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  1. Article ; Online: Challenges and Recommendations in Assessing Potential Endocrine-Disrupting Properties of Metals in Aquatic Organisms.

    Brix, Kevin V / Baken, Stijn / Poland, Craig A / Blust, Ronny / Pope, Louise J / Tyler, Charles R

    Environmental toxicology and chemistry

    2023  Volume 42, Issue 12, Page(s) 2564–2579

    Abstract: New tools and refined frameworks for identifying and regulating endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are being developed as our scientific understanding of how they work advances. Although focus has largely been on organic chemicals, the potential for ... ...

    Abstract New tools and refined frameworks for identifying and regulating endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are being developed as our scientific understanding of how they work advances. Although focus has largely been on organic chemicals, the potential for metals to act as EDCs in aquatic systems is receiving increasing attention. Metal interactions with the endocrine system are complicated because some metals are essential to physiological systems, including the endocrine system, and nonessential metals can have similar physiochemical attributes that allow substitution into or interference with these systems. Consequently, elevated metal exposure could potentially cause endocrine disruption (ED) but can also cause indirect effects on the endocrine system via multiple pathways or elicit physiologically appropriate compensatory endocrine-mediated responses (endocrine modulation). These latter two effects can be confused with, but are clearly not, ED. In the present study, we provide several case studies that exemplify the challenges encountered in evaluating the endocrine-disrupting (ED) potential of metals, followed by recommendations on how to meet them. Given that metals have multiple modes of action (MOAs), we recommend that assessments use metal-specific adverse outcome pathway networks to ensure that accurate causal links are made between MOAs and effects on the endocrine system. We recommend more focus on establishing molecular initiating events for chronic metal toxicity because these are poorly understood and would reduce uncertainty regarding the potential for metals to be EDCs. Finally, more generalized MOAs such as oxidative stress could be involved in metal interactions with the endocrine system, and we suggest it may be experimentally efficient to evaluate these MOAs when ED is inferred. These experiments, however, must provide explicit linkage to the ED endpoints of interest. Environ Toxicol Chem 2023;42:2564-2579. © 2023 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
    MeSH term(s) Aquatic Organisms ; Ecotoxicology ; Endocrine Disruptors/analysis ; Metals/toxicity ; Metals/metabolism ; Endocrine System
    Chemical Substances Endocrine Disruptors ; Metals
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-29
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 46234-2
    ISSN 1552-8618 ; 0730-7268
    ISSN (online) 1552-8618
    ISSN 0730-7268
    DOI 10.1002/etc.5741
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: A screening level index for assessing the impacts of veterinary medicines on dung flies.

    Boxall, Alistair B A / Sherratt, Tom N / Pudner, Victoria / Pope, Louise J

    Environmental science & technology

    2006  Volume 41, Issue 7, Page(s) 2630–2635

    Abstract: Veterinary parasiticides are administered to livestock to control a wide range of parasites. Following excretion, these substances may persist in the environment and impact nontarget organisms. This paper describes a simple screening-based index for ... ...

    Abstract Veterinary parasiticides are administered to livestock to control a wide range of parasites. Following excretion, these substances may persist in the environment and impact nontarget organisms. This paper describes a simple screening-based index for predicting the effects of veterinary parasiticides on dung flies using data on parasiticide toxicity, animal husbandry, and parasiticide use. The utility of the index has been assessed, at the farm scale for a number of dipteran species, using data from a survey of farms in England and insect ecology and ecotoxicological data. The results indicate that a large proportion (35%) of parasiticide treatments in England will have no impact on dung fly populations. In terms of individual parasiticides, the macrocyclic lactone doramectin was predicted to have the highest impact on English dipteran populations with a maximum reduction in the population of horn flies on one farm of 28%. Ivermectin pour-on had the next highest impact (6.8%), followed by eprinomectin (6.4%), and ivermectin injection (4.1%). Due to a lack of data, it was not possible to assess the effects of the benzimidazole parasiticides (oxfendazole and fenbendazole), morantel and permethrin. The approach is simple, nondata-intensive and has the potential to be a valuable tool for use in environmental risk assessment or management of new and existing veterinary parasiticides.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Antiparasitic Agents/toxicity ; Diptera/drug effects ; England ; Environmental Pollutants/toxicity ; Ivermectin/analogs & derivatives ; Ivermectin/toxicity ; Models, Theoretical ; Risk Assessment ; Toxicity Tests/methods ; Toxicity Tests/standards ; Veterinary Drugs/toxicity
    Chemical Substances Antiparasitic Agents ; Environmental Pollutants ; Veterinary Drugs ; Ivermectin (70288-86-7) ; eprinomectin (75KP30FD8O) ; doramectin (KGD7A54H5P)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2006-01-30
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Comparative Study ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ISSN 0013-936X
    ISSN 0013-936X
    DOI 10.1021/es0618705
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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