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  1. Article ; Online: A tribute to James E. “Jim” Heubi, MD

    Philip A. Kern

    Journal of Clinical and Translational Science, Vol

    2022  Volume 6

    Keywords Medicine ; R
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Cambridge University Press
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article ; Online: 142 A Community Mini-Grant Program

    Ashley G. Hall / Philip A. Kern / Mudd-Martin

    Journal of Clinical and Translational Science, Vol 6, Pp 12-

    Community Leaders and Academic Partners Work Together to Improve Health in Appalachian Kentucky

    2022  Volume 12

    Abstract: OBJECTIVES/GOALS: Through the Community Mini-Grant program, the University of Kentucky Center for Clinical and Translational Science Community Engagement and Research Core (CERC) provides a unique funding mechanism designed to empower community response ... ...

    Abstract OBJECTIVES/GOALS: Through the Community Mini-Grant program, the University of Kentucky Center for Clinical and Translational Science Community Engagement and Research Core (CERC) provides a unique funding mechanism designed to empower community response by supporting local solutions to complex health issues facing central Appalachian Kentucky communities. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Four $2500 grants are awarded annually to Appalachian organizations to implement evidence-based programs responsive to community-identified priority health needs. The CERC also supports program implementation and evaluation by facilitating collaborations between the organizations, community practitioners, and academic researchers. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Since inception, grants have been awarded to 20 community organizations in 14 Appalachian counties. Health issues addressed have ranged from Alzheimers disease, cancer treatment and prevention, obesity, healthy lifestyle, and chronic disease management and prevention. Evidence-based programs have focused on improving health outcomes among older adults, caregivers, youth, children, women and infants, and families. Program outcomes have included immediate health benefits and long-term benefits resulting from community adoption of and ongoing financial support for programs. As example, results of an evidence-based educational program to improve diabetic foot assessment among clinicians in a large Appalachian healthcare network resulted in establishment of a traveling podiatrist program. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE: Community mini-grant recipients have successfully implemented projects that address the most significant health disparities in the region. Also of benefit are expanded partnerships that are foundational to the creation of new academic-community collaborations to address the challenging health issues of Appalachian populations in Kentucky.
    Keywords Medicine ; R
    Subject code 360
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-04-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Cambridge University Press
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: Optimizing team science in an academic medical center

    Hilary L. Surratt / Janet K. Otachi / Emily Slade / Philip A. Kern / Victoria King / Thomas H. Kelly / Robert S. DiPaola

    Journal of Clinical and Translational Science, Vol

    A qualitative examination of investigator perspectives

    2023  Volume 7

    Abstract: Abstract Introduction: Optimizing the effectiveness of a team-based approach to unite multiple disciplines in advancing specific translational areas of research is foundational to improving clinical practice. The current study was undertaken to examine ... ...

    Abstract Abstract Introduction: Optimizing the effectiveness of a team-based approach to unite multiple disciplines in advancing specific translational areas of research is foundational to improving clinical practice. The current study was undertaken to examine investigators’ experiences of participation in transdisciplinary team science initiatives, with a focus on challenges and recommendations for improving effectiveness. Methods: Qualitative interviews were conducted with investigators from twelve multidisciplinary teams awarded pilot research funding by the University of Kentucky College of Medicine to better understand the barriers and facilitators to effective team science within an academic medical center. An experienced qualitative researcher facilitated one-on-one interviews, which lasted about one hour. Structured consensus coding and thematic analysis were conducted. Results: The sample was balanced by gender, career stage (five were assistant professor at the time of the award, seven were senior faculty), and training (six were PhDs; six were MD physicians). Key themes at the team-level centered on the tension between clinical commitments and research pursuits and the limitations for effective team functioning. Access to tangible support from home departments and key university centers was identified as a critical organizational facilitator of successful project completion. Organizational barriers centered on operationalizing protected time for physicians, gaps in effective mentoring, and limitations in operational support. Conclusions: Prioritizing tailored mentoring and career development support for early career faculty, and particularly physician faculty, emerged as a key recommendation for improving team science in academic medical centers. The findings contribute to establishing best practices and policies for team science in academic medical centers.
    Keywords Team science ; career development ; program evaluation ; pilot programs ; physician scientist ; Medicine ; R
    Subject code 001
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Cambridge University Press
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article ; Online: The Disparities Researchers Equalizing Access for Minorities (DREAM) Scholars program

