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Article ; Online: Glutamine

Peter Stehle / Katharina S. Kuhn

BioMed Research International, Vol

An Obligatory Parenteral Nutrition Substrate in Critical Care Therapy

2015 Volume 2015

Abstract: Critical illness is characterized by glutamine depletion owing to increased metabolic demand. Glutamine is essential to maintain intestinal integrity and function, sustain immunologic response, and maintain antioxidative balance. Insufficient endogenous ... ...

Abstract	Critical illness is characterized by glutamine depletion owing to increased metabolic demand. Glutamine is essential to maintain intestinal integrity and function, sustain immunologic response, and maintain antioxidative balance. Insufficient endogenous availability of glutamine may impair outcome in critically ill patients. Consequently, glutamine has been considered to be a conditionally essential amino acid and a necessary component to complete any parenteral nutrition regimen. Recently, this scientifically sound recommendation has been questioned, primarily based on controversial findings from a large multicentre study published in 2013 that evoked considerable uncertainty among clinicians. The present review was conceived to clarify the most important questions surrounding glutamine supplementation in critical care. This was achieved by addressing the role of glutamine in the pathophysiology of critical illness, summarizing recent clinical studies in patients receiving parenteral nutrition with intravenous glutamine, and describing practical concepts for providing parenteral glutamine in critical care.
Keywords	Medicine ; R
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2015-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Hindawi Limited
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Type of Care and Living Situation Are Associated with Nutritional Care but Not Nutritional Status of Older Persons Receiving Home Care

Neshat Chareh / Eva Kiesswetter / Anja Rappl / Peter Stehle / Helmut Heseker / Cornel C. Sieber / Dorothee Volkert

Healthcare, Vol 8, Iss 296, p

2020 Volume 296

Abstract: Nutritional care and nutritional status may differ in older persons receiving informal (IC) or professional (PC) home care and further depend on the living situation, but little is known in this regard. In this analysis of a cross-sectional multicenter ... ...

Abstract	Nutritional care and nutritional status may differ in older persons receiving informal (IC) or professional (PC) home care and further depend on the living situation, but little is known in this regard. In this analysis of a cross-sectional multicenter study, type of care, living situation, and nutritional care were enquired in 353 older adults (≥65) receiving IC or PC, living either with partner (LP), with others (LO) or alone (LA), and the nutritional status was determined by BMI and MNA ® . For IC receivers, food shopping (IC-LP 94%, IC-LO 96%, IC-LA 92%) and warm meals (IC-LP 89%, IC-LO 90%, IC-LA 71%) were mainly provided by relatives, whereas 47% of PC-LA prepared warm meals by themselves and 22% received meals on wheels. Thirteen percent were underweight, 13% malnourished, and 57% at risk of malnutrition without differences between the groups. Adjusted odds ratios (OR) of being malnourished were also not different (IC-LP 2.2 [95% CI 0.5–9.7], IC-LO 1.4 [0.3–6.6], IC-LA 1.4 [0.3–6.6]) compared to PC-LA. In conclusion, provision of nutritional care obviously differed according to the type of care and living situation, whereas nutritional status does not seem to be affected by these aspects. More research is clearly needed in this field.
Keywords	type of care ; living situation ; nutritional care ; nutritional status ; older adults ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	360
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-08-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Effect of alpha-linolenic acid in combination with the flavonol quercetin on markers of cardiovascular disease risk in healthy, non-obese adults: A randomized, double-blinded placebo-controlled crossover trial

Burak, Constanze / Siegfried Wolffram / Berndt Zur / Peter Langguth / Rolf Fimmers / Birgit Alteheld / Peter Stehle / Sarah Egert

Nutrition. 2019 Feb., v. 58

2019

Abstract: Alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) and quercetin are characteristic compounds in plant-based diets. Cardioprotective effects have been described for both substances, although a possible benefit of combining ALA and quercetin has not, to our knowledge, been ... ...

