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Article: Current trends in managing TMJ ankylosis in children-summing it up with a case report.

Prabhu, Namdeo / Issrani, Rakhi / Ganji, Kiran Kumar

2023 Volume 2023, Issue 2, Page(s) rjac550

Abstract: Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) ankylosis involves fusion of the mandibular condyle to the base of the skull. The treatment of TMJ ankylosis poses a significant challenge because of technical difficulties and a high incidence of recurrence. The experience ... ...

Abstract	Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) ankylosis involves fusion of the mandibular condyle to the base of the skull. The treatment of TMJ ankylosis poses a significant challenge because of technical difficulties and a high incidence of recurrence. The experience of managing one such case is reported in light of a review of the literature on this condition. This report describes a case of a 7-year-old girl with inability to open her mouth, diagnosed with unilateral right bony TMJ ankylosis. Key management principles included adequate removal of the ankylotic mass, gap arthroplasty with interpositional temporalis myofascial grafting and post-operative physiotherapy. The patient maintains a satisfactory maximal incisal opening till the present day. A detailed history, clinical and functional examination, radiographic examination facilitating correct diagnosis followed by immediate surgical intervention, and physiotherapy might be beneficial to restore physical, psychological and emotional health of the child patient with TMJ ankylosis.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-15
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2580919-2
ISSN	2042-8812
ISSN	2042-8812
DOI	10.1093/jscr/rjac550
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Article ; Online: Dilemma in the foreign lands during COVID-19: An outlook of expat health care professionals with a take on a social perspective.

Prabhu, Namdeo / Issrani, Rakhi

Work (Reading, Mass.)

2020 Volume 67, Issue 4, Page(s) 779–782

Abstract: Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) has declared novel coronavirus (COVID-19) infection a global pandemic due to the fast transmission of this disease worldwide. To prevent and slow the transmission of this contagious illness, the public ... ...

Abstract	Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) has declared novel coronavirus (COVID-19) infection a global pandemic due to the fast transmission of this disease worldwide. To prevent and slow the transmission of this contagious illness, the public health officials of many affected countries scrambled to introduce measures aimed at controlling its spread. As a result, unprecedented interventions/measures, including strict contact tracing, quarantine of entire towns/cities, closing of borders and travel restrictions, have been implemented by most of the affected countries including the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Objectives: The aim of this paper is to share health care professionals' perspectives who are experiencing COVID19 firsthand in a foreign land. In addition, the role of the Saudi governance to combat the current situation is also discussed. Discussion: Personal and previous experiences as related to Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) by the authors has been compared to the current situation and how it affected our thoughts and management. A review of the evidence-based literature was conducted to investigate the demographics of the region; and to understand the awareness of the various tools that are available and how they were utilized in the present situation of pandemic. Conclusions: Saudi Arabia has been challenged during the pandemic as are other countries.
MeSH term(s)	Attitude of Health Personnel ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; COVID-19/transmission ; Contact Tracing ; Dentists/psychology ; Education, Dental ; Education, Distance ; Foreign Professional Personnel/psychology ; Humans ; Pandemics/prevention & control ; Physical Distancing ; Quarantine ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Saudi Arabia/epidemiology ; Travel
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-12-16
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	1394194-x
ISSN	1875-9270 ; 1051-9815
ISSN (online)	1875-9270
ISSN	1051-9815
DOI	10.3233/WOR-203331
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Article: Role of Oral Microbiota in Carcinogenesis: A Short Review.

Issrani, Rakhi / Reddy, Jagat / Dabah, Tarek H El-Metwally / Prabhu, Namdeo

Journal of cancer prevention

2022 Volume 27, Issue 1, Page(s) 16–21

Abstract: A strong and healthy microbiome is responsible for homeostasis between the host and microbiota which is necessary to achieve the normal functioning of the body. Dysbiosis provokes prevalence of pathogenic microbes, leading to alterations in gene ... ...

