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  1. Article ; Online: Proof of concept of the potential of a machine learning algorithm to extract new information from conventional SARS-CoV-2 rRT-PCR results.

    Cabrera Alvargonzález, Jorge / Larrañaga Janeiro, Ana / Pérez Castro, Sonia / Martínez Torres, Javier / Martínez Lamas, Lucía / Daviña Nuñez, Carlos / Del Campo-Pérez, Víctor / Suarez Luque, Silvia / Regueiro García, Benito / Porteiro Fresco, Jacobo

    Scientific reports

    2023  Volume 13, Issue 1, Page(s) 7786

    Abstract: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been and remains one of the major challenges modern society has faced thus far. Over the past few months, large amounts of information have been collected that are only now beginning to be ... ...

    Abstract Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been and remains one of the major challenges modern society has faced thus far. Over the past few months, large amounts of information have been collected that are only now beginning to be assimilated. In the present work, the existence of residual information in the massive numbers of rRT-PCRs that tested positive out of the almost half a million tests that were performed during the pandemic is investigated. This residual information is believed to be highly related to a pattern in the number of cycles that are necessary to detect positive samples as such. Thus, a database of more than 20,000 positive samples was collected, and two supervised classification algorithms (a support vector machine and a neural network) were trained to temporally locate each sample based solely and exclusively on the number of cycles determined in the rRT-PCR of each individual. Overall, this study suggests that there is valuable residual information in the rRT-PCR positive samples that can be used to identify patterns in the development of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. The successful application of supervised classification algorithms to detect these patterns demonstrates the potential of machine learning techniques to aid in understanding the spread of the virus and its variants.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; SARS-CoV-2/genetics ; COVID-19/diagnosis ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Algorithms ; Machine Learning ; COVID-19 Testing
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-13
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2615211-3
    ISSN 2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
    ISSN (online) 2045-2322
    ISSN 2045-2322
    DOI 10.1038/s41598-023-34882-6
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Pooling for SARS-CoV-2 control in care institutions.

    Cabrera Alvargonzalez, Jorge Julio / Rey Cao, Sonia / Pérez Castro, Sonia / Martinez Lamas, Lucía / Cores Calvo, Olaia / Torres Piñon, Julio / Porteiro Fresco, Jacobo / Garcia Comesaña, Julio / Regueiro Garcia, Benito

    BMC infectious diseases

    2020  Volume 20, Issue 1, Page(s) 745

    Abstract: Background: Workers and residents in Care Homes are considered at special risk for the acquisition of SARS-CoV-2 infection, due to the infectivity and high mortality rate in the case of residents, compared to other containment areas. The role of ... ...

    Abstract Background: Workers and residents in Care Homes are considered at special risk for the acquisition of SARS-CoV-2 infection, due to the infectivity and high mortality rate in the case of residents, compared to other containment areas. The role of presymptomatic people in transmission has been shown to be important and the early detection of these people is critical for the control of new outbreaks. Pooling strategies have proven to preserve SARS-CoV-2 testing resources. The aims of the present study, based in our local experience, were (a) to describe SARS-CoV-2 prevalence in institutionalized people in Galicia (Spain) during the Coronavirus pandemic and (b) to evaluate the expected performance of a pooling strategy using RT-PCR for the next rounds of screening of institutionalized people.
    Methods: A total of 25,386 Nasopharyngeal swab samples from the total of the residents and workers at Care Homes in Galicia (March to May 2020) were individually tested using RT-PCR. Prevalence and quantification cycle (Cq) value distribution of positives was calculated. Besides, 26 pools of 20 samples and 14 pools of 5 samples were tested using RT-PCR as well (1 positive/pool). Pooling proof of concept was performed in two populations with 1.7 and 2% prevalence.
    Results: Distribution of SARS-CoV-2 infection at Care Homes was uneven (0-60%). As the virus circulation global rate was low in our area (3.32%), the number of people at risk of acquiring the infection continues to be very high. In this work, we have successfully demonstrated that pooling of different groups of samples at low prevalence clusters, can be done with a small average delay on Cq values (5 and 2.85 cycles for pools of 20 and 5 samples, respectively).
    Conclusions: A new screening system with guaranteed protection is required for small clusters, previously covered with individual testing. Our proposal for Care Homes, once prevalence zero is achieved, would include successive rounds of testing using a pooling solution for transmission control preserving testing resources. Scale-up of this method may be of utility to confront larger clusters to avoid the viral circulation and keeping them operative.
    MeSH term(s) Betacoronavirus/genetics ; Betacoronavirus/isolation & purification ; COVID-19 ; COVID-19 Testing ; Clinical Laboratory Techniques/methods ; Coronavirus Infections/diagnosis ; Coronavirus Infections/prevention & control ; Coronavirus Infections/transmission ; Coronavirus Infections/virology ; Disease Outbreaks/prevention & control ; Disease Outbreaks/statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Nursing Homes/statistics & numerical data ; Pandemics/prevention & control ; Pneumonia, Viral/diagnosis ; Pneumonia, Viral/prevention & control ; Pneumonia, Viral/transmission ; Pneumonia, Viral/virology ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Spain/epidemiology
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-10-12
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2041550-3
    ISSN 1471-2334 ; 1471-2334
    ISSN (online) 1471-2334
    ISSN 1471-2334
    DOI 10.1186/s12879-020-05446-0
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: CAN A MACHINE LEARNING ALGORITHM IDENTIFY SARS-COV-2 VARIANTS BASED ON CONVENTIONAL rRT-PCR? PROOF OF CONCEPT

