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  1. AU="Pfeiffer, Christian"
  2. AU="Klostermann, Cynthia E."
  3. AU="Ivory, Joannie M"
  4. AU="Sooltangos, Aisha"
  5. AU="Marcia Adriana Poll"
  6. AU="Wenzel, Ross"
  7. AU="Wang, Ruihan"
  8. AU=Qing Enya AU=Qing Enya
  9. AU=Xu Jian AU=Xu Jian

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  1. Artikel ; Online: [Titelangabe fehlt]

    Pfeiffer, Christian

    MMW Fortschritte der Medizin

    2024  Band 166, Heft 2, Seite(n) 43

    Titelübersetzung Notfallreform: Gute Ideen, kritische Passagen.
    Sprache Deutsch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2024-02-08
    Erscheinungsland Germany
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1478211-x
    ISSN 1613-3560 ; 1438-3276
    ISSN (online) 1613-3560
    ISSN 1438-3276
    DOI 10.1007/s15006-023-3529-0
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Buch ; Online: Formulaic Language and New Data

    Piirainen, Elisabeth / Filatkina, Natalia / Stumpf, Sören / Pfeiffer, Christian

    2020  

    Schlagwörter Formulaic language ; language contact ; dialect ; spoken varieties
    Umfang 1 electronic resource (277 pages)
    Verlag De Gruyter
    Erscheinungsort Berlin/Boston
    Dokumenttyp Buch ; Online
    Anmerkung English ; Open Access
    HBZ-ID HT021030149
    ISBN 9783110669824 ; 311066982X
    Datenquelle ZB MED Katalog Medizin, Gesundheit, Ernährung, Umwelt, Agrar

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  3. Buch ; Online: Representative Studies on Victimisation

    Pfeiffer, Christian / Baier, Dirk

    2016  

    Abstract: Representative research on crime rates and their trends in Germany is sparse. A major research focus at the Criminological Research Institute of Lower Saxony, which is where all papers compiled in this volume came from, is on victimisation. In the last ... ...

    Abstract Representative research on crime rates and their trends in Germany is sparse. A major research focus at the Criminological Research Institute of Lower Saxony, which is where all papers compiled in this volume came from, is on victimisation. In the last years, research here was carried out on risk factors of victimisation, on vicitimsation of different population groups and on consequences of victimisation. All papers of this book centre on the presentation of findings from empirical research projects. These include both large-scale standardised surveys and qualitative interview studies with small numbers of interviewees.With contributions by:Dirk Baier, Steffen Bieneck, Bettina Doering, Karoline Ellrich, Sandra Fernau, Michael Hanslmaier, Theresia Höynck, Stefanie Kemme, Christian Pfeiffer, Susann Prätor, Lena Stadler, Ulrike Zähringer, Bettina Zietlow
    Schlagwörter Social pathology. Social and public welfare. Criminology
    Umfang 1 electronic resource ( p.)
    Verlag Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG
    Dokumenttyp Buch ; Online
    Anmerkung en ; Open Access
    HBZ-ID HT020099333
    ISBN 9783845273679 ; 3845273674
    Datenquelle ZB MED Katalog Medizin, Gesundheit, Ernährung, Umwelt, Agrar

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  4. Buch ; Online: Die Krise der Jungen

    Pfeiffer, Christian / Mößle, Thomas / Baier, Dirk

    2014  

    Abstract: Schulische Leistungsprobleme, auffälliges und gewalttätiges Sozialverhalten, Drogenkonsum, Computerspielabhängigkeit, mangelnde Empathiefähigkeit: Allesamt Phänomene, mit denen Jungen stärker konfrontiert sind als Mädchen. Befinden sich die Jungen in ... ...