Abstract	Alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) and quercetin are characteristic compounds in plant-based diets. Cardioprotective effects have been described for both substances, although a possible benefit of combining ALA and quercetin has not, to our knowledge, been evaluated yet. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential independent and additive effects of ALA and quercetin on blood pressure (BP) and lipid and glucose metabolism, as well as on biomarkers of inflammation, oxidative stress, and antioxidant status in healthy, non-obese men and women. Another aim was to examine whether chronic supplementation of supranutritional doses of quercetin would result in an accumulation of plasma quercetin concentration over time.In a double-blinded, placebo-controlled crossover trial, healthy volunteers were randomized to receive 3.6 g/d ALA plus 190 mg/d quercetin or placebo for 8 wk. Data from 67 individuals (34 men, 33 women, mean age: 24.6 y) were assessed.Plasma quercetin, tamarixetin, isorhamnetin, and kaempferol increased significantly from baseline to study end with ALA + quercetin but not with ALA + placebo. No significant effect on office systolic BP, mean 24 h ambulatory BP (ABP), or mean daytime ABP was seen in either study group. Both interventions significantly decreased total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, non–high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and apolipoprotein B to a similar extent. No effect on high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, apolipoprotein A1, glucose, uric acid, oxidized low-density lipoprotein, C-reactive protein, or lipid-adjusted retinol, α-tocopherol, or β-carotene was seen in either group.Although dietary supplements of 3.6 g/d ALA over an 8-wk period improved lipid profiles in healthy adults, antioxidative and oxidative status, inflammation, and BP remained unchanged. No evidence was seen for an additive or synergistic effect of ALA plus quercetin on markers of cardiovascular disease risk.
Keywords	C-reactive protein ; additive effect ; adults ; alpha-linolenic acid ; alpha-tocopherol ; antioxidants ; apolipoprotein A-I ; apolipoprotein B ; beta-carotene ; biomarkers ; blood pressure ; cardioprotective effect ; cardiovascular diseases ; cross-over studies ; females ; glucose ; high density lipoprotein cholesterol ; inflammation ; isorhamnetin ; kaempferol ; lipid composition ; low density lipoprotein cholesterol ; males ; metabolism ; nutrition risk assessment ; oxidative stress ; placebos ; plant-based diet ; quercetin ; synergism ; uric acid ; vitamin A
Language	English
Dates of publication	2019-02
Size	p. 47-56.
Publishing place	Elsevier Inc.
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	639259-3
ISSN	1873-1244 ; 0899-9007
ISSN (online)	1873-1244
ISSN	0899-9007
DOI	10.1016/j.nut.2018.06.012
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Polyphenol Phase‐II Metabolites are Detectable in Human Plasma after Ingestion of 13C Labeled Spinach—a Pilot Intervention Trial in Young Healthy Adults

Passon, Maike / Anja Stratmann / Benno F. Zimmermann / Judith Bühlmeier / Peter Stehle / Rudolf Galensa / Stefan Latz

Molecular nutrition & food research. 2018 May, v. 62, no. 10

2018

Abstract: SCOPE: After intrinsic labeling of spinach (Spinacia oleracea L., Chenopodiaceae) with 13CO2, we investigated if labeled polyphenol metabolites were detectable in human plasma. METHODS AND RESULT: In a pilot intervention trial, five healthy men consumed ... ...

Abstract	SCOPE: After intrinsic labeling of spinach (Spinacia oleracea L., Chenopodiaceae) with 13CO2, we investigated if labeled polyphenol metabolites were detectable in human plasma. METHODS AND RESULT: In a pilot intervention trial, five healthy men consumed 5 g freeze‐dried 13C labeled spinach, including a total amount of 160 μmol methoxyflavonols, including 70 μmol 5,3′,4′‐trihydroxy‐3‐methoxy‐6,7‐methylendioxyflavone‐4′‐glucuronide. Plasma samples of all subjects were analyzed with regard to their 13C/12C ratio. Additionally, 13C labeled metabolites of patuletin, spinacetin, and 5,3′,4′‐trihydroxy‐3‐methoxy‐6,7‐methylendioxyflavone (TMM) were analyzed in plasma samples in a subgroup of three subjects. TMM‐glucuronide, TMM‐sulfate, and spinacetin‐glucuronide‐sulfate, the latter as 12C113C16 and 13C17 isotopologs, were tentatively identified. Plasma concentration of TMM‐glucuronide and TMM‐sulfate reached cmax from 19.1–54.3 and 22.5–125.5 nmol L–1, respectively, 7–9 h post‐ingestion. CONCLUSION: It seems likely that 13C labeled TMM‐glucuronide and TMM‐sulfate are phase‐II metabolites which were converted after colonic transformation. Variations in plasma kinetics were observed for these two metabolites and may be attributed to the individual composition of the microbiota. We conclude that 13C labeled polyphenol metabolites are detectable and quantifiable in human plasma.
Keywords	adults ; carbon ; freeze drying ; isotope labeling ; men ; metabolites ; microorganisms ; pharmacokinetics ; polyphenols ; spinach ; Spinacia oleracea ; stable isotopes
Language	English
Dates of publication	2018-05
Size	p. e1701003.
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Document type	Article
Note	JOURNAL ARTICLE
ZDB-ID	2160372-8
ISSN	1613-4133 ; 1613-4125
ISSN (online)	1613-4133
ISSN	1613-4125
DOI	10.1002/mnfr.201701003
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Prevalence of Malnutrition in Orally and Tube-Fed Elderly Nursing Home Residents in Germany and Its Relation to Health Complaints and Dietary Intake

