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Article ; Online: Exploration of differentiability in a proton computed tomography simulation framework.

Aehle, Max / Alme, Johan / Gábor Barnaföldi, Gergely / Blühdorn, Johannes / Bodova, Tea / Borshchov, Vyacheslav / van den Brink, Anthony / Eikeland, Viljar / Feofilov, Gregory / Garth, Christoph / Gauger, Nicolas R / Grøttvik, Ola / Helstrup, Håvard / Igolkin, Sergey / Keidel, Ralf / Kobdaj, Chinorat / Kortus, Tobias / Kusch, Lisa / Leonhardt, Viktor /

Mehendale, Shruti / Ningappa Mulawade, Raju / Harald Odland, Odd / O'Neill, George / Papp, Gábor / Peitzmann, Thomas / Pettersen, Helge Egil Seime / Piersimoni, Pierluigi / Pochampalli, Rohit / Protsenko, Maksym / Rauch, Max / Ur Rehman, Attiq / Richter, Matthias / Röhrich, Dieter / Sagebaum, Max / Santana, Joshua / Schilling, Alexander / Seco, Joao / Songmoolnak, Arnon / Sudár, Ákos / Tambave, Ganesh / Tymchuk, Ihor / Ullaland, Kjetil / Varga-Kofarago, Monika / Volz, Lennart / Wagner, Boris / Wendzel, Steffen / Wiebel, Alexander / Xiao, RenZheng / Yang, Shiming / Zillien, Sebastian

Physics in medicine and biology

2023 Volume 68, Issue 24

Abstract: Objective. ...

Abstract	Objective.
MeSH term(s)	Computer Simulation ; Protons ; Phantoms, Imaging ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods ; Software ; Algorithms ; Monte Carlo Method
Chemical Substances	Protons
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-15
Publishing country	England
Document type	Review ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	208857-5
ISSN	1361-6560 ; 0031-9155
ISSN (online)	1361-6560
ISSN	0031-9155
DOI	10.1088/1361-6560/ad0bdd
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Book ; Online: Exploration of Differentiability in a Proton Computed Tomography Simulation Framework

Aehle, Max / Alme, Johan / Barnaföldi, Gergely Gábor / Blühdorn, Johannes / Bodova, Tea / Borshchov, Vyacheslav / Brink, Anthony van den / Eikeland, Viljar / Feofilov, Gregory / Garth, Christoph / Gauger, Nicolas R. / Grøttvik, Ola / Helstrup, Håvard / Igolkin, Sergey / Keidel, Ralf / Kobdaj, Chinorat / Kortus, Tobias / Kusch, Lisa / Leonhardt, Viktor /

Mehendale, Shruti / Mulawade, Raju Ningappa / Odland, Odd Harald / O'Neill, George / Papp, Gábor / Peitzmann, Thomas / Pettersen, Helge Egil Seime / Piersimoni, Pierluigi / Pochampalli, Rohit / Protsenko, Maksym / Rauch, Max / Rehman, Attiq Ur / Richter, Matthias / Röhrich, Dieter / Sagebaum, Max / Santana, Joshua / Schilling, Alexander / Seco, Joao / Songmoolnak, Arnon / Sudár, Ákos / Tambave, Ganesh / Tymchuk, Ihor / Ullaland, Kjetil / Varga-Kofarago, Monika / Volz, Lennart / Wagner, Boris / Wendzel, Steffen / Wiebel, Alexander / Xiao, RenZheng / Yang, Shiming / Zillien, Sebastian

2022

Abstract: Objective. Algorithmic differentiation (AD) can be a useful technique to numerically optimize design and algorithmic parameters by, and quantify uncertainties in, computer simulations. However, the effectiveness of AD depends on how "well-linearizable" ... ...

Abstract	Objective. Algorithmic differentiation (AD) can be a useful technique to numerically optimize design and algorithmic parameters by, and quantify uncertainties in, computer simulations. However, the effectiveness of AD depends on how "well-linearizable" the software is. In this study, we assess how promising derivative information of a typical proton computed tomography (pCT) scan computer simulation is for the aforementioned applications. Approach. This study is mainly based on numerical experiments, in which we repeatedly evaluate three representative computational steps with perturbed input values. We support our observations with a review of the algorithmic steps and arithmetic operations performed by the software, using debugging techniques. Main results. The model-based iterative reconstruction (MBIR) subprocedure (at the end of the software pipeline) and the Monte Carlo (MC) simulation (at the beginning) were piecewise differentiable. Jumps in the MBIR function arose from the discrete computation of the set of voxels intersected by a proton path. Jumps in the MC function likely arose from changes in the control flow that affect the amount of consumed random numbers. The tracking algorithm solves an inherently non-differentiable problem. Significance. The MC and MBIR codes are ready for the integration of AD, and further research on surrogate models for the tracking subprocedure is necessary. Comment: 27 pages, 11 figures
Keywords	Physics - Medical Physics ; Computer Science - Mathematical Software
Subject code	000
Publishing date	2022-02-11
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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