    Abstract Schulische Leistungsprobleme, auffälliges und gewalttätiges Sozialverhalten, Drogenkonsum, Computerspielabhängigkeit, mangelnde Empathiefähigkeit: Allesamt Phänomene, mit denen Jungen stärker konfrontiert sind als Mädchen. Befinden sich die Jungen in einer Krise? Die Autorinnen und Autoren dieses Sammelbandes versuchen, die Krise der Jungen unter Rückgriff auf verschiedene Forschungsprojekte des Kriminologischen Forschungsinstitutes Niedersachsen (u.a. Schülerbefragung 2007/2008, Berliner Längsschnitt Medien, Pro Kind, Opferbefragung) empirisch zu beleuchten. Die folgenden drei Fragen stehen dabei im Vordergrund: 1. Können für einen bestimmten Phänomenbereich Geschlechterunterschiede beobachtet werden? 2. Lassen sich diese Geschlechterunterschiede durch andere Faktoren neben dem Geschlecht erklären? 3. Gibt es Hinweise, dass sich diese Geschlechterunterschiede in den zurückliegenden Jahren in irgendeiner Weise verändert haben?
    Schlagwörter Law in general. Comparative and uniform law. Jurisprudence ; Sociology (General) ; Männliche Jugend ; Schulleistung ; Krise ; Kriminalität ; Geschlechtsunterschied ; Erziehungsstil
    Schlagwörter Erziehungsmethode ; Geschlechterdifferenz ; Geschlechtsdimorphismus ; Geschlechtsspezifisch ... ; Geschlechtsspezifische Differenz ; Sexualdimorphismus ; Geschlechterunterschied ; Geschlecht ; Geschlechtsunterschiede ; Gender Diversity ; Geschlechtsspezifische Diversität ; Delinquenz ; Kriminelles Verhalten ; Straffälligkeit ; Krisensituation ; Krisen ; Schüler ; Schülerleistung ; Männlicher Jugendlicher
    Umfang 1 electronic resource ( pages)
    Verlag Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH and Company KG
    Dokumenttyp Buch ; Online
    Anmerkung DE ; Open Access
    HBZ-ID HT020307582
    ISBN 9783845258560 ; 384525856X
    Datenquelle ZB MED Katalog Medizin, Gesundheit, Ernährung, Umwelt, Agrar

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  5. Artikel: "JUNGEN GERATEN INS ABSEITS". Unterschätztes Risiko: Männliche Jugendliche geraten immer mehr in den Bann von Computerspielen, sagt Christian Pfeiffer. Der Kriminologe plädiert für Angebote, die spannender sind als die virtuelle Welt

    Pfeiffer, Christian

    Gesundheit und Gesellschaft

    2020  Band 23, Heft 10, Seite(n) 19

    Sprache Deutsch
    Dokumenttyp Artikel
    ZDB-ID 1435511-5
    ISSN 1436-1728
    Datenquelle Current Contents Medizin

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  6. Artikel ; Online: Cardio-audio synchronization elicits neural and cardiac surprise responses in human wakefulness and sleep.

    Pelentritou, Andria / Pfeiffer, Christian / Schwartz, Sophie / De Lucia, Marzia

    Communications biology

    2024  Band 7, Heft 1, Seite(n) 226

    Abstract: The human brain can encode auditory regularities with fixed sound-to-sound intervals and with sound onsets locked to cardiac inputs. Here, we investigated auditory and cardio-audio regularity encoding during sleep, when bodily and environmental stimulus ... ...

    Abstract The human brain can encode auditory regularities with fixed sound-to-sound intervals and with sound onsets locked to cardiac inputs. Here, we investigated auditory and cardio-audio regularity encoding during sleep, when bodily and environmental stimulus processing may be altered. Using electroencephalography and electrocardiography in healthy volunteers (N = 26) during wakefulness and sleep, we measured the response to unexpected sound omissions within three regularity conditions: synchronous, where sound and heartbeat are temporally coupled, isochronous, with fixed sound-to-sound intervals, and a control condition without regularity. Cardio-audio regularity encoding manifested as a heartbeat deceleration upon omissions across vigilance states. The synchronous and isochronous sequences induced a modulation of the omission-evoked neural response in wakefulness and N2 sleep, the former accompanied by background oscillatory activity reorganization. The violation of cardio-audio and auditory regularity elicits cardiac and neural responses across vigilance states, laying the ground for similar investigations in altered consciousness states such as coma and anaesthesia.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Humans ; Wakefulness/physiology ; Electroencephalography ; Sleep/physiology ; Brain/physiology ; Sound
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2024-02-23
    Erscheinungsland England
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article
    ISSN 2399-3642
    ISSN (online) 2399-3642
    DOI 10.1038/s42003-024-05895-2
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Artikel ; Online: Visual attention prediction improves performance of autonomous drone racing agents.

