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  1. Article ; Online: Cannabis use prevalence among Baby Boomers before and after implementation of recreational retail sales in California.

    Carlson, Zachary / Pham, Steven / El-Sokkary, Jackie / Apollonio, Dorie E

    Substance abuse treatment, prevention, and policy

    2022  Volume 17, Issue 1, Page(s) 17

    Abstract: Background: As of 2021, 21 US states and territories allowed recreational cannabis use. Although previous research has identified an overall increase in prevalence of cannabis use after legalization, it has been less clear how this change will affect ... ...

    Abstract Background: As of 2021, 21 US states and territories allowed recreational cannabis use. Although previous research has identified an overall increase in prevalence of cannabis use after legalization, it has been less clear how this change will affect different parts of the population, including older adults, and specifically Baby Boomers, born 1946-1964, given their historically higher rates of use and a higher prevalence of comorbid conditions that could be either exacerbated or addressed by cannabis use. In this study we assessed whether implementation of recreational retail sales in California was associated with increased prevalence of cannabis use among Baby Boomers.
    Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of cannabis use prevalence one year before and after the implementation of recreational retail sales in California using the California Health Interview Survey (CHIS), a statewide public health surveillance dataset.
    Results: We found that cannabis use prevalence did not change among Baby Boomers but increased among non-Baby Boomers. Most of the factors found to be predictive of cannabis use in past research did not predict cannabis use among Baby Boomers.
    Conclusions: Baby Boomers did not change their consumption of cannabis in the first year after opening the retail market, despite previous research suggesting that cannabis consumption increases with access, and most previously identified predictors of use did not identify people who use cannabis in this generation. Further research is needed to determine whether these effects persist over time.
    MeSH term(s) Aged ; Cannabis ; Commerce ; Humans ; Legislation, Drug ; Prevalence ; Retrospective Studies
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-05
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 2222956-5
    ISSN 1747-597X ; 1747-597X
    ISSN (online) 1747-597X
    ISSN 1747-597X
    DOI 10.1186/s13011-022-00443-9
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: Evaluation of Mass Spectrometric Methods for Screening Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Particulate Phase of Wildfire/Biomass Smoke.

    Benefield, Virginia L / Perna, Shruthi / Pham, Steven / Chong, Ngee Sing / Li, Zhuangjie / Zhang, Mengliang

    Fire technology

    2022  Volume 58

    Abstract: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a class of compounds containing multiple aromatic rings formed during incomplete combustion. Since many of them are known mutagens and carcinogens, PAHs found in the particulate matter (PM) from the wildfire ... ...

    Abstract Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a class of compounds containing multiple aromatic rings formed during incomplete combustion. Since many of them are known mutagens and carcinogens, PAHs found in the particulate matter (PM) from the wildfire smoke may pose significant health risks to the wildland firefighters. It is pivotal to determine the levels of PAHs in the PM to evaluate the health effects of their inhalation exposure. However, the determination of PAHs using the conventional chromatographic approaches is often time-consuming and laborious. Herein, we describe a novel method for screening nonpolar and polar PAHs in the PM of smoke by direct analysis in real-time mass spectrometry (DART-MS). PM
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-10-27
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2037915-8
    ISSN 1572-8099 ; 0015-2684
    ISSN (online) 1572-8099
    ISSN 0015-2684
    DOI 10.1007/s10694-022-01327-x
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Steroidogenesis in Peripheral and Transition Zones of Human Prostate Cancer Tissue.

    Deb, Subrata / Chin, Mei Yieng / Pham, Steven / Adomat, Hans / Hurtado-Coll, Antonio / Gleave, Martin E / Tomlinson Guns, Emma S

    International journal of molecular sciences

    2021  Volume 22, Issue 2

    Abstract: The peripheral zone (PZ) and transition zone (TZ) represent about 70% of the human prostate gland with each zone having differential ability to develop prostate cancer. Androgens and their receptor are the primary driving cause of prostate cancer growth ... ...

