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  1. Article ; Online: Kinda baboons (Papio kindae) and grayfoot chacma baboons (P. ursinus griseipes) hybridize in the Kafue river valley, Zambia.

    Jolly, C J / Burrell, A S / Phillips-Conroy, J E / Bergey, C / Rogers, J

    American journal of primatology

    2011  Volume 73, Issue 3, Page(s) 291–303

    Abstract: The ranges of small kinda (Papio kindae) and much larger grayfooted chacma (P. ursinus griseipes) baboons adjoin in the Kafue National Park, Zambia. In a visual survey of baboons at 48 sites in the Kafue River drainage we found that, contrary to previous ...

    Abstract The ranges of small kinda (Papio kindae) and much larger grayfooted chacma (P. ursinus griseipes) baboons adjoin in the Kafue National Park, Zambia. In a visual survey of baboons at 48 sites in the Kafue River drainage we found that, contrary to previous reports, groups at the species interface near the town of Ngoma are phenotypically diverse and presumably formed by multigenerational hybridization. Mitochondrial and/or Y-chromosome genetic markers from fecal samples (N=164) collected at 29 sites support this conclusion. Groups with phenotypic signs of a history of hybridization also had taxon-specific mitochondria and Y-haplotypes from both parental species. Although the distribution of mitochondrial haplotypes largely mirrored that of external phenotypes, a significant proportion of male specimens from grayfoot as well as hybrid groups carried kinda Y-chromosomes, and kinda Y-chromosomes were involved in all observed cases of mitochondrial/Y-chromosome discordance. These observations are consistent with, though they do not prove, a population history in which the range of chacmas and the hybrid zone have advanced at the expense of the kinda range. They also suggest that, unexpectedly, kinda male×chacma female matings are much more common than the reciprocal cross in the ancestry of hybrids. We suggest that distinctive male kinda behavior and the "juvenile" appearance of kinda baboons of both sexes, perhaps combined with obstetric difficulties of a small kinda female carrying the large offspring of a chacma male, may account for this bias.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Animals, Wild/anatomy & histology ; Animals, Wild/genetics ; DNA, Mitochondrial/genetics ; DNA, Mitochondrial/isolation & purification ; Female ; Genes, Y-Linked/genetics ; Genetic Markers ; Genetic Variation ; Haplotypes ; Hybridization, Genetic ; Male ; Papio/anatomy & histology ; Papio/genetics ; Papio ursinus/anatomy & histology ; Papio ursinus/genetics ; Phenotype ; Sexual Behavior, Animal ; Zambia
    Chemical Substances DNA, Mitochondrial ; Genetic Markers
    Language English
    Publishing date 2011-03
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1495834-x
    ISSN 1098-2345 ; 0275-2565
    ISSN (online) 1098-2345
    ISSN 0275-2565
    DOI 10.1002/ajp.20896
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  2. Article: Field primatology and biomedical research.

    Phillips-Conroy, J E / Jolly, C J

    Science (New York, N.Y.)

    1999  Volume 284, Issue 5411, Page(s) 50

    MeSH term(s) Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/virology ; Animals ; Ape Diseases/virology ; Cercopithecus aethiops/virology ; Ethiopia ; Pan troglodytes/virology ; Papio/virology ; Research ; Sampling Studies ; Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/transmission ; Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/virology ; Tanzania
    Language English
    Publishing date 1999-04-02
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Comment ; Letter
    ZDB-ID 128410-1
    ISSN 1095-9203 ; 0036-8075
    ISSN (online) 1095-9203
    ISSN 0036-8075
    DOI 10.1126/science.284.5411.49e
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  3. Article: Baboons, diet, and disease: food plant selection and schistosomiasis

    Phillips-Conroy, J.E

    Current perspectives in primate social dynamics / edited by David M. Taub and Frederick A. King.

    1986  

    Keywords diet ; Papio ; browsing ; Balanites aegyptiaca ; feeding preferences ; schistosomiasis ; Schistosoma ; Ethiopia
    Language English
    Size p. 287-304., maps.
    Publisher Van Nostrand Reinhold, c1986.
    Publishing place New York
    Document type Article
    ISBN 0442282893 ; 9780442282899
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  4. Article: Serum leptin levels in wild and captive populations of baboons (papio): implications for the ancestral role of leptin.

    Banks, W A / Phillips-Conroy, J E / Jolly, C J / Morley, J E

    The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism

    2001  Volume 86, Issue 9, Page(s) 4315–4320

    Abstract: Leptin has emerged as the major lipostat, regulating adiposity by affecting feeding behavior and thermogenesis. Leptin levels in normal-weight Western humans and in captive rodents are 5-15 ng/ml. But evidence suggests that these levels are abnormally ... ...

