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Article ; Online: The role of sand flies as vectors of viruses other than phleboviruses.

Jancarova, Magdalena / Polanska, Nikola / Volf, Petr / Dvorak, Vit

2023 Volume 104, Issue 4

Abstract: Sand flies (Diptera: Phlebotominae) are proven vectors of various pathogens of medical and veterinary importance. Although mostly known for their pivotal role in the transmission of parasitic protists of the ... ...

Abstract	Sand flies (Diptera: Phlebotominae) are proven vectors of various pathogens of medical and veterinary importance. Although mostly known for their pivotal role in the transmission of parasitic protists of the genus
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Humans ; Psychodidae ; Phlebovirus ; Animals, Domestic ; Arboviruses ; Rhabdoviridae
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-05
Publishing country	England
Document type	Review ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	219316-4
ISSN	1465-2099 ; 0022-1317
ISSN (online)	1465-2099
ISSN	0022-1317
DOI	10.1099/jgv.0.001837
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Article: Interactions between host biogenic amines and sand fly salivary yellow-related proteins

Spitzova, Tatiana / Sumova, Petra / Volfova, Vera / Polanska, Nikola / Poctova, Luisa / Volf, Petr

Parasites & vectors. 2020 Dec., v. 13, no. 1

2020

Abstract: BACKGROUND: During blood feeding, sand flies inoculate salivary proteins that interact with the host haemostatic system. The blocking of biogenic amines such as serotonin and histamine helps to limit vasodilatation and clot formation, and thus enables ... ...

Abstract	BACKGROUND: During blood feeding, sand flies inoculate salivary proteins that interact with the host haemostatic system. The blocking of biogenic amines such as serotonin and histamine helps to limit vasodilatation and clot formation, and thus enables the insect to finish the blood-feeding process. In sand flies, an amine-binding ability is known only for the yellow-related proteins of Phlebotomus and Lutzomyia vectors, but not yet for members of the genus Sergentomyia. METHODS: The ability of Phlebotomus argentipes and Sergentomyia schwetzi recombinant yellow-related salivary proteins to bind histamine and serotonin was measured by microscale thermophoresis. Both sand fly species were also fed through a chicken-skin membrane on blood mixed with histamine or serotonin in order to check the effects of biogenic amines on sand fly fitness. Additionally, fecundity and mortality were compared in two groups of P. argentipes females fed on repeatedly-bitten and naive hamsters, respectively. RESULTS: The P. argentipes recombinant yellow-related protein PagSP04 showed high binding affinity to serotonin and low affinity to histamine. No binding activity was detected for two yellow-related proteins of S. schwetzi. Elevated concentrations of serotonin significantly reduced the amount of eggs laid by P. argentipes when compared to the control. The fecundity of S. schwetzi and the mortality of both sand fly species were not impaired after the experimental membrane feeding. Additionally, there were no differences in oviposition or mortality between P. argentipes females fed on immunized or naive hamsters. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that in natural conditions sand flies are able to cope with biogenic amines or anti-saliva antibodies without any influence on their fitness. The serotonin binding by salivary yellow-related proteins may play an important role in Phlebotomus species feeding on mammalian hosts, but not in S. schwetzi, which is adapted to reptiles.
Keywords	Lutzomyia ; Phlebotomus argentipes ; Sergentomyia schwetzi ; blood ; chicken skin ; fecundity ; hematophagy ; histamine ; insects ; mortality ; oviposition ; sand ; serotonin ; vasodilation
Language	English
Dates of publication	2020-12
Size	p. 237.
Publishing place	BioMed Central
Document type	Article
Note	NAL-light
ZDB-ID	2409480-8
ISSN	1756-3305
ISSN	1756-3305
DOI	10.1186/s13071-020-04105-2
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Article ; Online: Sergentomyia schwetzi: Salivary gland transcriptome, proteome and enzymatic activities in two lineages adapted to different blood sources.