    Abstract The peripheral zone (PZ) and transition zone (TZ) represent about 70% of the human prostate gland with each zone having differential ability to develop prostate cancer. Androgens and their receptor are the primary driving cause of prostate cancer growth and eventually castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). De novo steroidogenesis has been identified as a key mechanism that develops during CRPC. Currently, there is very limited information available on human prostate tissue steroidogenesis. The purpose of the present study was to investigate steroid metabolism in human prostate cancer tissues with comparison between PZ and TZ. Human prostate cancer tumors were procured from the patients who underwent radical prostatectomy without any neoadjuvant therapy. Human prostate homogenates were used to quantify steroid levels intrinsically present in the tissues as well as formed after incubation with 2 µg/mL of 17-hydroxypregnenolone (17-OH-pregnenolone) or progesterone. A Waters Acquity ultraperformance liquid chromatography coupled to a Quattro Premier XE tandem quadrupole mass spectrometer using a C
    MeSH term(s) Androstenedione/analysis ; Androsterone/analysis ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Humans ; Male ; Mass Spectrometry ; Progesterone/analogs & derivatives ; Progesterone/analysis ; Progesterone/metabolism ; Prostate/metabolism ; Prostatic Neoplasms/metabolism ; Prostatic Neoplasms/pathology ; Steroids/analysis ; Steroids/chemistry ; Steroids/metabolism ; Testosterone/analysis
    Chemical Substances Steroids ; Testosterone (3XMK78S47O) ; Androstenedione (409J2J96VR) ; Progesterone (4G7DS2Q64Y) ; Androsterone (C24W7J5D5R)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-01-06
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2019364-6
    ISSN 1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
    ISSN (online) 1422-0067
    ISSN 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
    DOI 10.3390/ijms22020487
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Increased burden of cardiovascular risk among youth suicide attempters.

    Zhong, Yongqi / Pham, Steven / Porta, Giovanna / Douaihy, Antoine / Marsland, Anna / Brent, David / Melhem, Nadine M

    Psychological medicine

    2020  Volume 52, Issue 10, Page(s) 1901–1909

    Abstract: Background: Suicide and cardiovascular disease rank among the leading causes of disability and premature mortality worldwide. Young adult suicide attempters are at increased risk of mortality from cardiovascular disease even compared to those with major ...

    Abstract Background: Suicide and cardiovascular disease rank among the leading causes of disability and premature mortality worldwide. Young adult suicide attempters are at increased risk of mortality from cardiovascular disease even compared to those with major depressive disorder suggesting an increased burden of cardiovascular risk factors. We compared the cardiovascular risk burden between
    Methods: Participants were from the Collaborative Psychiatric Epidemiology Surveys (CPES), a U.S. population-based study, aged 18-30 years [suicide attempt (SA):
    Results: Suicide attempters showed an increased cardiovascular risk score (CPES:
    Conclusions: Youth attempters show an increased burden for cardiovascular risk compared to other high-risk individuals in inpatient and population-based samples. Clinicians should pay particular attention to cardiovascular risk factors among suicide attempters in order to reduce their risk for cardiovascular events.
    MeSH term(s) Young Adult ; Adolescent ; Humans ; Suicide, Attempted ; Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology ; Depressive Disorder, Major/epidemiology ; Risk Factors ; Suicidal Ideation ; Heart Disease Risk Factors
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-10-19
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 217420-0
    ISSN 1469-8978 ; 0033-2917
    ISSN (online) 1469-8978
    ISSN 0033-2917
    DOI 10.1017/S0033291720003736
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Blood pressure recovery to social stress in parentally bereaved and non-bereaved youths.

    Dietz, Laura J / Pham, Steven / Melhem, Nadine / Porta, Giovanna / Brent, David A

    Journal of psychosomatic research

    2018  Volume 113, Page(s) 58–65

    Abstract: Objective: To examine differences in blood pressure response and recovery in a sample of bereaved and non-bereaved youths during an acute stress task conducted 5 years after time of parental death.: Methods: One-hundred and ninety-two (n = 192) ... ...