    Abstract Leptin has emerged as the major lipostat, regulating adiposity by affecting feeding behavior and thermogenesis. Leptin levels in normal-weight Western humans and in captive rodents are 5-15 ng/ml. But evidence suggests that these levels are abnormally high and that leptin may have evolved as a more general metabolic signal, with its most robust effects at lower levels. If this is true, then wild, healthy animal populations should have lower levels of leptin than captive populations and Western Man. We examined leptin levels in wild, East African populations of baboons (Papio anubis, P. hamadryas, and anubis/hamadryas hybrids). Serum leptin levels averaged less than 1 ng/ml, and no differences occurred in leptin levels among the species. In wild baboons, serum leptin levels were highest in the youngest baboons, with a trend toward an inverse relation between dental age and serum leptin levels. In comparison, captive baboons had levels about three times higher than wild baboons, with a clear inverse relation between age and leptin levels. These results support the view that leptin evolved to be effective at low levels.
    MeSH term(s) Aging/metabolism ; Animals ; Body Weight/physiology ; Female ; Leptin/blood ; Leptin/physiology ; Male ; Papio/metabolism ; Quality Control ; Species Specificity
    Chemical Substances Leptin
    Language English
    Publishing date 2001-09
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Comparative Study ; Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 3029-6
    ISSN 1945-7197 ; 0021-972X
    ISSN (online) 1945-7197
    ISSN 0021-972X
    DOI 10.1210/jcem.86.9.7874
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  5. Article: Hematocrits of free-ranging baboons: variation within and among populations.

    Phillips-Conroy, J E / Jolly, C J / Rogers, J

    Journal of medical primatology

    1987  Volume 16, Issue 6, Page(s) 389–402

    Abstract: Hematocrits among free-ranging baboons (Papio hamadryas subsp.), from Awash in Ethiopia and Mikumi in Tanzania, varied by region, sex, age, and season of collection. Tanzanian animals had higher mean values than Ethiopian, and hematocrits were higher in ... ...

    Abstract Hematocrits among free-ranging baboons (Papio hamadryas subsp.), from Awash in Ethiopia and Mikumi in Tanzania, varied by region, sex, age, and season of collection. Tanzanian animals had higher mean values than Ethiopian, and hematocrits were higher in the dry season. We discuss the comparability of field and laboratory data and possible reasons for the observed variation.
    MeSH term(s) Age Factors ; Animals ; Animals, Wild/blood ; Ethiopia ; Female ; Hematocrit/veterinary ; Male ; Papio/blood ; Pregnancy ; Reference Values ; Seasons ; Sex Factors ; Tanzania
    Language English
    Publishing date 1987
    Publishing country Denmark
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 121206-0
    ISSN 1600-0684 ; 0047-2565
    ISSN (online) 1600-0684
    ISSN 0047-2565
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  6. Article: Characteristics of hamadryas-like male baboons living in anubis baboon troops in the Awash hybrid zone, Ethiopia.

    Phillips-Conroy, J E / Jolly, C J / Brett, F L

    American journal of physical anthropology

    1991  Volume 86, Issue 3, Page(s) 353–368

    Abstract: In the twenty-two years since the Awash baboon hybrid zone was first described, about 25-30 hamadryas or hamadryas-like hybrid males have taken up residence in anubis baboon groups. Most enter as mature adults, though some may immigrate as juvenile ... ...

    Abstract In the twenty-two years since the Awash baboon hybrid zone was first described, about 25-30 hamadryas or hamadryas-like hybrid males have taken up residence in anubis baboon groups. Most enter as mature adults, though some may immigrate as juvenile followers. Long-term tracking of known immigrants indicates that they may reside for four years or more in their adopted troop, during which time they establish a series of comparatively short-term harems, and probably sire hybrid offspring. "Abductions" of anubis females to hamadryas troops, as postulated by early observers, were not seen, though their occurrence cannot be ruled out. Younger, more recent immigrants tend to be "purer" hamadryas in phenotype, perhaps reflecting a more distant origin, or a change in the composition of neighboring hamadryas populations. Coexisting hamadryas and anubis show no signs of reproductive isolation by behavioral barriers, and evidently belong to a single "recognition species."
    MeSH term(s) Age Factors ; Animals ; Body Weight ; Breeding ; Crosses, Genetic ; Ethiopia ; Male ; Papio/anatomy & histology ; Papio/genetics ; Papio/physiology ; Phenotype
    Language English
    Publishing date 1991-11
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 219376-0
    ISSN 1096-8644 ; 0002-9483
    ISSN (online) 1096-8644
    ISSN 0002-9483
    DOI 10.1002/ajpa.1330860304
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  7. Article: The effects of ingesting plant hormones on schistosomiasis in mice: an experimental study

    Phillips-Conroy, J.E / Knopf, P.M

    Biochemical systematics and ecology. 1986. v. 14 (6)

    1986  

    Keywords mice ; schistosomiasis ; growth regulators
    Language English
    Size p. 637-645.
    Document type Article
    ISSN 0305-1978
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  8. Article: Duration of the third stage of labor in a female yellow baboon from Mikumi National Park, Tanzania.