Polanska, Nikola / Ishemgulova, Aygul / Volfova, Vera / Flegontov, Pavel / Votypka, Jan / Yurchenko, Vyacheslav / Volf, Petr

PloS one

2020 Volume 15, Issue 3, Page(s) e0230537

Abstract: During the blood feeding, sand fly females inject saliva containing immunomodulatory and anti-haemostatic molecules into their vertebrate hosts. The saliva composition is species-specific, likely due to an adaptation to particular haemostatic pathways of ...

Abstract	During the blood feeding, sand fly females inject saliva containing immunomodulatory and anti-haemostatic molecules into their vertebrate hosts. The saliva composition is species-specific, likely due to an adaptation to particular haemostatic pathways of their preferred host. Research on sand fly saliva is limited to the representatives of two best-studied genera, Phlebotomus and Lutzomyia. Although the members of the genus Sergentomyia are highly abundant in many areas in the Old World, their role in human disease transmission remains uncertain. Most Sergentomyia spp. preferentially attack various species of reptiles, but feeding on warm-blooded vertebrates, including humans and domestic animals, has been repeatedly described, especially for Sergentomyia schwetzi, of which salivary gland transcriptome and proteome is analyzed in the current study. Illumina RNA sequencing and de novo assembly of the reads and their annotation revealed 17,293 sequences homologous to other arthropods' proteins. In the sialome, all proteins typical for sand fly saliva were identified-antigen 5-related, lufaxin, yellow-related, PpSP15-like, D7-related, ParSP25-like, and silk proteins, as well as less frequent salivary proteins included 71kDa-like, ParSP80-like, SP16-like, and ParSP17-like proteins. Salivary enzymes include apyrase, hyaluronidase, endonuclease, amylase, lipase A2, adenosine deaminase, pyrophosphatase, 5'nucleotidase, and ribonuclease. Proteomics analysis of salivary glands identified 631 proteins, 81 of which are likely secreted into the saliva. We also compared two S. schwetzi lineages derived from the same origin. These lineages were adapted for over 40 generations for blood feeding either on mice (S-M) or geckos (S-G), two vertebrate hosts with different haemostatic mechanisms. Altogether, 20 and 40 annotated salivary transcripts were up-regulated in the S-M and S-G lineage, respectively. Proteomic comparison revealed ten salivary proteins more abundant in the lineage S-M, whereas 66 salivary proteins were enriched in the lineage S-G. No difference between lineages was found for apyrase activity; contrarily the hyaluronidase activity was significantly higher in the lineage feeding on mice.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Apyrase/analysis ; Apyrase/genetics ; Apyrase/metabolism ; Hyaluronoglucosaminidase/analysis ; Hyaluronoglucosaminidase/genetics ; Hyaluronoglucosaminidase/metabolism ; Insect Proteins/analysis ; Insect Proteins/genetics ; Insect Proteins/metabolism ; Lizards ; Mice ; Phylogeny ; Psychodidae/genetics ; Psychodidae/metabolism ; Receptors, Odorant/analysis ; Receptors, Odorant/genetics ; Receptors, Odorant/metabolism ; Salivary Glands/metabolism ; Transcriptome
Chemical Substances	Insect Proteins ; Receptors, Odorant ; odorant-binding protein ; Hyaluronoglucosaminidase (EC 3.2.1.35) ; Apyrase (EC 3.6.1.5)
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-03-24
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0230537
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Article ; Online: Interactions between host biogenic amines and sand fly salivary yellow-related proteins.

Spitzova, Tatiana / Sumova, Petra / Volfova, Vera / Polanska, Nikola / Poctova, Luisa / Volf, Petr

Parasites & vectors

2020 Volume 13, Issue 1, Page(s) 237

Abstract: Background: During blood feeding, sand flies inoculate salivary proteins that interact with the host haemostatic system. The blocking of biogenic amines such as serotonin and histamine helps to limit vasodilatation and clot formation, and thus enables ... ...