    Abstract Objective: To examine differences in blood pressure response and recovery in a sample of bereaved and non-bereaved youths during an acute stress task conducted 5 years after time of parental death.
    Methods: One-hundred and ninety-two (n = 192) bereaved and non-bereaved offspring (ages 11-29) participated in an adaptation of the Trier Social Stress Task (TSST) 5-years after the time of parental death. Blood pressure measurements were collected before, during, and after the laboratory stress protocol. Mixed models for repeated measures were used to analyze the effects of bereavement status and course of psychiatric disorder in the 5-year period after parental death in both offspring and caregivers on blood pressure response; linear regression was used to examine these associations with blood pressure recovery.
    Results: Although there were no differences across groups in diastolic (DBP) or systolic blood pressure (SBP) response to stress, bereaved offspring demonstrated less SBP recovery to the TSST as compared to non-bereaved offspring. A significant interaction between bereavement status and race, and a marginally significant interaction between bereavement status and sex indicated poor SBP recovery for parentally bereaved racial/ethnic minority offspring as compared to parentally bereaved Caucasian offspring, and for parentally bereaved males compared to parentally bereaved females.
    Conclusions: Parentally bereaved youths demonstrate blood pressure response to social stress tasks similar to that of non-bereaved youths, but parentally bereaved ethnic/racial minority youths and parentally bereaved males evidence a less complete recovery from the effects of stress. The health consequences of poor blood pressure recovery in bereaved youths are discussed.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Bereavement ; Blood Pressure/physiology ; Caregivers/psychology ; Child ; Female ; Grief ; Humans ; Male ; Parental Death/psychology ; Stress, Psychological/psychology ; Young Adult
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-07-29
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 80166-5
    ISSN 1879-1360 ; 0022-3999
    ISSN (online) 1879-1360
    ISSN 0022-3999
    DOI 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2018.07.016
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Nonautonomous regulation of neuronal migration by insulin signaling, DAF-16/FOXO, and PAK-1.

    Kennedy, Lisa M / Pham, Steven C D L / Grishok, Alla

    Cell reports

    2013  Volume 4, Issue 5, Page(s) 996–1009

    Abstract: Neuronal migration is essential for nervous system development in all organisms and is regulated in the nematode, C. elegans, by signaling pathways that are conserved in humans. Here, we demonstrate that the insulin/IGF-1-PI3K signaling pathway modulates ...

    Abstract Neuronal migration is essential for nervous system development in all organisms and is regulated in the nematode, C. elegans, by signaling pathways that are conserved in humans. Here, we demonstrate that the insulin/IGF-1-PI3K signaling pathway modulates the activity of the DAF-16/FOXO transcription factor to regulate the anterior migrations of the hermaphrodite-specific neurons (HSNs) during embryogenesis of C. elegans. When signaling is reduced, DAF-16 is activated and promotes migration; conversely, when signaling is enhanced, DAF-16 is inactivated, and migration is inhibited. We show that DAF-16 acts nonautonomously in the hypodermis to promote HSN migration. Furthermore, we identify PAK-1, a p21-activated kinase, as a downstream mediator of insulin/IGF-1-DAF-16 signaling in the nonautonomous control of HSN migration. Because a FOXO-Pak1 pathway was recently shown to regulate mammalian neuronal polarity, our findings indicate that the roles of FOXO and Pak1 in neuronal migration are most likely conserved from C. elegans to higher organisms.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Caenorhabditis elegans ; Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins/genetics ; Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins/metabolism ; Cell Movement/physiology ; Forkhead Transcription Factors ; Insulin/genetics ; Insulin/metabolism ; Neurogenesis ; Neurons/cytology ; Neurons/metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Transcription Factors/genetics ; Transcription Factors/metabolism ; p21-Activated Kinases/genetics ; p21-Activated Kinases/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins ; Forkhead Transcription Factors ; Insulin ; Transcription Factors ; daf-16 protein, C elegans ; pak-1 protein, C elegans (EC 2.7.1.11) ; p21-Activated Kinases (EC 2.7.11.1)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-08-29
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2649101-1
    ISSN 2211-1247 ; 2211-1247
    ISSN (online) 2211-1247
    ISSN 2211-1247
    DOI 10.1016/j.celrep.2013.07.045
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  7. Article: Characterization of Precursor-Dependent Steroidogenesis in Human Prostate Cancer Models.

    Deb, Subrata / Pham, Steven / Ming, Dong-Sheng / Chin, Mei Yieng / Adomat, Hans / Hurtado-Coll, Antonio / Gleave, Martin E / Guns, Emma S Tomlinson

    Cancers

    2018  Volume 10, Issue 10

    Abstract: Castration-resistant prostate tumors acquire the independent capacity to generate androgens by upregulating steroidogenic enzymes or using steroid precursors produced by the adrenal glands for continued growth and sustainability. The formation of ... ...