    Lovoria B. Williams / Hilary L. Surratt / Victoria L. King / Philip A. Kern

    Journal of Clinical and Translational Science, Vol

    career development for underrepresented health equity researchers

    2021  Volume 5

    Abstract: Diversity remains low among US colleges faculty, with only 3% identifying as Black or Hispanic. Moreover, underrepresented racial minority faculty often face unique challenges and are less likely than their white counterparts to earn higher academic rank, ...

    Abstract Diversity remains low among US colleges faculty, with only 3% identifying as Black or Hispanic. Moreover, underrepresented racial minority faculty often face unique challenges and are less likely than their white counterparts to earn higher academic rank, tenure, and funding, especially those who study health equity. We developed a novel program for health-equity focused pre-docs and junior faculty. The Disparities Researchers Equalizing Access for Minorities (DREAM) Scholars is a 24-month career development program led by the Center for Clinical and Translational Science (CCTS) that provides pilot and travel funding, career development seminars, mentoring, and writing retreats. We report the outcomes of the first Scholar cohort (N = 10), pre-docs n = 6; assistant professors, n = 4; seven were Black, one Hispanic, two White, one who identified as non-binary. At the end of the program, Scholars coauthored 34 manuscripts, 9 abstracts and 8 grants. Semi-structured interviews revealed seven major program strengths: funding, support and sense of community, accountability, exposure to translational science, network expansion, and exposure to multidisciplinary peers. Scholars provided feedback useful for subsequent cohorts. The DREAM program provided accountability and fostered a sense of community, expanded professional networks and enhanced scholarly productivity. The program serves as a model for implementation throughout the CCTSs.
    Keywords Career development ; underrepresented faculty ; mentoring ; health equity ; Medicine ; R
    Subject code 306
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Cambridge University Press
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article ; Online: Collaborative team dynamics and scholarly outcomes of multidisciplinary research teams

    Emily Slade / Philip A. Kern / Robert L. Kegebein / Chang Liu / Joel C. Thompson / Thomas H. Kelly / Victoria L. King / Robert S. DiPaola / Hilary L. Surratt

    Journal of Clinical and Translational Science, Vol

    A mixed-methods approach

    2023  Volume 7

    Abstract: Abstract Introduction: Impactful, transdisciplinary scientific discoveries are created by teams of researchers spanning multiple disciplines, but collaboration across disciplines can be challenging. We examined how team dynamics and collaboration are ... ...

    Abstract Abstract Introduction: Impactful, transdisciplinary scientific discoveries are created by teams of researchers spanning multiple disciplines, but collaboration across disciplines can be challenging. We examined how team dynamics and collaboration are related to successes and barriers faced by teams of researchers from multiple disciplines. Methods: A mixed-methods approach was used to examine 12 research teams granted multidisciplinary pilot awards. Team members were surveyed to assess their team dynamics and individual views about transdisciplinary research. Forty-seven researchers (59.5%) responded, including two to eight members from each funded team. Associations were examined between collaborative dynamics and scholarly product outcomes, including manuscripts, grant proposals, and awarded grants. One member from each team was selected for an in-depth interview to contextualize and extend information about collaborative processes, successes, and barriers to performing transdisciplinary research. Results: Quality of team interactions was positively associated with achievement of scholarly products (r = 0.64, p = 0.02). Satisfaction with team members (r = 0.38) and team collaboration scores (r = 0.43) also demonstrated positive associations with achievement of scholarly products, but these were not statistically significant. Qualitative results support these findings and add further insight into aspects of the collaborative process that were particularly important to foster success on multidisciplinary teams. Beyond scholarly metrics, additional successes from the multidisciplinary teams were identified through the qualitative portion of the study including career development and acceleration for early career researchers. Conclusions: Both the quantitative and qualitative study results indicate that effective collaboration is critical to multidisciplinary research team success. Development and/or promotion of team science-based trainings for researchers would promote these collaborative skills.
    Keywords Team science ; transdisciplinary research ; collaboration ; mixed methods ; evaluation ; Medicine ; R
    Subject code 001
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Cambridge University Press
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  6. Article ; Online: Macrophages expressing uncoupling protein 1 increase in adipose tissue in response to cold in humans