Abstract	A strong and healthy microbiome is responsible for homeostasis between the host and microbiota which is necessary to achieve the normal functioning of the body. Dysbiosis provokes prevalence of pathogenic microbes, leading to alterations in gene expression profiles and metabolic processes. This in turn results in anomalous immune responses of the host. Dysbiosis may be associated with a wide variety of diseases like irritable bowel syndrome, coeliac disease, allergic conditions, bronchitis, asthma, heart diseases and oncogenesis. Presently, the links between oral microbial consortia and their functions, not only in the preservation of homeostasis but also pathogenesis of several malignancies have gained much awareness from the scientific community. The primary intent of this review is to highlight the dynamic role of oral microbiome in oncogenesis and its progression through various mechanisms. A literature search was conducted using multiple databases comprising of PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Cochrane electronic databases with keywords including microbiome, microbiota, carcinogenesis, tumorigenesis, and immunosuppression. Current and the past literature has pointed out the role of microorganisms in oncogenesis. It may be put forth that both the commensal and pathogenic strains of oral microbiome play an undeniably conspicuous role in carcinogenesis at different body sites.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-28
Publishing country	Korea (South)
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	3019805-7
ISSN	2288-3657 ; 2288-3649
ISSN (online)	2288-3657
ISSN	2288-3649
DOI	10.15430/JCP.2022.27.1.16
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Article: Analysis of Gender Dimorphism and Assessment of Racial Variation Through Odontometric Technique: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Prabhu, Namdeo / Issrani, Rakhi / Rao, Krishna / Saleh Albalawi, Ahmed / Mahali Alharbi, Bader / Noman Alanazi, Abdulelah Waheed / Alam, Mohammad Khursheed

Cureus

2024 Volume 16, Issue 1, Page(s) e51446

Abstract: Background: When conducting a forensic investigation, one of the most important steps is establishing the biological profile of a victim who cannot be positively recognized or is just a skeleton. It has been shown that, among the other clinical ... ...

Abstract	Background: When conducting a forensic investigation, one of the most important steps is establishing the biological profile of a victim who cannot be positively recognized or is just a skeleton. It has been shown that, among the other clinical indicators, the diameters of dental crowns are a good and dependable source for determining gender in a particular population sample. However, the literature is sparse regarding their assessment as a viable marker for the determination of a particular race. In addition, the need for population-specific data has also been advocated while determining gender dimorphism based on tooth size. Aim and objectives: To study the bisexual variation in the permanent dentition of individuals from three different sets of populations: Arabian, South Asian, and East Asian. The other objective is to explore the role of this odontometric analysis in predicting the racial identity of the subjects belonging to the aforementioned population. Methodology: The research was conducted at the College of Dentistry, AlJouf University in Sakaka. Measurements of mesiodistal and buccolingual (BL) distances were taken using a digital vernier caliper on a total of 75 pairs of research models or casts. Statistical tests were run on the information gathered. Results: Of the 75 casts, 38 (50.7%) were of male and 37 (49.3%) were of female. Our analysis showed between genders, a significant difference in maxillary central incisor (P = 0.001), first premolar (P = 0.01), and first molar (P = 0.02) while for a mandibular arch, a significant difference was noted for incisors (P = 0.002) with greater tooth dimension in male than in the female. Concerning the BL dimensions, only the mandibular canine showed a significant difference between males and females (P = 0.001). Comparisons of the crown dimensions between population groups showed that the Arabian population consistently exhibits larger tooth dimensions than the other two populations in both arches. Conclusion: A few crown dimensions can be used as an adjunctive tool for the identification of the gender and race of an individual.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2747273-5
ISSN	2168-8184
ISSN	2168-8184
DOI	10.7759/cureus.51446
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Article ; Online: Submandibular gland extirpation during neck dissection, is it truly justified?

Kalloli, Mahesh / Patil, Rashmi S / Singh, Rahul / Prabhu, Namdeo / Issrani, Rakhi

Indian journal of cancer

2023 Volume 59, Issue 4, Page(s) 591–596

Abstract: Background: There is no oncologic basis for the extirpation of the submandibular gland (SMG) in early oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC) unless the SMG is truly infiltrated by the tumor. The study aimed at assessing the true involvement of SMG in OSCC ...

Abstract	Background: There is no oncologic basis for the extirpation of the submandibular gland (SMG) in early oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC) unless the SMG is truly infiltrated by the tumor. The study aimed at assessing the true involvement of SMG in OSCC and to determine whether the gland extirpation in all cases is justified. Methods: This study prospectively evaluated the pathological involvement of SMG by OSCC in 281 patients, who were diagnosed with OSCC and underwent wide local excision of the primary tumor with simultaneous neck dissection. Results: Among 281 patients, 29 (10%) cases underwent bilateral neck dissection. A total of 310 SMG were evaluated. Involvement of SMG was seen in 5 (1.6%) cases. SMG metastases from Level Ib were seen in 3 (0.9%) of cases, whereas 0.6% showed direct SMG infiltration from the primary tumor. The advanced floor of mouth and lower alveolus cases had a higher tendency to infiltrate SMG. In none of the cases, bilateral or contralateral SMG was involved. Conclusion: The findings of this study show that the extirpation of SMG in all cases is truly irrational. Preserving the SMG is justified in early OSCC with no nodal metastasis. However, SMG preservation is case dependent and is an individual preference. Further studies are required to assess the locoregional control rate and salivary flow rate in postradiotherapy cases where SMG is preserved.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Neck Dissection ; Submandibular Gland/surgery ; Mouth Neoplasms/surgery ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/surgery ; Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck ; Head and Neck Neoplasms
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-02
Publishing country	India
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	410194-7
ISSN	1998-4774 ; 0019-509X
ISSN (online)	1998-4774
ISSN	0019-509X
DOI	10.4103/ijc.IJC_68_21
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Article: Tissue Regeneration on Rise: Dental Hard Tissue Regeneration and Challenges-A Narrative Review.

