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Article ; Online: Reevaluation of ethylene role in Arabidopsis cauline leaf abscission induced by water stress and rewatering.

Meir, Shimon / Philosoph-Hadas, Sonia / Salim, Shoshana / Segev, Adi / Riov, Joseph

Plant direct

2022 Volume 6, Issue 9, Page(s) e444

Abstract: It was previously reported that cauline leaf abscission in Arabidopsis is induced by a cycle of water stress and rewatering, which is regulated by the complex of INFLORESCENCE DEFICIENT IN ABSCISSION (IDA), HAESA (HAE), and HAESA-LIKE2 (HSL2) kinases. ... ...

Abstract	It was previously reported that cauline leaf abscission in Arabidopsis is induced by a cycle of water stress and rewatering, which is regulated by the complex of INFLORESCENCE DEFICIENT IN ABSCISSION (IDA), HAESA (HAE), and HAESA-LIKE2 (HSL2) kinases. However, the involvement of ethylene in this process was ruled out. Because this conclusion contradicts the well-established role of ethylene in organ abscission induced by a cycle of water stress and rewatering, our present study was aimed to reevaluate the possible involvement of ethylene in this process. For this purpose, we examined the endogenous ethylene production during water stress and following rewatering, as well as the effects of exogenous ethylene and 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP), on cauline leaf abscission of Arabidopsis wild type. Additionally, we examined whether this stress induces cauline leaf abscission in ethylene-insensitive Arabidopsis mutants. The results of the present study demonstrated that ethylene production rates increased significantly in cauline leaves at 4 h after rewatering of stressed plants and remained high for at least 24 h in plants water-stressed to 40 and 30% of system weight. Ethylene treatment applied to well-watered plants induced cauline leaf abscission, which was inhibited by 1-MCP. Cauline leaf abscission was also inhibited by 1-MCP applied during a cycle of water stress and rewatering. Finally, no abscission occurred in two ethylene-insensitive mutants,
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-05
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2475-4455
ISSN (online)	2475-4455
DOI	10.1002/pld3.444
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Prevention of stem-base splitting in cut Zantedeschia aethiopica flowers by pulsing with salt solutions

Salim, S / Philosoph-Hadas, S / Meir, S

Acta horticulturae. 2019, , no. 1263

2019

Abstract: Stem-base splitting is a postharvest problem in several geophyte cut flowers, including Zantedeschia aethiopica. This phenomenon interferes with the flower packaging, and negatively affects the flower appearance during marketing and vase life due to the ... ...

Abstract	Stem-base splitting is a postharvest problem in several geophyte cut flowers, including Zantedeschia aethiopica. This phenomenon interferes with the flower packaging, and negatively affects the flower appearance during marketing and vase life due to the upward curling of the stem edges. A partially effective solution to prevent this problem was previously reported, using sucrose pulsing with the preservative 8-hydroxyquinoline citrate (8-HQC). However, this combination did not improve spathe longevity, and enhanced leaf senescence of cut Z. aethiopica flowers. The purpose of the present study was to develop an alternative treatment for preventing stem-base splitting. Our results show that pulsing the stems for 24 h with salts, such as 0.3% NaCl, 0.37% KCl or 0.5% CaCl(2), completely prevented the problem in cut Z. aethiopica flowers without causing any adverse effects. Distilled water significantly aggravated the stem-base splitting compared to tap water, while the type of salt had no effect, provided that its concentration was at least 50 mM. These results suggest that the electrical conductivity of the salt solution, which reflects the solution osmotic potential, plays a significant role in preventing the splitting phenomenon, rather than the specific effect of Ca2+ ions, which prevented fruit tissue cracking. Thus, in order to prevent the stem-base splitting in cut Zantedeschia flowers, it is recommended to pulse the stems for 24 h with any salt solution at a concentration that yields an electrical conductivity of at least 5600 µS cm(‑1). The salt solutions should be prepared in tap water in the presence of chlorine (50 µg L(‑1)), to avoid pathogen development during pulsing. The results suggest a simple, very effective, and low cost treatment to prevent the stem-base splitting also in other geophyte cut flowers that suffer from this problem.
Keywords	8-hydroxyquinoline citrate ; Zantedeschia aethiopica ; adverse effects ; calcium ; chlorine ; cut flowers ; electrical conductivity ; flowers ; fruit cracking ; fruits ; geophytes ; ions ; leaves ; marketing ; osmotic pressure ; packaging ; plant pathogens ; potassium chloride ; sodium chloride ; spathes ; stems ; sucrose ; tap water ; vase life
Language	English
Size	p. 375-382.
Publishing place	International Society for Horticultural Science.
Document type	Article
Note	Paper presented at the XXX International Horticultural Congress IHC2018: International Symposium on Ornamental Horticulture and XI International Symposium on Postharvest Quality of Ornamental Plants held August 12, 2018, Istanbul, Turkey
ISSN	0567-7572
DOI	10.17660/ActaHortic.2019.1263.49
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Article: Expression Kinetics of Regulatory Genes Involved in the Vesicle Trafficking Processes Operating in Tomato Flower Abscission Zone Cells during Pedicel Abscission.

