer and into the base kernels. I implement a first approximative version based on the step selection framework. This method allows accommodating land cover selection, permeability of linear features, and attraction for select landscape features when delineating home ranges. Results: In a plains zebra ( Conclusion: There is a tradeoff to find between fully parametric density estimators, which can be very realistic but need to be provided with a good model and adequate environmental data, and non-parametric density estimators, which are more widely applicable and asymptotically consistent, but whose details are bandwidth-limited. The proposed semi-parametric approach attempts to strike this balance, but I outline a few areas of future improvement. I expect the approach to find its use in studies that compare extrapolated resource availability and interpolated resource use, in order to discover the movement mechanisms that we need to improve the extrapolations.
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-05-21
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2724975-X
ISSN	2051-3933
ISSN	2051-3933
DOI	10.1186/s40462-019-0161-9
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Article ; Online: The time frame of home-range studies: from function to utilization.

Péron, Guillaume

Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society

2019 Volume 94, Issue 6, Page(s) 1974–1982

Abstract: As technological and statistical innovations open new avenues in movement ecology, I review the fundamental implications of the time frame of home-range studies, with the aim of associating terminologies consistently with research objectives and ... ...

Abstract	As technological and statistical innovations open new avenues in movement ecology, I review the fundamental implications of the time frame of home-range studies, with the aim of associating terminologies consistently with research objectives and methodologies. There is a fundamental distinction between (a) extrapolations of stationary distributions, associated with long time scales and aiming at asymptotic consistency, and (b) period-specific techniques, aiming at specificity but typically sensitive to the sampling design. I then review the difference between function and utilization in home-range studies. Most home-range studies are based on phenomenological descriptions of the time budgets of the study animals, not the function of the visited areas. I highlight emerging trends in automated pattern-recognition techniques for inference about function rather than utilization.
MeSH term(s)	Animal Distribution ; Animals ; Homing Behavior ; Models, Biological
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-07-25
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	1423558-4
ISSN	1469-185X ; 0006-3231 ; 1464-7931
ISSN (online)	1469-185X
ISSN	0006-3231 ; 1464-7931
DOI	10.1111/brv.12545
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Article: Modified home range kernel density estimators that take environmental interactions into account

Péron, Guillaume

Movement ecology. 2019 Dec., v. 7, no. 1

2019

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Kernel density estimation (KDE) is a major tool in the movement ecologist toolbox that is used to delineate where geo-tracked animals spend their time. Because KDE bandwidth optimizers are sensitive to temporal autocorrelation, statistically- ... ...

Abstract	BACKGROUND: Kernel density estimation (KDE) is a major tool in the movement ecologist toolbox that is used to delineate where geo-tracked animals spend their time. Because KDE bandwidth optimizers are sensitive to temporal autocorrelation, statistically-robust alternatives have been advocated, first, data-thinning procedures, and more recently, autocorrelated kernel density estimation (AKDE). These yield asymptotically consistent, but very smoothed distributions, which may feature biologically unrealistic aspects such as spilling beyond impassable borders. METHOD: I introduce a semi-parametric variant of AKDE designed to extrapolate more realistic home range shapes by incorporating movement mechanisms into the bandwidth optimizer and into the base kernels. I implement a first approximative version based on the step selection framework. This method allows accommodating land cover selection, permeability of linear features, and attraction for select landscape features when delineating home ranges. RESULTS: In a plains zebra (Equus quagga), the reluctance to cross a railway, the avoidance of dense woodland, and the preference for grassland when foraging created significant differences between the estimated home range contours by the new and by previous methods. CONCLUSION: There is a tradeoff to find between fully parametric density estimators, which can be very realistic but need to be provided with a good model and adequate environmental data, and non-parametric density estimators, which are more widely applicable and asymptotically consistent, but whose details are bandwidth-limited. The proposed semi-parametric approach attempts to strike this balance, but I outline a few areas of future improvement. I expect the approach to find its use in studies that compare extrapolated resource availability and interpolated resource use, in order to discover the movement mechanisms that we need to improve the extrapolations.
Keywords	Equus burchellii ; autocorrelation ; foraging ; grasslands ; home range ; land cover ; landscapes ; models ; permeability ; railroads ; seeds ; woodlands ; zebras
Language	English
Dates of publication	2019-12
Size	p. 16.
Publishing place	BioMed Central
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2724975-X
ISSN	2051-3933
ISSN	2051-3933
DOI	10.1186/s40462-019-0161-9
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Article ; Online: GC-MS analysis of essential oil from the leaves of Algerian

Tahar, Smaili / Hamdi, Bendif / Peron, Gregorio / Mouloud, Ghadbane / Khellaf, Rebbas / Amar, Zellagui / Guido, Flamini

Natural product research

2024 , Page(s) 1–5

Abstract: Bupleurum ... ...

Abstract	Bupleurum plantagineum
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-05
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2185747-7
ISSN	1478-6427 ; 1478-6419
ISSN (online)	1478-6427
ISSN	1478-6419
DOI	10.1080/14786419.2024.2310671
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Article ; Online: Identification of hydroxyquinazoline alkaloids from Justicia adhatoda L. leaves, a traditional natural remedy with NF-κB and AP-1-mediated anti-inflammatory properties and antioxidant activity.