    Pfeiffer, Christian / Wengeler, Simon / Loquercio, Antonio / Scaramuzza, Davide

    PloS one

    2022  Band 17, Heft 3, Seite(n) e0264471

    Abstract: Humans race drones faster than neural networks trained for end-to-end autonomous flight. This may be related to the ability of human pilots to select task-relevant visual information effectively. This work investigates whether neural networks capable of ... ...

    Abstract Humans race drones faster than neural networks trained for end-to-end autonomous flight. This may be related to the ability of human pilots to select task-relevant visual information effectively. This work investigates whether neural networks capable of imitating human eye gaze behavior and attention can improve neural networks' performance for the challenging task of vision-based autonomous drone racing. We hypothesize that gaze-based attention prediction can be an efficient mechanism for visual information selection and decision making in a simulator-based drone racing task. We test this hypothesis using eye gaze and flight trajectory data from 18 human drone pilots to train a visual attention prediction model. We then use this visual attention prediction model to train an end-to-end controller for vision-based autonomous drone racing using imitation learning. We compare the drone racing performance of the attention-prediction controller to those using raw image inputs and image-based abstractions (i.e., feature tracks). Comparing success rates for completing a challenging race track by autonomous flight, our results show that the attention-prediction based controller (88% success rate) outperforms the RGB-image (61% success rate) and feature-tracks (55% success rate) controller baselines. Furthermore, visual attention-prediction and feature-track based models showed better generalization performance than image-based models when evaluated on hold-out reference trajectories. Our results demonstrate that human visual attention prediction improves the performance of autonomous vision-based drone racing agents and provides an essential step towards vision-based, fast, and agile autonomous flight that eventually can reach and even exceed human performances.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Fixation, Ocular ; Humans ; Neural Networks, Computer ; Unmanned Aerial Devices ; Vision, Ocular
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2022-03-01
    Erscheinungsland United States
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2267670-3
    ISSN 1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    ISSN 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0264471
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Buch ; Online: Expertise Affects Drone Racing Performance

    Pfeiffer, Christian / Scaramuzza, Davide

    2021  

    Abstract: First-person view drone racing has become a popular televised sport. However, very little is known about the perceptual and motor skills of professional drone racing pilots. A better understanding of these skills may inform path planning and control ... ...

    Abstract First-person view drone racing has become a popular televised sport. However, very little is known about the perceptual and motor skills of professional drone racing pilots. A better understanding of these skills may inform path planning and control algorithms for autonomous multirotor flight. By using a real-world drone racing track and a large-scale position tracking system, we compare the drone racing performance of five professional and five beginner pilots. Results show that professional pilots consistently outperform beginner pilots by achieving faster lap times, higher velocity, and more efficiently executing the challenging maneuvers. Trajectory analysis shows that experienced pilots choose more optimal racing lines than beginner pilots. Our results provide strong evidence for a contribution of expertise to performances in real-world human-piloted drone racing. We discuss the implications of these results for future work on autonomous fast and agile flight. We make our data openly available.