Dorothee Volkert / Lioba Pauly / Peter Stehle / Cornel C. Sieber

Gastroenterology Research and Practice, Vol

2011 Volume 2011

Keywords	Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology ; RC799-869 ; Specialties of internal medicine ; RC581-951 ; Internal medicine ; RC31-1245 ; Medicine ; R ; DOAJ:Gastroenterology ; DOAJ:Medicine (General) ; DOAJ:Health Sciences
Language	English
Publishing date	2011-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Is glutamine deficiency the link between inflammation, malnutrition, and fatigue in cancer patients?

Schlemmer, Marcus / Barbara Schäpers / Birgit Alteheld / Eva-Maria Duerr / Heinz-Gerd Zimmer / Peter Stehle / Thomas Zwingers / Ulrich Suchner

Clinical nutrition. 2015 Dec., v. 34, no. 6

2015

Abstract: Evaluation of potential associations between plasma glutamine levels and the incidence of cancer related fatigue, physical performance, poor nutritional status, and inflammation in patients with solid tumors.Mono-center cross-sectional study recruiting ... ...

Abstract	Evaluation of potential associations between plasma glutamine levels and the incidence of cancer related fatigue, physical performance, poor nutritional status, and inflammation in patients with solid tumors.Mono-center cross-sectional study recruiting 100 (34 women) consecutive patients (September 2009–March 2011; ≥18 y) with solid tumors and causal tumor therapy.Fasting venous blood was harvested for routine clinical chemistry, amino acid (HPLC) and inflammation marker analyses. Clinical assessments included global, physical, affective and cognitive fatigue (questionnaire) and Karnofsky performance status. Nutritional status was evaluated using bioelectrical impedance analysis, the Prognostic Inflammatory and Nutritional Index and plasma protein levels. Regression analyses were performed to correlate continuous variables with plasma glutamine (95% confidence intervals).Nutritional status was impaired in 19% of the patients. Average plasma glutamine concentration (574.0 ± 189.6 μmol/L) was within normal range but decreased with impaired physical function. Plasma glutamine was linked to the ratio extracellular to body cell mass (p < 0.044), CRP (p < 0.001), physical (p = 0.014), affective (p = 0.041), and global fatigue (p = 0.030). Markers of inflammation increased with low physical performance.The data support our working hypothesis that in cancer patients systemic inflammation maintains a catabolic situation leading to malnutrition symptoms and glutamine deprivation, the latter being associated with cancer related fatigue.
Keywords	bioelectrical impedance ; blood ; blood proteins ; cognition ; confidence interval ; cross-sectional studies ; glutamine ; high performance liquid chromatography ; inflammation ; malnutrition ; neoplasms ; nutrition assessment ; nutritional status ; patients ; physical activity ; protein content ; questionnaires ; regression analysis ; women
Language	English
Dates of publication	2015-12
Size	p. 1258-1265.
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	604812-2
ISSN	1532-1983 ; 0261-5614
ISSN (online)	1532-1983
ISSN	0261-5614
DOI	10.1016/j.clnu.2014.12.021
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Higher plasma quercetin levels following oral administration of an onion skin extract compared with pure quercetin dihydrate in humans

Burak, Constanze / Verena BrÃ¼ll / Peter Langguth / Benno F. Zimmermann / Birgit Stoffel-Wagner / Udo Sausen / Peter Stehle / Siegfried Wolffram / Sarah Egert

European journal of nutrition. 2017 Feb., v. 56, no. 1

2017

Abstract: PURPOSE: To investigate the plasma kinetics of quercetin derived from hard capsules filled with onion skin extract powder or quercetin dihydrate in humans. METHODS: In a randomized, single-blind, diet-controlled crossover study, 12 healthy subjects (six ... ...