    Brian S. Finlin / Hasiyet Memetimin / Amy L. Confides / Beibei Zhu / Philip M. Westgate / Esther E. Dupont-Versteegden / Philip A. Kern

    Scientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2021  Volume 12

    Abstract: Abstract Acute cold induces beige adipocyte protein marker expression in human subcutaneous white adipose tissue (SC WAT) from both the cold treated and contralateral leg, and the immune system regulates SC WAT beiging in mice. Cold treatment ... ...

    Abstract Abstract Acute cold induces beige adipocyte protein marker expression in human subcutaneous white adipose tissue (SC WAT) from both the cold treated and contralateral leg, and the immune system regulates SC WAT beiging in mice. Cold treatment significantly increased the gene expression of the macrophage markers CD68 and 86 in SC WAT. Therefore, we comprehensively investigated the involvement of macrophages in SC WAT beiging in lean and obese humans by immunohistochemistry. Cold treatment significantly increased CD163/CD68 macrophages in SC WAT from the cold treated and contralateral legs of lean and obese subjects, and had similar effects on CD206/CD68 macrophages, whereas the effects on CD86/CD68 macrophages were inconsistent between lean and obese. However, linear regression analysis did not find significant relationships between the change in macrophage numbers and the change in UCP1 protein abundance. A high percentage of CD163 macrophages in SC WAT expressed UCP1, and these UCP1 expressing CD163 macrophages were significantly increased by cold treatment in SC WAT of lean subjects. In conclusion, our results suggest that CD163 macrophages are involved in some aspect of the tissue remodeling that occurs during SC WAT beiging in humans after cold treatment, but they are likely not direct mediators of the beiging process.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 616
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-12-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Nature Portfolio
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  7. Article ; Online: The Value of Innovation to Implementation Program (VI2P)

    Jing Li / Mark V. Williams / Cecilia Page / Lisa Cassis / Philip A. Kern / Robert S. DiPaola

    Learning Health Systems, Vol 3, Iss 4, Pp n/a-n/a (2019)

    A strategic approach to aligning and leveraging academic research and clinical care missions

    2019  

    Abstract: Abstract Problem Inefficient implementation of evidence‐based care garners increasing attention as a source of suboptimal value of clinical care, and integration of quality improvement methodology into clinical practice represents a potential solution. ... ...