Peron, Gregorio / Prasad Phuyal, Ganga / Hošek, Jan / Adhikari, Rameshwar / Dall'Acqua, Stefano

Journal of ethnopharmacology

2024 Volume 331, Page(s) 118345

Abstract: Ethnopharmacological relevance: Justicia adhatoda L. is used as traditional medicine in Nepal to treat cough, asthma, and inflammatory disorders, and is indicated as "Asuro". Leaves are used worldwide as herbal medicine due to cardiotonic, expectorant, ... ...

Abstract	Ethnopharmacological relevance: Justicia adhatoda L. is used as traditional medicine in Nepal to treat cough, asthma, and inflammatory disorders, and is indicated as "Asuro". Leaves are used worldwide as herbal medicine due to cardiotonic, expectorant, anti-asthmatic, and bronchodilatory properties. The aim of this work was to study the phytochemical composition of leaves of Nepalese J. adhatoda and assess their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties in vitro. Materials and methods: Secondary metabolites were extracted from dried leaves using methanol (JAME: J. adhatoda methanol extract). They were analysed by means of liquid chromatography coupled with multiple-stage mass spectrometry (LC-MS Results: JAME is a rich source of secondary metabolites, especially quinazoline alkaloids such as vasicine, vasicinone, vasicoline, and adhatodine. 7-Hydroxy derivatives of peganidine, vasicolinone, and adhatodine were also identified by means of MS Conclusions: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first insight into the phytochemical composition of Asuro leaves from Nepal and their bioactivity. Our results will contribute to the valorisation of this medicinal species still widely used in the traditional and complementary medicine.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-05-14
Publishing country	Ireland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	134511-4
ISSN	1872-7573 ; 0378-8741
ISSN (online)	1872-7573
ISSN	0378-8741
DOI	10.1016/j.jep.2024.118345
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Article: Process-based vs. ad-hoc methods to estimate mortality using carcass surveys data: A review and a note about evidence complacency

Péron, Guillaume

Ecological modelling. 2018 Sept. 24, v. 384

2018

Abstract: To quantify the rate at which wildlife die from anthropogenic sources like wind farms and poisoning, one may look for the carcasses. The number of detected carcasses, or the absence of carcasses, however needs to be corrected for imperfect detection and ... ...

Abstract	To quantify the rate at which wildlife die from anthropogenic sources like wind farms and poisoning, one may look for the carcasses. The number of detected carcasses, or the absence of carcasses, however needs to be corrected for imperfect detection and early removal by scavengers. To perform this correction, there exist more than a dozen “open” variants of the Lincoln-Petersen “closed-population” capture-recapture estimator. These different variants typically yield very different results because they are based on different assumptions that end users do not always consider. I conduct a simulation study highlighting severe biases in Lincoln-Petersen type estimators when their assumptions are violated. Recent attempts to relax these assumptions within the closed-population capture-recapture paradigm involve increasingly complex analysis, yet the resulting modified estimators still apply to restricted settings only. By contrast, there is an abundant literature about flexible, process-based, open-population capture-recapture models and how to fit them to survey data using numerical likelihood optimization. My simulations illustrate the good performance of this approach, in the presence of complex sources of bias, for moderate sample sizes. I review existing guidelines to deal with sparser datasets. As a perspective, I use the example of bird mortality estimation in wind farms to argue that the lack of methodological consensus can set the stage for evidence complacency. Biostatisticians should strive to avoid the proliferation of alternative methods and instead work towards increasingly general and unified frameworks.
Keywords	anthropogenic activities ; birds ; data collection ; guidelines ; models ; mortality ; poisoning ; surveys ; wildlife ; wind farms
Language	English
Dates of publication	2018-0924
Size	p. 111-118.
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	191971-4
ISSN	0304-3800
ISSN	0304-3800
DOI	10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2018.06.021
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Article ; Online: Analysis of Monacolins and Berberine in Food Supplements for Lipid Control: An Overview of Products Sold on the Italian Market.

Marcheluzzo, Sara / Faggian, Marta / Zancato, Mirella / Peron, Gregorio

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)

2021 Volume 26, Issue 8

Abstract: The use of dietary supplements for the prevention and management of diseases associated with excess of lipids is spreading in Western countries. Supplements containing red yeast rice (RYR) and extracts ... ...

Abstract	The use of dietary supplements for the prevention and management of diseases associated with excess of lipids is spreading in Western countries. Supplements containing red yeast rice (RYR) and extracts from
MeSH term(s)	Berberine/analysis ; Berberine/chemistry ; Biological Products ; Dietary Supplements ; Italy ; Lipids/chemistry ; Lovastatin/analysis ; Lovastatin/chemistry
Chemical Substances	Biological Products ; Lipids ; red yeast rice ; Berberine (0I8Y3P32UF) ; Lovastatin (9LHU78OQFD)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-04-12
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1413402-0
ISSN	1420-3049 ; 1431-5165 ; 1420-3049
ISSN (online)	1420-3049
ISSN	1431-5165 ; 1420-3049
DOI	10.3390/molecules26082222
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