    Comment: 6 pages, 6 figures
    Schlagwörter Computer Science - Robotics ; Computer Science - Human-Computer Interaction
    Thema/Rubrik (Code) 629
    Erscheinungsdatum 2021-09-15
    Erscheinungsland us
    Dokumenttyp Buch ; Online
    Datenquelle BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (Lebenswissenschaftliche Auswahl)

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  9. Buch ; Online: Human-Piloted Drone Racing

    Pfeiffer, Christian / Scaramuzza, Davide

    Visual Processing and Control

    2021  

    Abstract: Humans race drones faster than algorithms, despite being limited to a fixed camera angle, body rate control, and response latencies in the order of hundreds of milliseconds. A better understanding of the ability of human pilots of selecting appropriate ... ...

    Abstract Humans race drones faster than algorithms, despite being limited to a fixed camera angle, body rate control, and response latencies in the order of hundreds of milliseconds. A better understanding of the ability of human pilots of selecting appropriate motor commands from highly dynamic visual information may provide key insights for solving current challenges in vision-based autonomous navigation. This paper investigates the relationship between human eye movements, control behavior, and flight performance in a drone racing task. We collected a multimodal dataset from 21 experienced drone pilots using a highly realistic drone racing simulator, also used to recruit professional pilots. Our results show task-specific improvements in drone racing performance over time. In particular, we found that eye gaze tracks future waypoints (i.e., gates), with first fixations occurring on average 1.5 seconds and 16 meters before reaching the gate. Moreover, human pilots consistently looked at the inside of the future flight path for lateral (i.e., left and right turns) and vertical maneuvers (i.e., ascending and descending). Finally, we found a strong correlation between pilots eye movements and the commanded direction of quadrotor flight, with an average visual-motor response latency of 220 ms. These results highlight the importance of coordinated eye movements in human-piloted drone racing. We make our dataset publicly available.

    Comment: 8 pages, 6 figures
    Schlagwörter Computer Science - Robotics
    Thema/Rubrik (Code) 629
    Erscheinungsdatum 2021-03-08
    Erscheinungsland us
    Dokumenttyp Buch ; Online
    Datenquelle BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (Lebenswissenschaftliche Auswahl)

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  10. Artikel ; Online: Microgravity induces overconfidence in perceptual decision-making.

    Loued-Khenissi, Leyla / Pfeiffer, Christian / Saxena, Rupal / Adarsh, Shivam / Scaramuzza, Davide

    Scientific reports

    2023  Band 13, Heft 1, Seite(n) 9727

    Abstract: Does gravity affect decision-making? This question comes into sharp focus as plans for interplanetary human space missions solidify. In the framework of Bayesian brain theories, gravity encapsulates a strong prior, anchoring agents to a reference frame ... ...

    Abstract Does gravity affect decision-making? This question comes into sharp focus as plans for interplanetary human space missions solidify. In the framework of Bayesian brain theories, gravity encapsulates a strong prior, anchoring agents to a reference frame via the vestibular system, informing their decisions and possibly their integration of uncertainty. What happens when such a strong prior is altered? We address this question using a self-motion estimation task in a space analog environment under conditions of altered gravity. Two participants were cast as remote drone operators orbiting Mars in a virtual reality environment on board a parabolic flight, where both hyper- and microgravity conditions were induced. From a first-person perspective, participants viewed a drone exiting a cave and had to first predict a collision and then provide a confidence estimate of their response. We evoked uncertainty in the task by manipulating the motion's trajectory angle. Post-decision subjective confidence reports were negatively predicted by stimulus uncertainty, as expected. Uncertainty alone did not impact overt behavioral responses (performance, choice) differentially across gravity conditions. However microgravity predicted higher subjective confidence, especially in interaction with stimulus uncertainty. These results suggest that variables relating to uncertainty affect decision-making distinctly in microgravity, highlighting the possible need for automatized, compensatory mechanisms when considering human factors in space research.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Humans ; Weightlessness ; Bayes Theorem ; Gravity, Altered ; Uncertainty ; Brain ; Space Flight
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2023-06-15
    Erscheinungsland England
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2615211-3
    ISSN 2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
    ISSN (online) 2045-2322
    ISSN 2045-2322
    DOI 10.1038/s41598-023-36775-0
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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