    cabrera Alvargonzalez, jorge / Larranaga Janeiro, Ana / Perez, Sonia / Martinez Torres, Javier / martinez lamas, Lucia / Davina Nunez, Carlos / Del Campo Perez, Victor / Suarez Luque, Silvia / Regueiro, Benito J / Porteiro Fresco, Jacobo

    medRxiv

    Abstract: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been and remains one of the major challenges humanity has faced thus far. Over the past few months, large amounts of information have been collected that are only now beginning to be ... ...

    Abstract Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been and remains one of the major challenges humanity has faced thus far. Over the past few months, large amounts of information have been collected that are only now beginning to be assimilated. In the present work, the existence of residual information in the massive numbers of rRT-PCRs that tested positive out of the almost half a million tests that were performed during the pandemic is investigated. This residual information is believed to be highly related to a pattern in the number of cycles that are necessary to detect positive samples as such. Thus, a database of more than 20,000 positive samples was collected, and two supervised classification algorithms (a support vector machine and a neural network) were trained to temporally locate each sample based solely and exclusively on the number of cycles determined in the rRT-PCR of each individual. Finally, the results obtained from the classification show how the appearance of each wave is coincident with the surge of each of the variants present in the region of Galicia (Spain) during the development of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and clearly identified with the classification algorithm.
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-11-15
    Publisher Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press
    Document type Article ; Online
    DOI 10.1101/2021.11.12.21266286
    Database COVID19

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  4. Article: Pooling for SARS-CoV-2 control in care institutions

    Cabrera Alvargonzalez, Jorge Julio / Rey Cao, Sonia / Pérez Castro, Sonia / Martinez Lamas, Lucía / Cores Calvo, Olaia / Torres Piñon, Julio / Porteiro Fresco, Jacobo / Garcia Comesaña, Julio / Regueiro Garcia, Benito

    BMC Infect Dis

    Abstract: BACKGROUND: Workers and residents in Care Homes are considered at special risk for the acquisition of SARS-CoV-2 infection, due to the infectivity and high mortality rate in the case of residents, compared to other containment areas. The role of ... ...

    Abstract BACKGROUND: Workers and residents in Care Homes are considered at special risk for the acquisition of SARS-CoV-2 infection, due to the infectivity and high mortality rate in the case of residents, compared to other containment areas. The role of presymptomatic people in transmission has been shown to be important and the early detection of these people is critical for the control of new outbreaks. Pooling strategies have proven to preserve SARS-CoV-2 testing resources. The aims of the present study, based in our local experience, were (a) to describe SARS-CoV-2 prevalence in institutionalized people in Galicia (Spain) during the Coronavirus pandemic and (b) to evaluate the expected performance of a pooling strategy using RT-PCR for the next rounds of screening of institutionalized people. METHODS: A total of 25,386 Nasopharyngeal swab samples from the total of the residents and workers at Care Homes in Galicia (March to May 2020) were individually tested using RT-PCR. Prevalence and quantification cycle (Cq) value distribution of positives was calculated. Besides, 26 pools of 20 samples and 14 pools of 5 samples were tested using RT-PCR as well (1 positive/pool). Pooling proof of concept was performed in two populations with 1.7 and 2% prevalence. RESULTS: Distribution of SARS-CoV-2 infection at Care Homes was uneven (0-60%). As the virus circulation global rate was low in our area (3.32%), the number of people at risk of acquiring the infection continues to be very high. In this work, we have successfully demonstrated that pooling of different groups of samples at low prevalence clusters, can be done with a small average delay on Cq values (5 and 2.85 cycles for pools of 20 and 5 samples, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: A new screening system with guaranteed protection is required for small clusters, previously covered with individual testing. Our proposal for Care Homes, once prevalence zero is achieved, would include successive rounds of testing using a pooling solution for transmission control preserving testing resources. Scale-up of this method may be of utility to confront larger clusters to avoid the viral circulation and keeping them operative.
    Keywords covid19
    Publisher WHO
    Document type Article
    Note WHO #Covidence: #843296
    Database COVID19

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