Sundaresan, Srivignesh / Philosoph-Hadas, Sonia / Riov, Joseph / Salim, Shoshana / Meir, Shimon

Life (Basel, Switzerland)

2020 Volume 10, Issue 11

Abstract: The abscission process occurs in a specific abscission zone (AZ) as a consequence of the middle lamella dissolution, cell wall degradation, and formation of a defense layer. The proteins and metabolites related to these processes are secreted by vesicle ... ...

Abstract	The abscission process occurs in a specific abscission zone (AZ) as a consequence of the middle lamella dissolution, cell wall degradation, and formation of a defense layer. The proteins and metabolites related to these processes are secreted by vesicle trafficking through the plasma membrane to the cell wall and middle lamella of the separating cells in the AZ. We investigated this process, since the regulation of vesicle trafficking in abscission systems is poorly understood. The data obtained describe, for the first time, the kinetics of the upregulated expression of genes encoding the components involved in vesicle trafficking, occurring specifically in the tomato (
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-11-06
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2662250-6
ISSN	2075-1729
ISSN	2075-1729
DOI	10.3390/life10110273
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Article: Raising the pH of the Pulsing Solution Improved the Acropetal Transport of NAA and 2,4-D and Their Efficacy in Reducing Floret Bud Abscission of Red Cestrum Cut Flowers.

Abebie, Bekele / Philosoph-Hadas, Sonia / Riov, Joseph / Huberman, Moshe / Goren, Raphael / Meir, Shimon

Frontiers in plant science

2020 Volume 11, Page(s) 825

Abstract: The use of auxins to improve the vase life of cut flowers is very limited. Previous studies demonstrated that a pulse treatment of Red Cestrum ( ...

Abstract	The use of auxins to improve the vase life of cut flowers is very limited. Previous studies demonstrated that a pulse treatment of Red Cestrum (
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-06-24
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2613694-6
ISSN	1664-462X
ISSN	1664-462X
DOI	10.3389/fpls.2020.00825
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Article: Delaying petal blackening of cut sacred lotus flowers by packaging conditions during storage

Buanong, M / Wongs-Aree, C / Meir, S / Philosoph-Hadas, S

Acta horticulturae. 2019, , no. 1263

2019

Abstract: The demand for cut flowers of sacred lotus (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.), is progressively increasing both in the local and export markets. However, flower marketability is limited mainly due to the rapid blackening of the outer petals after harvest, ... ...

Abstract	The demand for cut flowers of sacred lotus (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.), is progressively increasing both in the local and export markets. However, flower marketability is limited mainly due to the rapid blackening of the outer petals after harvest, resulting in a very short vase life of only 2-3 days. The objective of this study was to develop optimal packaging conditions during transport for sacred lotus flowers. Cut lotus flowers were packed in the following conditions: no bags (paper wrap), perforated bags and modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) - sealed bags in which MA was created. All bags were of 30 µ thickness. The packed flowers were stored at 13°C for two days and subsequently transferred to 25°C for additional 4-8 days (market simulation). The results showed that during the storage period under MAP, CO(2) and ethylene accumulated to high levels, while O(2) levels decreased. These treatments reduced the petal blackening after 3-day storage, compared to control bags. However, MAP at 13°C for two days delayed petal blackening by only one day compared to the other packaging treatments. Therefore, we further studied the effect of MAP with bags varying in their thickness (30 and 50 µ) during storage at 25°C. The results show that in the thick MAP bags, the gas levels ranged between 6 and 10% CO(2) and 8-32 µL L(‑1) ethylene, while O(2) continuously decreased up to 5% throughout the storage period. Consequently, the petal blackening was delayed for 10 days, while in the other bags it was delayed for only six days. It seems, therefore, that packaging cut lotus flowers under MAP in sealed 50 µ-thick bags was the best method for delaying their petal blackening. This suggests a protective role for high CO(2) and low O(2) in preventing petal blackening.
Keywords	Nelumbo nucifera ; bags ; carbon dioxide ; corolla ; cut flowers ; ethylene ; exports ; markets ; modified atmosphere packaging ; oxygen ; paper ; protective effect ; storage temperature ; storage time ; vase life
Language	English
Size	p. 367-374.
Publishing place	International Society for Horticultural Science.
Document type	Article
Note	Paper presented at the XXX International Horticultural Congress IHC2018: International Symposium on Ornamental Horticulture and XI International Symposium on Postharvest Quality of Ornamental Plants held August 12, 2018, Istanbul, Turkey
ISSN	0567-7572
DOI	10.17660/ActaHortic.2019.1263.48
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Article: Variability in the response to ethylene of cut flowers of three Vanda orchid cultivars