    Abstract Abstract Problem Inefficient implementation of evidence‐based care garners increasing attention as a source of suboptimal value of clinical care, and integration of quality improvement methodology into clinical practice represents a potential solution. Academic medical centers (AMCs) often have expertise in implementation science, yet it is not leveraged effectively to solve operational inefficiencies or to rapidly implement evidence‐based practices (EBPs). Approach To leverage in‐house research expertise, the University of Kentucky (UK) College of Medicine and Center for Health Services Research (CHSR) launched a pilot awards program—Value of Innovation to Implementation Program (VI2P)—across its health system and six health professional colleges. Criteria for awards included a transdisciplinary research team and addressing health disparity issues faced by Kentucky. Outcome measures included EBP adoption and implementation and future funding. Outcomes The VI2P produced 26 transdisciplinary teams that submitted letters of intent. Ten teams were invited to submit full proposal, and four projects were selected for award, spanning the entire continuum of health‐impact research. Three nonawarded projects were implemented and prompted system redesign for an “implementation research living laboratory.” A Workgroup for ImplementatioN Science (WINS) was established to forge transdisciplinary teams to pursue federal grant funding yielding proposals totaling $17.17 million submitted, $4.38 million awarded, and $5.97 million under review. Junior faculty were encouraged to pursue implementation science as a research focus. Next Steps UK WINS will continue serve as the hub for dissemination and implementation researchers at UK. On the basis of the enthusiasm expressed by multiple groups and many inquiries about the future training opportunities at UK, we plan to develop a tailored dissemination and implementation (D&I) training program to build research and practice capacity at UK.
    Keywords evidence‐based practice ; implementation science ; transdisciplinary team ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920 ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
    Subject code 306
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-10-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Wiley
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  8. Article ; Online: Pioglitazone does not synergize with mirabegron to increase beige fat or further improve glucose metabolism

    Brian S. Finlin / Hasiyet Memetimin / Beibei Zhu / Amy L. Confides / Hemendra J. Vekaria / Riham H. El Khouli / Zachary R. Johnson / Philip M. Westgate / Jianzhong Chen / Andrew J. Morris / Patrick G. Sullivan / Esther E. Dupont-Versteegden / Philip A. Kern

    JCI Insight, Vol 6, Iss

    2021  Volume 6

    Abstract: BACKGROUND Beige and brown adipose tissue (BAT) are associated with improved metabolic homeostasis. We recently reported that the β3-adrenergic receptor agonist mirabegron induced beige adipose tissue in obese insulin-resistant subjects, and this was ... ...

    Abstract BACKGROUND Beige and brown adipose tissue (BAT) are associated with improved metabolic homeostasis. We recently reported that the β3-adrenergic receptor agonist mirabegron induced beige adipose tissue in obese insulin-resistant subjects, and this was accompanied by improved glucose metabolism. Here we evaluated pioglitazone treatment with a combination pioglitazone and mirabegron treatment and compared these with previously published data evaluating mirabegron treatment alone. Both drugs were used at FDA-approved dosages.METHODS We measured BAT by PET CT scans, measured beige adipose tissue by immunohistochemistry, and comprehensively characterized glucose and lipid homeostasis and insulin sensitivity by euglycemic clamp and oral glucose tolerance tests. Subcutaneous white adipose tissue, muscle fiber type composition and capillary density, lipotoxicity, and systemic inflammation were evaluated by immunohistochemistry, gene expression profiling, mass spectroscopy, and ELISAs.RESULTS Treatment with pioglitazone or the combination of pioglitazone and mirabegron increased beige adipose tissue protein marker expression and improved insulin sensitivity and glucose homeostasis, but neither treatment induced BAT in these obese subjects. When the magnitude of the responses to the treatments was evaluated, mirabegron was found to be the most effective at inducing beige adipose tissue. Although monotherapy with either mirabegron or pioglitazone induced adipose beiging, combination treatment resulted in less beiging than either alone. The 3 treatments also had different effects on muscle fiber type switching and capillary density.CONCLUSION The addition of pioglitazone to mirabegron treatment does not enhance beiging or increase BAT in obese insulin-resistant research participants.TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02919176.FUNDING NIH DK112282 and P20GM103527 and Clinical and Translational Science Awards grant UL1TR001998.
    Keywords Clinical trials ; Metabolism ; Medicine ; R
    Subject code 610 ; 616
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-03-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher American Society for Clinical investigation
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  9. Article ; Online: KL2 scholars’ perceptions of factors contributing to sustained translational science career success

    Susan S. Smyth / Barry S. Coller / Rebecca D. Jackson / Philip A. Kern / Scott McIntosh / Emma A. Meagher / Doris M. Rubio / Kathryn Sandberg / Joel Tsevat / Jason G. Umans / Jacqueline Attia / Heather L. Baker / Joan D. Nagel / Colleen A. McMullen / Erica Rosemond

    Journal of Clinical and Translational Science, Vol

    2022  Volume 6

    Abstract: Abstract Introduction: Identifying the most effective ways to support career development of early stage investigators in clinical and translational science should yield benefits for the biomedical research community. Institutions with Clinical and ... ...