    Abstract Castration-resistant prostate tumors acquire the independent capacity to generate androgens by upregulating steroidogenic enzymes or using steroid precursors produced by the adrenal glands for continued growth and sustainability. The formation of steroids was measured by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry in LNCaP and 22Rv1 prostate cancer cells, and in human prostate tissues, following incubation with steroid precursors (22-OH-cholesterol, pregnenolone, 17-OH-pregnenolone, progesterone, 17-OH-progesterone). Pregnenolone, progesterone, 17-OH-pregnenolone, and 17-OH-progesterone increased C21 steroid (5-pregnan-3,20-dione, 5-pregnan-3,17-diol-20-one, 5-pregnan-3-ol-20-one) formation in the backdoor pathway, and demonstrated a trend of stimulating dihydroepiandrosterone or its precursors in the backdoor pathway in LNCaP and 22Rv1 cells. The precursors differentially affected steroidogenic enzyme messenger RNA (mRNA) expressions in the cell lines. The steroidogenesis following incubation of human prostate tissue with 17-OH-pregnenolone and progesterone produced trends similar to those observed in cell lines. Interestingly, the formation of C21 steroids from classical pathway was not stimulated but backdoor pathway steroids (e.g., 5-pregnan-3,20-dione, 5-pregnan-3-ol-20-one) were elevated following incubations with prostate tissues. Overall, C21 steroids were predominantly formed in the classical as well as backdoor pathways, and steroid precursors induced a diversion of steroidogenesis to the backdoor pathway in both cell lines and human prostate tissue, and influenced adaptive steroidogenesis to form C21 steroids.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-09-20
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2527080-1
    ISSN 2072-6694
    ISSN 2072-6694
    DOI 10.3390/cancers10100343
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: The Burden of Bereavement: Early-Onset Depression and Impairment in Youths Bereaved by Sudden Parental Death in a 7-Year Prospective Study.

    Pham, Steven / Porta, Giovanna / Biernesser, Candice / Walker Payne, Monica / Iyengar, Satish / Melhem, Nadine / Brent, David A

    The American journal of psychiatry

    2018  Volume 175, Issue 9, Page(s) 887–896

    Abstract: Objective: The authors sought to determine the long-term impact of sudden parental death on youths and pathways between youth bereavement and impairment.: Methods: Youths (N=216) who lost a parent to suicide, accident, or sudden natural death and ... ...

    Abstract Objective: The authors sought to determine the long-term impact of sudden parental death on youths and pathways between youth bereavement and impairment.
    Methods: Youths (N=216) who lost a parent to suicide, accident, or sudden natural death and nonbereaved youths (N=172) were followed periodically for up to 7 years. The incidence and prevalence of disorder and of functional impairment, as well as pathways to impairment, were assessed using Cox and mixed-effects logistic regression and structural equation modeling.
    Results: Prior to parental death, bereaved youths had higher rates of psychiatric disorder, parental psychiatric disorder, and maltreatment. Even after adjustment for predeath risk factors, bereavement was associated with an increased incidence of depression, posttraumatic stress disorder, and functional impairment. The peak incidence of depression was in the first 2 years postbereavement, with incident depression occurring mainly in those who lost a parent at age 12 or younger. Youths bereaved by all three causes of death showed higher rates of impairment at all time points. Structural equation modeling found that bereavement had a direct effect on impairment and was also linked to impairment via its effects on early and later depression and through negative life events. Child psychiatric disorder prior to parental loss also contributed to functional impairment.
    Conclusions: Parental death increased the incidence of depression in offspring early in the course of bereavement. Early identification and treatment of depression in bereaved youths and augmentation of family resilience may protect against later sequelae of functional impairment.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Bereavement ; Case-Control Studies ; Child ; Depression/epidemiology ; Depression/etiology ; Depression/psychology ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Kaplan-Meier Estimate ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Parents ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Prospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Suicidal Ideation ; Time Factors
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-06-20
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 280045-7
    ISSN 1535-7228 ; 0002-953X
    ISSN (online) 1535-7228
    ISSN 0002-953X
    DOI 10.1176/appi.ajp.2018.17070792
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article: Rosa damascena decreased mortality in adult Drosophila.