Abstract	PURPOSE: To investigate the plasma kinetics of quercetin derived from hard capsules filled with onion skin extract powder or quercetin dihydrate in humans. METHODS: In a randomized, single-blind, diet-controlled crossover study, 12 healthy subjects (six men and six women) aged 21â33Â years were administered a single oral supra-nutritional dose of approximately 163Â mg quercetin derived from onion skin extract powder (containing 95.3Â % of total flavonoids as quercetin aglycone) or quercetin dihydrate (134Â mg quercetin aglycone equivalent). Blood samples were collected before and during a 24-h period after quercetin administration. The concentrations of quercetin and its two monomethylated derivatives, isorhamnetin (3â²-O-methyl quercetin), and tamarixetin (4â²-O-methyl quercetin), were measured using HPLC with fluorescence detection after plasma enzymatic treatment. RESULTS: The systemic availability, determined by comparing the plasma concentrationâtime curves of quercetin, was 4.8 times higher, and the maximum plasma concentration (C âââ) was 5.4 times higher after ingestion of the onion skin extract than after ingestion of pure quercetin dihydrate. By contrast, t âââ did not differ significantly between the two formulations. The C âââ values for isorhamnetin and tamarixetin were 3.8 and 4.4 times higher, respectively, after administration of onion skin extract than after pure quercetin dihydrate. The plasma kinetics of quercetin were not significantly different in men and women. CONCLUSION: Quercetin aglycone derived from onion skin extract powder is significantly more bioavailable than that from quercetin dihydrate powder filled hard capsules.
Keywords	blood sampling ; cross-over studies ; enzymatic treatment ; fluorescence ; high performance liquid chromatography ; humans ; isorhamnetin ; men ; onions ; oral administration ; pharmacokinetics ; quercetin ; women
Language	English
Dates of publication	2017-02
Size	p. 343-353.
Publishing place	Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	1466536-0
ISSN	1436-6215 ; 1436-6207
ISSN (online)	1436-6215
ISSN	1436-6207
DOI	10.1007/s00394-015-1084-x
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: No effects of quercetin from onion skin extract on serum leptin and adiponectin concentrations in overweight-to-obese patients with (pre-)hypertension: a randomized double-blinded, placebo-controlled crossover trial

BrÃ¼ll, Verena / Constanze Burak / Birgit Stoffel-Wagner / Siegfried Wolffram / Georg Nickenig / Cornelius MÃ¼ller / Peter Langguth / Birgit Alteheld / Rolf Fimmers / Peter Stehle / Sarah Egert

European journal of nutrition. 2017 Oct., v. 56, no. 7

2017

Abstract: PURPOSE: Chronic low-level systemic and adipose tissue inflammation has been identified as a major etiologic factor in many chronic diseases, including hypertension and cardiovascular diseases. Evidence from experimental studies suggests anti- ... ...

Abstract	PURPOSE: Chronic low-level systemic and adipose tissue inflammation has been identified as a major etiologic factor in many chronic diseases, including hypertension and cardiovascular diseases. Evidence from experimental studies suggests anti-inflammatory effects of dietary flavonols such as quercetin. METHODS: We investigated the effects of regular intake of quercetin on leptin, adiponectin, biomarkers of inflammation, glucose and insulin in overweight-to-obese patients with pre- and stage 1 hypertension. Another objective was to assess the safety of daily quercetin supplementation measured by parameters of liver and kidney function and of hematology. Subjects (nÂ =Â 70) were randomized to receive a supra-nutritional dose of 162Â mg/d quercetin or placebo in a double-blinded, placebo-controlled crossover trial with 6-week treatment periods separated by a 6-week washout period. Two subjects dropped out for personal reasons. Only data from the remaining 68 subjects were included in the analysis. RESULTS: Compared to placebo, quercetin did not significantly affect serum concentrations of leptin and adiponectin, HOMA-AD or the ratios of leptin/adiponectin and adiponectin/leptin. Neither quercetin nor placebo significantly changed serum C-reactive protein and plasma tumor necrosis factor alpha. Compared to placebo, quercetin did not significantly affect glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, blood biomarkers of liver and renal function, hematology and serum electrolytes. CONCLUSION: A supra-nutritional dose of 162Â mg/d quercetin from onion skin extract for 6Â weeks is safe but without significant effects on parameters of systemic and adipose tissue inflammation as well as glucose and insulin in overweight-to-obese subjects with (pre-)hypertension. This trial was registered at www.germanctr.de/ and http://apps.who.int/trialsearch/ as DRKS00000555.
Keywords	C-reactive protein ; adiponectin ; adipose tissue ; anti-inflammatory activity ; biomarkers ; blood serum ; chronic diseases ; cross-over studies ; electrolytes ; etiology ; glucose ; hematology ; hypertension ; inflammation ; insulin ; leptin ; liver ; onions ; patients ; placebos ; quercetin ; renal function ; tumor necrosis factor-alpha
Language	English
Dates of publication	2017-10
Size	p. 2265-2275.
Publishing place	Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	1466536-0
ISSN	1436-6215 ; 1436-6207
ISSN (online)	1436-6215
ISSN	1436-6207
DOI	10.1007/s00394-016-1267-0
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Polyphenol release from protein and polysaccharide embedded plant extracts during in vitro digestion

IÅÄ±k, Neslihan / Birgit Alteheld / Sabine KÃ¼hn / Nadine Schulze-Kaysers / Benno Kunz / Hans Rainer Wollseifen / Peter Stehle / Stephanie Lesser

Food research international. 2014 Nov., v. 65

2014

Abstract: Encapsulated phenol extracts from industrial processing residues of onions and apples are discussed as health promoting food additives. Prerequisite for their use in human/animal nutrition is the quantitative liberation of the phenols during digestion. ... ...