Abstract	Background: During blood feeding, sand flies inoculate salivary proteins that interact with the host haemostatic system. The blocking of biogenic amines such as serotonin and histamine helps to limit vasodilatation and clot formation, and thus enables the insect to finish the blood-feeding process. In sand flies, an amine-binding ability is known only for the yellow-related proteins of Phlebotomus and Lutzomyia vectors, but not yet for members of the genus Sergentomyia. Methods: The ability of Phlebotomus argentipes and Sergentomyia schwetzi recombinant yellow-related salivary proteins to bind histamine and serotonin was measured by microscale thermophoresis. Both sand fly species were also fed through a chicken-skin membrane on blood mixed with histamine or serotonin in order to check the effects of biogenic amines on sand fly fitness. Additionally, fecundity and mortality were compared in two groups of P. argentipes females fed on repeatedly-bitten and naive hamsters, respectively. Results: The P. argentipes recombinant yellow-related protein PagSP04 showed high binding affinity to serotonin and low affinity to histamine. No binding activity was detected for two yellow-related proteins of S. schwetzi. Elevated concentrations of serotonin significantly reduced the amount of eggs laid by P. argentipes when compared to the control. The fecundity of S. schwetzi and the mortality of both sand fly species were not impaired after the experimental membrane feeding. Additionally, there were no differences in oviposition or mortality between P. argentipes females fed on immunized or naive hamsters. Conclusions: Our results suggest that in natural conditions sand flies are able to cope with biogenic amines or anti-saliva antibodies without any influence on their fitness. The serotonin binding by salivary yellow-related proteins may play an important role in Phlebotomus species feeding on mammalian hosts, but not in S. schwetzi, which is adapted to reptiles.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Antibodies ; Biogenic Amines/blood ; Biogenic Amines/pharmacology ; Blood/metabolism ; Cricetinae ; Evolution, Molecular ; Fertility/drug effects ; Histamine/blood ; Insect Bites and Stings/immunology ; Insect Proteins/chemistry ; Insect Proteins/metabolism ; Mammals ; Mortality ; Phlebotomus/metabolism ; Protein Binding ; Psychodidae/metabolism ; Recombinant Proteins/chemistry ; Recombinant Proteins/metabolism ; Reptiles ; Saliva/immunology ; Salivary Proteins and Peptides/chemistry ; Salivary Proteins and Peptides/metabolism ; Serotonin/blood
Chemical Substances	Antibodies ; Biogenic Amines ; Insect Proteins ; Recombinant Proteins ; Salivary Proteins and Peptides ; Serotonin (333DO1RDJY) ; Histamine (820484N8I3)
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-05-07
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2409480-8
ISSN	1756-3305 ; 1756-3305
ISSN (online)	1756-3305
ISSN	1756-3305
DOI	10.1186/s13071-020-04105-2
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Article ; Online: PpSP32-like protein as a marker of human exposure to Phlebotomus argentipes in Leishmania donovani foci in Bangladesh.

Sumova, Petra / Sanjoba, Chizu / Willen, Laura / Polanska, Nikola / Matsumoto, Yoshitsugu / Noiri, Eisei / Paul, Shyamal Kumar / Ozbel, Yusuf / Volf, Petr

International journal for parasitology

2021 Volume 51, Issue 12, Page(s) 1059–1068

Abstract: Phlebotomus argentipes is a predominant vector of Leishmania donovani, the protozoan parasite causing visceral leishmaniasis in the Indian subcontinent. In hosts bitten by P. argentipes, sand fly saliva elicits the production of specific anti-salivary ... ...