    Jafari, Mahtab / Zarban, Asghar / Pham, Steven / Wang, Thomas

    Journal of medicinal food

    2008  Volume 11, Issue 1, Page(s) 9–13

    Abstract: The effects of a rose-flower extract, Rosa damascena, on the mortality rate of Drosophila melanogaster was evaluated in this study. R. damascena is a potent antioxidant that has many therapeutic uses in addition to its perfuming effects. Supplementing ... ...

    Abstract The effects of a rose-flower extract, Rosa damascena, on the mortality rate of Drosophila melanogaster was evaluated in this study. R. damascena is a potent antioxidant that has many therapeutic uses in addition to its perfuming effects. Supplementing Drosophila with this rose extract resulted in a statistically significant decrease in mortality rate in male and female flies. Moreover, the observed anti-aging effects were not associated with common confounds of anti-aging properties, such as a decrease in fecundity or metabolic rate.
    MeSH term(s) Aging/drug effects ; Animals ; Antioxidants/pharmacology ; Drosophila melanogaster/drug effects ; Drosophila melanogaster/physiology ; Female ; Fertility/drug effects ; Flowers/chemistry ; Male ; Mortality ; Plant Extracts/pharmacology ; Rosa/chemistry
    Chemical Substances Antioxidants ; Plant Extracts
    Language English
    Publishing date 2008-03
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1427365-2
    ISSN 1557-7600 ; 1096-620X
    ISSN (online) 1557-7600
    ISSN 1096-620X
    DOI 10.1089/jmf.2007.546
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  10. Article ; Online: Exosomes as biomarker enriched microvesicles: characterization of exosomal proteins derived from a panel of prostate cell lines with distinct AR phenotypes.

    Hosseini-Beheshti, Elham / Pham, Steven / Adomat, Hans / Li, Na / Tomlinson Guns, Emma S

    Molecular & cellular proteomics : MCP

    2012  Volume 11, Issue 10, Page(s) 863–885

    Abstract: Prostate cancer is the leading type of cancer diagnosed in men. In 2010, ~217,730 new cases of prostate cancer were reported in the United States. Prompt diagnosis of the disease can substantially improve its clinical outcome. Improving capability for ... ...

    Abstract Prostate cancer is the leading type of cancer diagnosed in men. In 2010, ~217,730 new cases of prostate cancer were reported in the United States. Prompt diagnosis of the disease can substantially improve its clinical outcome. Improving capability for early detection, as well as developing new therapeutic targets in advanced disease are research priorities that will ultimately lead to better patient survival. Eukaryotic cells secrete proteins via distinct regulated mechanisms which are either ER/Golgi dependent or microvesicle mediated. The release of microvesicles has been shown to provide a novel mechanism for intercellular communication. Exosomes are nanometer sized cup-shaped membrane vesicles which are secreted from normal and cancerous cells. They are present in various biological fluids and are rich in characteristic proteins. Exosomes may thus have potential both in facilitating early diagnosis via less invasive procedures or be candidates for novel therapeutic approaches for castration resistance prostate cancer. Because exosomes have been shown previously to have a role in cell-cell communication in the local tumor microenvironment, conferring activation of numerous survival mechanisms, we characterized constitutive lipids, cholesterol and proteins from exosomes derived from six prostate cell lines and tracked their uptake in both cancerous and benign prostate cell lines respectively. Our comprehensive proteomic and lipidomic analysis of prostate derived exosomes could provide insight for future work on both biomarker and therapeutic targets for the treatment of prostate cancer.
    MeSH term(s) Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics ; Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism ; Cell Communication ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cholesterol/analysis ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Cytoplasmic Vesicles/chemistry ; Exosomes/chemistry ; Gene Expression ; Humans ; Male ; Mass Spectrometry ; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission ; Neoplasm Proteins/genetics ; Neoplasm Proteins/metabolism ; Prostate/chemistry ; Prostate/pathology ; Prostatic Neoplasms/chemistry ; Prostatic Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Prostatic Neoplasms/pathology ; Receptors, Androgen/genetics ; Receptors, Androgen/metabolism ; Sphingolipids/analysis ; Tumor Microenvironment
    Chemical Substances Biomarkers, Tumor ; Neoplasm Proteins ; Receptors, Androgen ; Sphingolipids ; Cholesterol (97C5T2UQ7J)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2012-06-21
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2075924-1
    ISSN 1535-9484 ; 1535-9476
    ISSN (online) 1535-9484
    ISSN 1535-9476
    DOI 10.1074/mcp.M111.014845
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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