Khunmuang, S / Kanlayanarat, S / Wongs-Aree, C / Meir, S / Philosoph-Hadas, S / Buanong, M

Acta horticulturae. 2019 Nov. 20, , no. 1262

2019

Abstract: Ethylene plays an important role in the senescence of most cut flowers – including members of the family Orchidaceae – but sensitivity to ethylene varies among species and cultivars. Therefore, we compared ethylene sensitivity in cut flowers of three ... ...

Abstract	Ethylene plays an important role in the senescence of most cut flowers – including members of the family Orchidaceae – but sensitivity to ethylene varies among species and cultivars. Therefore, we compared ethylene sensitivity in cut flowers of three Vanda orchid cultivars: ‘Pure Wax’, ‘Pachara Delight’, and ‘Sansai Blue’. The flowers were exposed to air (control), 10 μL L(‑1) ethylene for 24 h, or 0.2 μL L(‑1) 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP; an ethylene inhibitor) for 6 h. Ethylene reduced the vase lives of all three cultivars by approximately 50%, and 1-MCP extended their vase lives, but each cultivar had a different response to ethylene regarding pigmentation. The anthocyanin content of ‘Pure Wax’ was almost unaffected by ethylene, except at the bud stage, whereas in ‘Pachara Delight’ it was partially reduced after 2 days, mainly in the full bloom stage. The anthocyanin content of ‘Sansai Blue’ was completely reduced during this period after exposure to only 1 μL L(‑1) ethylene. The ethylene-treated ‘Pure Wax’ and ‘Pachara Delight’ flowers exhibited increased wilting and sleepiness compared to the control flowers. In contrast, the ethylene-treated ‘Sansai Blue’ flowers immediately discoloured, and the faded flowers did not wilt during the subsequent 7 days. Anthocyanin breakdown in ‘Sansai Blue’ was related to its comparatively high sensitivity to ethylene. Examination of changes in other quality parameters of the ‘Sansai Blue’ flowers over 2 days following ethylene treatment revealed that ethylene significantly reduced their fresh weight, but not their water uptake rate, ion leakage, and amino acid and protein contents. However, as expected, the rates of ethylene evolution and respiration increased slightly in response to ethylene treatment. All three cultivars are sensitive to exogenous ethylene, but their ethylene-induced colour-fading responses differ. In cut ‘Sansai Blue’ flowers, ethylene first promotes petal anthocyanin degradation, then other typical senescence-related processes.
Keywords	1-methylcyclopropene ; Vanda ; air ; amino acids ; anthocyanins ; cultivars ; cut flowers ; ethylene ; ethylene inhibitors ; ethylene production ; flowering ; flowers ; pigmentation ; protein content ; water uptake ; wilting
Language	English
Dates of publication	2019-1120
Size	p. 241-249.
Publishing place	International Society for Horticultural Science.
Document type	Article
Note	Paper presented at the III International Orchid Symposium held Apr 24, 2017 Seoul, Korea
ISSN	0567-7572
DOI	10.17660/ActaHortic.2019.1262.32
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Article ; Online: Characterization of Two Ethephon-Induced

Rai, Avinash Chandra / Halon, Eyal / Zemach, Hanita / Zviran, Tali / Sisai, Isaac / Philosoph-Hadas, Sonia / Meir, Shimon / Cohen, Yuval / Irihimovitch, Vered

Genes

2021 Volume 12, Issue 3

Abstract: In mango ( ...