    Phillips-Conroy, J E / Rogers, J A

    Folia primatologica; international journal of primatology

    1985  Volume 45, Issue 1, Page(s) 44–47

    Abstract: In human obstetrical practice, placental retention is defined as failure of placental expulsion within 45 min of fetal delivery, and is of concern given the potential for hemorrhage or infection. Because of the difficulty in observing the parturition ... ...

    Abstract In human obstetrical practice, placental retention is defined as failure of placental expulsion within 45 min of fetal delivery, and is of concern given the potential for hemorrhage or infection. Because of the difficulty in observing the parturition event, few data exist on variation in the duration of this stage of labor in free-ranging primates. In Mikumi National Park in Tanzania we recorded an interval in excess of 2 h between delivery of the infant and expulsion of the placenta in a yellow baboon (Papio cynocephalus). This observation is a significant addition to our knowledge of normal parturition in the wild.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Female ; Labor, Obstetric ; Papio/physiology ; Pregnancy ; Time Factors
    Language English
    Publishing date 1985
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 2041-2
    ISSN 1421-9980 ; 0015-5713
    ISSN (online) 1421-9980
    ISSN 0015-5713
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  9. Article: SIVagm incidence over two decades in a natural population of Ethiopian grivet monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops aethiops).

    Jolly CJoff / Phillips-Conroy, J E / Turner, T R / Broussard, S / Allan, J S

    Journal of medical primatology

    1996  Volume 25, Issue 2, Page(s) 78–83

    Abstract: The incidence of SIVagm seropositivity in a natural population of Ethiopian grivet monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops aethiops) is investigated using plasma samples collected in 1973, and shown to be similar to that reported from the same population in 1990- ...

    Abstract The incidence of SIVagm seropositivity in a natural population of Ethiopian grivet monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops aethiops) is investigated using plasma samples collected in 1973, and shown to be similar to that reported from the same population in 1990-91. Results tend to support our previous conclusions: endemic SIVagm has little or no impact on the survival of wild grivet monkeys, and the virus is transmitted almost always by sexual contact, occasionally by trauma, and rarely if ever maternally. Small differences between 1973 and 1990-93 suggest that the stress of drought years may raise the incidence of traumatic transmission, and temporarily depress transmission by sexual activity, in this population.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Body Weight ; Cercopithecus aethiops ; Ethiopia/epidemiology ; Female ; Incidence ; Male ; Sexually Transmitted Diseases ; Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/epidemiology ; Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/transmission ; Simian Immunodeficiency Virus ; Survival
    Language English
    Publishing date 1996-04
    Publishing country Denmark
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 121206-0
    ISSN 1600-0684 ; 0047-2565
    ISSN (online) 1600-0684
    ISSN 0047-2565
    DOI 10.1111/j.1600-0684.1996.tb00198.x
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  10. Article: Sexual transmission of SIVagm in wild grivet monkeys.

    Phillips-Conroy, J E / Jolly, C J / Petros, B / Allan, J S / Desrosiers, R C

    Journal of medical primatology

    1994  Volume 23, Issue 1, Page(s) 1–7

    Abstract: This study reports the prevalence of simian immunodeficiency virus and the relationship of serostatus to age and sex among a wild population of Ethiopian grivet monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops aethiops). Seropositivity paralleled patterns of sexual ... ...

    Abstract This study reports the prevalence of simian immunodeficiency virus and the relationship of serostatus to age and sex among a wild population of Ethiopian grivet monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops aethiops). Seropositivity paralleled patterns of sexual activity, being nearly universal in females of reproductive age, and absent in all males except those that were fully adult. One female seroconverted between two capture seasons at an age consistent with first breeding. Our findings support a predominantly sexual mode of transmission among SIVagm infected grivets.
    MeSH term(s) Age Factors ; Animals ; Animals, Wild ; Antibodies, Viral/blood ; Cercopithecus aethiops ; Disease Transmission, Infectious/veterinary ; Ethiopia ; Female ; Male ; Sex Factors ; Sexual Behavior, Animal ; Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Viral/veterinary ; Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/transmission ; Simian Immunodeficiency Virus/pathogenicity
    Chemical Substances Antibodies, Viral
    Language English
    Publishing date 1994-01
    Publishing country Denmark
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 121206-0
    ISSN 1600-0684 ; 0047-2565
    ISSN (online) 1600-0684
    ISSN 0047-2565
    DOI 10.1111/j.1600-0684.1994.tb00088.x
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