Abstract	Phlebotomus argentipes is a predominant vector of Leishmania donovani, the protozoan parasite causing visceral leishmaniasis in the Indian subcontinent. In hosts bitten by P. argentipes, sand fly saliva elicits the production of specific anti-salivary protein antibodies. Here, we have utilised these antibodies as markers of human exposure to P. argentipes in a visceral leishmaniasis endemic area in Pabna district, Bangladesh. The use of whole salivary gland homogenate as an antigen to detect these antibodies has several limitations, therefore it is being superseded by the use of specific recombinant salivary proteins. We have identified three major P. argentipes salivary antigenic proteins recognised by sera of bitten humans, expressed them in a recombinant form (rPagSP04, rPagSP05 and rPagSP06) and tested their applicability in ELISA and immunoblot. One of them, PpSP32-like protein rPagSP06, was identified as the most promising antigen, showing highest resemblance and correlation with the IgG response to P. argentipes salivary gland homogenate. Furthermore, we have validated the applicability of rPagSP06 in a large cohort of 585 individuals and obtained a high correlation coefficient for anti-rPagSP06 and anti-P. argentipes saliva IgG responses. The anti-rPagSP06 and anti-P. argentipes salivary gland homogenate IgG responses followed a similar right-skewed distribution. This is the first report of screening human sera for anti-P. argentipes saliva antibodies using recombinant salivary protein. The rPagSP06 was proven to be a valid antigen for screening human sera for exposure to P. argentipes bites in a visceral leishmaniasis endemic area.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Bangladesh/epidemiology ; Bites and Stings/epidemiology ; Humans ; Insect Proteins/immunology ; Leishmania donovani ; Phlebotomus ; Saliva ; Salivary Proteins and Peptides/immunology
Chemical Substances	Insect Proteins ; Salivary Proteins and Peptides
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-07-15
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	120518-3
ISSN	1879-0135 ; 0020-7519
ISSN (online)	1879-0135
ISSN	0020-7519
DOI	10.1016/j.ijpara.2021.05.006
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Article: PpSP32-like protein as a marker of human exposure to Phlebotomus argentipes in Leishmania donovani foci in Bangladesh

Sumova, Petra / Sanjoba, Chizu / Willen, Laura / Polanska, Nikola / Matsumoto, Yoshitsugu / Noiri, Eisei / Paul, Shyamal Kumar / Ozbel, Yusuf / Volf, Petr

International journal for parasitology. 2021 Nov., v. 51, no. 12

2021

Abstract	Phlebotomus argentipes is a predominant vector of Leishmania donovani, the protozoan parasite causing visceral leishmaniasis in the Indian subcontinent. In hosts bitten by P. argentipes, sand fly saliva elicits the production of specific anti-salivary protein antibodies. Here, we have utilised these antibodies as markers of human exposure to P. argentipes in a visceral leishmaniasis endemic area in Pabna district, Bangladesh. The use of whole salivary gland homogenate as an antigen to detect these antibodies has several limitations, therefore it is being superseded by the use of specific recombinant salivary proteins. We have identified three major P. argentipes salivary antigenic proteins recognised by sera of bitten humans, expressed them in a recombinant form (rPagSP04, rPagSP05 and rPagSP06) and tested their applicability in ELISA and immunoblot. One of them, PpSP32-like protein rPagSP06, was identified as the most promising antigen, showing highest resemblance and correlation with the IgG response to P. argentipes salivary gland homogenate. Furthermore, we have validated the applicability of rPagSP06 in a large cohort of 585 individuals and obtained a high correlation coefficient for anti-rPagSP06 and anti-P. argentipes saliva IgG responses. The anti-rPagSP06 and anti-P. argentipes salivary gland homogenate IgG responses followed a similar right-skewed distribution. This is the first report of screening human sera for anti-P. argentipes saliva antibodies using recombinant salivary protein. The rPagSP06 was proven to be a valid antigen for screening human sera for exposure to P. argentipes bites in a visceral leishmaniasis endemic area.
Keywords	Leishmania donovani ; Phlebotomus argentipes ; antigens ; humans ; parasites ; parasitology ; saliva ; salivary glands ; visceral leishmaniasis ; Bangladesh ; India
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-11
Size	p. 1059-1068.
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	120518-3
ISSN	1879-0135 ; 0020-7519
ISSN (online)	1879-0135
ISSN	0020-7519
DOI	10.1016/j.ijpara.2021.05.006
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Article: Amine-binding properties of salivary yellow-related proteins in phlebotomine sand flies

Sumova, Petra / Sima, Michal / Kalouskova, Barbora / Polanska, Nikola / Vanek, Ondrej / Oliveira, Fabiano / Valenzuela, Jesus G / Volf, Petr

Insect biochemistry and molecular biology. 2019 Oct. 01,

2019

Abstract: The amine-binding properties of sand fly salivary yellow-related proteins (YRPs) were described only in Lutzomyia longipalpis sand flies. Here, we experimentally confirmed the kratagonist function of YRPs in the genus Phlebotomus. We utilized microscale ... ...