Abstract	Encapsulated phenol extracts from industrial processing residues of onions and apples are discussed as health promoting food additives. Prerequisite for their use in human/animal nutrition is the quantitative liberation of the phenols during digestion. In the present in vitro study we, thus, determined the release rate of a variety of spray dried phenol extracts embedded in different carrier molecules. Onion and apple extracts encapsulated with either lupine/gum acacia (ratio extract to wall material: 1:2), gum acacia (1:3), pea protein isolate (1:4), or modified starch (1:3) were screened employing a two-step (gastric: pepsin, pH2.0; intestinal: pancreatin, pH7.5) in vitro model (pH stat). Total phenol release in the incubation solutions (solid phase extraction) was followed spectrophotometrically (FolinâCiocalteu method); quercetin-4â²-O-glucoside (onion) and phloretin-2â²-O-glucoside (apple) were analysed with HPLC. Extracts spray dried in the presence of carbohydrates alone (gum acacia, modified starch) or in combination (lupine/gum acacia) exhibited an immediate, non-enzymatic phenol release (80%) due to instability in aqueous solutions. Pepsin catalysed enzymatic hydrolysis of apple extracts embedded with pea protein isolate resulted in a time-depending total phenol (max. 70% of embedded material) and phloretin-2â²-O-glucoside (max. 20%) liberation; pancreatin showed no effect. Phenols were stable in gastric fluid; in the presence of pea protein isolate, phenols partly decomposed at basic pH. These results demonstrate that only spray dried phenol extracts embedded in the presence of pea protein isolate effectively release phenols under in vitro digestion conditions.
Keywords	Lupinus ; animal nutrition ; apples ; aqueous solutions ; digestion ; encapsulation ; enzymatic hydrolysis ; food additives ; gastric juice ; gum arabic ; health promotion ; high performance liquid chromatography ; humans ; in vitro digestion ; in vitro studies ; models ; modified starch ; onions ; pH ; pancreatin ; pea protein ; pepsin ; phenol ; plant extracts ; polyphenols ; processing residues ; protein isolates ; solid phase extraction ; spray drying
Language	English
Dates of publication	2014-11
Size	p. 109-114.
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	1111695-x
ISSN	1873-7145 ; 0963-9969
ISSN (online)	1873-7145
ISSN	0963-9969
DOI	10.1016/j.foodres.2014.02.012
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Invited Review: The Potential Use of Parenter Dipeptides in Clinical Nutrition

Fürst, Peter / Peter Stehle

Nutrition in clinical practice. 1993 June, v. 8, no. 3

1993

Abstract: The metabolic effects of intravenous peptides have undergone extensive investigation in recent years. Dipeptide solutions provide a mechanism for the provision of selected amino acids that may be conditionally indispensable under certain clinical ... ...

Abstract	The metabolic effects of intravenous peptides have undergone extensive investigation in recent years. Dipeptide solutions provide a mechanism for the provision of selected amino acids that may be conditionally indispensable under certain clinical conditions. In particular, amino acids such as cystine, glutamine, and tyrosine may be difficult to provide in their free form, but their availability can be increased substantially when they are supplied in the form of a dipeptide. Animal and human studies have demonstrated that parenteral dipeptides are cleared rapidly from the plasma compartment and favorably influence nitrogen equilibrium in healthy volunteers and catabolic patients. Certain dipeptides offer the potential for tailoring tissue-specific nutrition therapy. It seems likely that parenteral peptides will offer a major change in the delivery of intravenous nutrients.
Keywords	clinical nutrition ; cystine ; diet therapy ; dipeptides ; glutamine ; humans ; intravenous injection ; nitrogen ; nutrients ; patients ; tyrosine
Language	English
Dates of publication	1993-06
Size	p. 106-114.
Publishing place	Sage Publications
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	645074-x
ISSN	1941-2452 ; 0884-5336
ISSN (online)	1941-2452
ISSN	0884-5336
DOI	10.1177/0115426593008003106
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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