Abstract	In mango (
MeSH term(s)	Arabidopsis/genetics ; Arabidopsis/physiology ; Cytosol ; Flowers/genetics ; Flowers/physiology ; Gene Expression Profiling/methods ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant/drug effects ; Mangifera/genetics ; Mangifera/physiology ; Organophosphorus Compounds/pharmacology ; Plant Growth Regulators/pharmacology ; Plant Proteins/genetics ; Plants, Genetically Modified/physiology ; Sequence Analysis, RNA ; Up-Regulation
Chemical Substances	Organophosphorus Compounds ; Plant Growth Regulators ; Plant Proteins ; ethephon (XU5R5VQ87S)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-19
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2527218-4
ISSN	2073-4425 ; 2073-4425
ISSN (online)	2073-4425
ISSN	2073-4425
DOI	10.3390/genes12030439
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Article ; Online: Role of the KNOTTED1-LIKE HOMEOBOX protein (KD1) in regulating abscission of tomato flower pedicels at early and late stages of the process.

Sundaresan, Srivignesh / Philosoph-Hadas, Sonia / Ma, Chao / Jiang, Cai-Zhong / Riov, Joseph / Kochanek, Betina / Salim, Shoshana / Reid, Michael S / Meir, Shimon

Physiologia plantarum

2021 Volume 173, Issue 4, Page(s) 2103–2118

Abstract: The KNOTTED1-LIKE HOMEOBOX PROTEIN1 (KD1) gene is highly expressed in flower and leaf abscission zones (AZs), and KD1 was reported to regulate tomato flower pedicel abscission via alteration of the auxin gradient and response in the flower AZ (FAZ). The ... ...

Abstract	The KNOTTED1-LIKE HOMEOBOX PROTEIN1 (KD1) gene is highly expressed in flower and leaf abscission zones (AZs), and KD1 was reported to regulate tomato flower pedicel abscission via alteration of the auxin gradient and response in the flower AZ (FAZ). The present work was aimed to further examine how KD1 regulates signaling factors and regulatory genes involved in pedicel abscission, by using silenced KD1 lines and performing a large-scale transcriptome profiling of the FAZ before and after flower removal, using a customized AZ-specific microarray. The results highlighted a differential expression of regulatory genes in the FAZ of KD1-silenced plants compared to the wild-type. In the TAPG4::antisense KD1-silenced plants, KD1 gene expression decreased before flower removal, resulting in altered expression of regulatory genes, such as epigenetic modifiers, transcription factors, posttranslational regulators, and antioxidative defense factors occurring at zero time and before affecting auxin levels in the FAZ detected at 4 h after flower removal. The expression of additional regulatory genes was altered in the FAZ of KD1-silenced plants at 4-20 h after flower removal, thereby leading to an inhibited abscission phenotype, and downregulation of genes involved in abscission execution and defense processes. Our data suggest that KD1 is a master regulator of the abscission process, which promotes abscission of tomato flower pedicels. This suggestion is based on the inhibitory effect of KD1 silencing on flower pedicel abscission that operates via alteration of various regulatory pathways, which delay the competence acquisition of the FAZ cells to respond to ethylene signaling.
MeSH term(s)	Flowers/genetics ; Flowers/metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Homeodomain Proteins ; Lycopersicon esculentum/genetics ; Lycopersicon esculentum/metabolism ; Plant Proteins/genetics ; Plant Proteins/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Homeodomain Proteins ; Plant Proteins
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-10-10
Publishing country	Denmark
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2020837-6
ISSN	1399-3054 ; 0031-9317
ISSN (online)	1399-3054
ISSN	0031-9317
DOI	10.1111/ppl.13560
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Article: Galactose inhibits the conversion of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic Acid to ethylene in aged tobacco leaf discs.

Philosoph-Hadas, S / Aharoni, N

Plant physiology

2006 Volume 83, Issue 1, Page(s) 8–11

Abstract: d-Galactose has been shown to have toxic and growth inhibitory effects in plants. When applied at levels of 50 millimolar to tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L. cv Xanthi) leaf discs galactose caused a rapid increase in ethylene production during the first 2 ... ...