Abstract	The amine-binding properties of sand fly salivary yellow-related proteins (YRPs) were described only in Lutzomyia longipalpis sand flies. Here, we experimentally confirmed the kratagonist function of YRPs in the genus Phlebotomus. We utilized microscale thermophoresis technique to determine the amine-binding properties of YRPs in saliva of Phlebotomus perniciosus and P. orientalis, the Old-World vectors of visceral leishmaniases causative agents. Expressed and purified YRPs from three different sand fly species were tested for their interactions with various biogenic amines, including serotonin, histamine and catecholamines. Using the L. longipalpis YRP LJM11 as a control, we have demonstrated the comparability of the microscale thermophoresis method with conventional isothermal titration calorimetry described previously. By homology in silico modeling, we predicted the surface charge and both amino acids and hydrogen bonds of the amine-binding motifs to influence the binding affinities between closely related YRPs. All YRPs tested bound at least two biogenic amines, while the affinities differ both among and within species. Low affinity was observed for histamine. The salivary recombinant proteins rSP03B (P. perniciosus) and rPorASP4 (P. orientalis) showed high-affinity binding of serotonin, suggesting their capability to facilitate inhibition of the blood vessel contraction and platelet aggregation.
Keywords	Lutzomyia longipalpis ; Phlebotomus orientalis ; Phlebotomus perniciosus ; amino acids ; binding capacity ; blood vessels ; calorimetry ; catecholamines ; computer simulation ; etiological agents ; histamine ; hydrogen bonding ; models ; platelet aggregation ; recombinant proteins ; saliva ; serotonin ; titration ; visceral leishmaniasis
Language	English
Dates of publication	2019-1001
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd
Document type	Article
Note	Pre-press version
ZDB-ID	1483248-3
ISSN	1879-0240 ; 0965-1748
ISSN (online)	1879-0240
ISSN	0965-1748
DOI	10.1016/j.ibmb.2019.103245
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Article ; Online: Phlebotomus perniciosus

Sumova, Petra / Polanska, Nikola / Lestinova, Tereza / Spitzova, Tatiana / Kalouskova, Barbora / Vanek, Ondrej / Volf, Petr / Rohousova, Iva

Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology

2020 Volume 10, Page(s) 427

Abstract: Phlebotomus ... ...

Abstract	Phlebotomus perniciosus
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents ; Dogs ; Macrophages ; Mice ; Phenotype ; Phlebotomus ; Recombinant Proteins ; Salivary Proteins and Peptides
Chemical Substances	Anti-Inflammatory Agents ; Recombinant Proteins ; Salivary Proteins and Peptides
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-08-24
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2619676-1
ISSN	2235-2988 ; 2235-2988
ISSN (online)	2235-2988
ISSN	2235-2988
DOI	10.3389/fcimb.2020.00427
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Article ; Online: Identification of sex determination genes and their evolution in Phlebotominae sand flies (Diptera, Nematocera).

Petrella, Valeria / Aceto, Serena / Colonna, Vincenza / Saccone, Giuseppe / Sanges, Remo / Polanska, Nikola / Volf, Petr / Gradoni, Luigi / Bongiorno, Gioia / Salvemini, Marco

BMC genomics

2019 Volume 20, Issue 1, Page(s) 522

Abstract: Background: Phlebotomine sand flies (Diptera, Nematocera) are important vectors of several pathogens, including Leishmania parasites, causing serious diseases of humans and dogs. Despite their importance as disease vectors, most aspects of sand fly ... ...