    Abstract Abstract Introduction: Identifying the most effective ways to support career development of early stage investigators in clinical and translational science should yield benefits for the biomedical research community. Institutions with Clinical and Translational Science Awards (CTSA) offer KL2 programs to facilitate career development; however, the sustained impact has not been widely assessed. Methods: A survey comprised of quantitative and qualitative questions was sent to 2144 individuals that had previously received support through CTSA KL2 mechanisms. The 547 responses were analyzed with identifying information redacted. Results: Respondents held MD (47%), PhD (36%), and MD/PhD (13%) degrees. After KL2 support was completed, physicians’ time was divided 50% to research and 30% to patient care, whereas PhD respondents devoted 70% time to research. Funded research effort averaged 60% for the cohort. Respondents were satisfied with their career progression. More than 95% thought their current job was meaningful. Two-thirds felt confident or very confident in their ability to sustain a career in clinical and translational research. Factors cited as contributing to career success included protected time, mentoring, and collaborations. Conclusion: This first large systematic survey of KL2 alumni provides valuable insight into the group’s perceptions of the program and outcome information. Former scholars are largely satisfied with their career choice and direction, national recognition of their expertise, and impact of their work. Importantly, they identified training activities that contributed to success. Our results and future analysis of the survey data should inform the framework for developing platforms to launch sustaining careers of translational scientists.
    Keywords Career development ; translational science ; career success ; career satisfaction ; work impact ; Medicine ; R
    Subject code 300
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Cambridge University Press
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  10. Article ; Online: A guide for using NIH Image J for single slice cross-sectional area and composition analysis of the thigh from computed tomography.

    Douglas E Long / Alejandro G Villasante Tezanos / James N Wise / Philip A Kern / Marcas M Bamman / Charlotte A Peterson / Richard A Dennis

    PLoS ONE, Vol 14, Iss 2, p e

    2019  Volume 0211629

    Abstract: Reports using computed tomography (CT) to estimate thigh skeletal muscle cross-sectional area and mean muscle attenuation are often difficult to evaluate due to inconsistent methods of quantification and/or poorly described analysis methods. This CT ... ...

    Abstract Reports using computed tomography (CT) to estimate thigh skeletal muscle cross-sectional area and mean muscle attenuation are often difficult to evaluate due to inconsistent methods of quantification and/or poorly described analysis methods. This CT tutorial provides step-by-step instructions in using free, NIH Image J software to quantify both muscle size and composition in the mid-thigh, which was validated against a robust commercially available software, SliceOmatic. CT scans of the mid-thigh were analyzed from 101 healthy individuals aged 65 and older. Mean cross-sectional area and mean attenuation values are presented across seven defined Hounsfield unit (HU) ranges along with the percent contribution of each region to the total mid-thigh area. Inter-software correlation coefficients ranged from R2 = 0.92-0.99 for all specific area comparisons measured using the Image J method compared to SliceOmatic. We recommend reporting individual HU ranges for all areas measured. Although HU range 0-100 includes the majority of skeletal muscle area, HU range -29 to 150 appears to be the most inclusive for quantifying total thigh muscle. Reporting all HU ranges is necessary to determine the relative contribution of each, as they may be differentially affected by age, obesity, disease, and exercise. This standardized operating procedure will facilitate consistency among investigators reporting computed tomography characteristics of the thigh on single slice images. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02308228.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 333
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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