Abstract	d-Galactose has been shown to have toxic and growth inhibitory effects in plants. When applied at levels of 50 millimolar to tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L. cv Xanthi) leaf discs galactose caused a rapid increase in ethylene production during the first 2 days of incubation, followed by a rapid return to the basal level on the third day. This pattern of galactose-stimulated ethylene production was accompanied by increased formation of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC), which accumulated without being metabolized to ethylene or to the ACC-conjugate. The inhibitory effect of galactose (50 millimolar) on the conversion of ACC of ethylene was relieved partially by d-glucose or sucrose (50 millimolar), and completely by CO(2) (10%), which were shown to enhance this conversion by themselves. Consequently, application of galactose plus any one of these compounds increased ethylene production and decreased free ACC levels. The data suggest that galactose toxicity may result in both an increased ethylene production as well as in accumulation of free ACC in aged discs. The increased ethylene production rates and ACC levels may, in turn, play a role in the development of symptoms associated with galactose toxicity.
Language	English
Publishing date	2006-04-28
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	208914-2
ISSN	1532-2548 ; 0032-0889
ISSN (online)	1532-2548
ISSN	0032-0889
DOI	10.1104/pp.83.1.8
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Article: Postharvest Handling and Quality Preservation of Selected Novel Leafy Ornamentals Shipped by Sea Transport

Philosoph-Hadas, S / Shtein, I / Perzelan, Y / Shahar-Ivanov, Y / Salim, S / Kochanek, B / Meir, S

Acta horticulturae. 2015 Sept. 30, , no. 1097

2015

Abstract: Four Australian leafy ornamentals products with high export potential as decorative foliage were selected and protocols were developed for optimum postharvest handling to allow successful sea shipment from Israel to Europe. The selected foliage included: ...

Abstract	Four Australian leafy ornamentals products with high export potential as decorative foliage were selected and protocols were developed for optimum postharvest handling to allow successful sea shipment from Israel to Europe. The selected foliage included: Dodonaea ‘Dana’, an Israeli hybrid of Dodonaea viscosa L., displaying purple tinted leaves and red decorative fruits; Grevillea robusta, which has dark green delicately bipinnatifid or fernlike leaves, with grayish-white or rusty undersides; Grevillea baileyana, which has unique bicolored appearance, being green on the upper side and bronze/gold on the lower side of the leaf; Eucalyptus gomphocephala ‘Kaduri-Kkl’, an Israeli hybrid of E. gomphocephala producing a shrub of globular form, displaying leaves which are reddish when young and green when mature. The postharvest problems encountered during the export of these ornamentals include: leaf wilting (Dodonaea ‘Dana’, E. gomphocephala ‘Kaduri-Kkl’), leaf blackening (G. robusta), and chilling injury (CI) (G. baileyana). Various strategies were used to overcome these problems and enable successful sea transport (11-12 days/2°C) without loss of quality. For Dodonaea ‘Dana’, abscisic acid (ABA) treatments combined with silver thiosulfate (STS) were applied to reduce leaf transpiration and wilting. G. robusta was pulsed with quaternary ammonium compounds and surfactants (TOG-11), in combination with STS, in order to achieve reduced leaf blackening and wilting. For G. baileyana, an acclimatization 24-h period at 7°C prior to shipment at 2°C reduced CI symptoms. E. ‘Kaduri-Kkl’ pulsing with 0.5% Long Life formulation (0.42% glucose and preservatives) reduced wilting and extended vase life. These postharvest treatments, which can assist in preserving the quality and vase life of these selected, novel foliage products during shipment, can significantly increase their potential for use in floriculture.
Keywords	Dodonaea viscosa ; Eucalyptus ; Grevillea robusta ; abscisic acid ; acclimation ; chilling injury ; exports ; floriculture ; fruits ; glucose ; hybrids ; leaves ; ornamental plants ; postharvest treatment ; preservatives ; quaternary ammonium compounds ; sea transportation ; shrubs ; silver thiosulfate ; surfactants ; transpiration ; vase life ; wilting ; Europe ; Israel
Language	English
Dates of publication	2015-0930
Size	p. 63-72.
Publishing place	International Society for Horticultural Science.
Document type	Article
Note	Paper presented at the VIII International Symposium on New Ornamental Crops and XII International Protea Research Symposium held August 20-24 2015, Perth, Australia
ISSN	0567-7572
DOI	10.17660/ActaHortic.2015.1097.7
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