Abstract	Background: Phlebotomine sand flies (Diptera, Nematocera) are important vectors of several pathogens, including Leishmania parasites, causing serious diseases of humans and dogs. Despite their importance as disease vectors, most aspects of sand fly biology remain unknown including the molecular basis of their reproduction and sex determination, aspects also relevant for the development of novel vector control strategies. Results: Using comparative genomics/transcriptomics data mining and transcriptional profiling, we identified the sex determining genes in phlebotomine sand flies and proposed the first model for the sex determination cascade of these insects. For all the genes identified, we produced manually curated gene models, developmental gene expression profile and performed evolutionary molecular analysis. We identified and characterized, for the first time in a Nematocera species, the transformer (tra) homolog which exhibits both conserved and novel features. The analysis of the tra locus in sand flies and its expression pattern suggest that this gene is able to autoregulate its own splicing, as observed in the fruit fly Ceratitis capitata and several other insect species. Conclusions: Our results permit to fill the gap about sex determination in sand flies, contribute to a better understanding of this developmental pathway in Nematocera and open the way for the identification of sex determining orthologs in other species of this important Diptera sub-order. Furthermore, the sex determination genes identified in our work also provide the opportunity of future biotechnological applications to control natural population of sand flies, reducing their impact on public health.
MeSH term(s)	Alternative Splicing ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Data Mining ; Evolution, Molecular ; Female ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental ; Genomics ; Insect Proteins/chemistry ; Insect Proteins/genetics ; Male ; Phylogeny ; Psychodidae/genetics ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Selection, Genetic ; Sex Determination Processes/genetics
Chemical Substances	Insect Proteins ; RNA, Messenger
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-06-25
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1471-2164
ISSN (online)	1471-2164
DOI	10.1186/s12864-019-5898-4
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Article ; Online: Amine-binding properties of salivary yellow-related proteins in phlebotomine sand flies.

Sumova, Petra / Sima, Michal / Kalouskova, Barbora / Polanska, Nikola / Vanek, Ondrej / Oliveira, Fabiano / Valenzuela, Jesus G / Volf, Petr

Insect biochemistry and molecular biology

2019 Volume 115, Page(s) 103245

Abstract	The amine-binding properties of sand fly salivary yellow-related proteins (YRPs) were described only in Lutzomyia longipalpis sand flies. Here, we experimentally confirmed the kratagonist function of YRPs in the genus Phlebotomus. We utilized microscale thermophoresis technique to determine the amine-binding properties of YRPs in saliva of Phlebotomus perniciosus and P. orientalis, the Old-World vectors of visceral leishmaniases causative agents. Expressed and purified YRPs from three different sand fly species were tested for their interactions with various biogenic amines, including serotonin, histamine and catecholamines. Using the L. longipalpis YRP LJM11 as a control, we have demonstrated the comparability of the microscale thermophoresis method with conventional isothermal titration calorimetry described previously. By homology in silico modeling, we predicted the surface charge and both amino acids and hydrogen bonds of the amine-binding motifs to influence the binding affinities between closely related YRPs. All YRPs tested bound at least two biogenic amines, while the affinities differ both among and within species. Low affinity was observed for histamine. The salivary recombinant proteins rSP03B (P. perniciosus) and rPorASP4 (P. orientalis) showed high-affinity binding of serotonin, suggesting their capability to facilitate inhibition of the blood vessel contraction and platelet aggregation.
MeSH term(s)	Amines/metabolism ; Animals ; Insect Proteins/metabolism ; Phlebotomus/metabolism ; Protein Conformation ; Salivary Glands/metabolism ; Salivary Proteins and Peptides/metabolism ; Static Electricity
Chemical Substances	Amines ; Insect Proteins ; Salivary Proteins and Peptides
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-10-08
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1483248-3
ISSN	1879-0240 ; 0965-1748
ISSN (online)	1879-0240
ISSN	0965-1748
DOI	10.1016/j.ibmb.2019.103245
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