Alnasser, Muhsen / Alshammari, Abdullah Hammad / Siddiqui, Amna Yusuf / Alothmani, Osama Shujaa / Issrani, Rakhi / Iqbal, Azhar / Khattak, Osama / Prabhu, Namdeo

Scientifica

2024 Volume 2024, Page(s) 9990562

Abstract: Background: As people live longer, there is an increasing need for hard tissue regeneration and whole-tooth regeneration. Despite the advancements in the field of medicine, the field of regenerative dentistry is still challenging due to the complexity ... ...

Abstract	Background: As people live longer, there is an increasing need for hard tissue regeneration and whole-tooth regeneration. Despite the advancements in the field of medicine, the field of regenerative dentistry is still challenging due to the complexity of dental hard tissues. Cross-disciplinary collaboration among material scientists, cellular biologists, and odontologists aimed at developing strategies and uncovering solutions related to dental tissue regeneration. Results: Database analysis yielded a total of 476 articles. 222 duplicate articles have been removed in total. Articles that have no connection to the directed regeneration of hard dental tissue were disregarded. The review concluded with the inclusion of four studies that were relevant to our research objective. Conclusion: Current molecular signaling network investigations and novel viewpoints on cellular heterogeneity have made advancements in understanding of the kinetics of dental hard tissue regeneration possible. Here, we outline the fundamentals of stem hard dental tissue maintenance, regeneration, and repair, as well as recent advancements in the field of hard tissue regeneration. These intriguing findings help establish a framework that will eventually enable basic research findings to be utilized towards oral health-improving medicines.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-22
Publishing country	Egypt
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2672321-9
ISSN	2090-908X
ISSN	2090-908X
DOI	10.1155/2024/9990562
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Article ; Online: Revisiting the sub-mandibular approach with a modified incision.

Prabhu, Namdeo / Khan, Zafar Ali / Issrani, Rakhi

The Pan African medical journal

2020 Volume 36, Page(s) 171

Abstract: Angle of mandible has been long plagued throughout the history for being one of the most common places of facial bone fracture and also related complications if not treated properly. Hereby, two cases of fracture of angle of mandible those were ... ...

Abstract	Angle of mandible has been long plagued throughout the history for being one of the most common places of facial bone fracture and also related complications if not treated properly. Hereby, two cases of fracture of angle of mandible those were surgically treated with an aim to modify existing extra-oral approaches specifically for treating the mandibular angle fractures for the purpose of open reduction and internal fixation so as to have a good access combined with an aesthetic and inconspicuous scar postoperatively are described. Also, an attempt is made to add one more type of incision to many existing ones so that future surgeons can choose over which best suits their procedure and as an addition to the ever-increasing literature. There is no doubt that meticulous surgical procedure and experience is needed to identify the structures, to stay in the plane of desire and work in comparatively bloodless field. Hence this approach can be bit challenging for newer surgeons. Nonetheless, the result after the closure of the field is quite rewarding.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Cicatrix/etiology ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal/methods ; Humans ; Mandibular Fractures/surgery ; Open Fracture Reduction/methods ; Treatment Outcome
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-07-10
Publishing country	Uganda
Document type	Case Reports
ZDB-ID	2514347-5
ISSN	1937-8688 ; 1937-8688
ISSN (online)	1937-8688
ISSN	1937-8688
DOI	10.11604/pamj.2020.36.171.24289
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Article: Iatrogenic Injury of Facial Skin due to Formocresol: A Case Report.

Issrani, Rakhi / Prabhu, Namdeo / Alam, Mohammad Khurseed

Journal of cutaneous and aesthetic surgery

2020 Volume 13, Issue 3, Page(s) 240–242

Abstract: A detailed history and complete clinical examination of the patient with the soft tissue injury are needed to identify and diagnose the most probable underlying cause of that specific injury. The presented case is of a chemical burn due to formocresol, ... ...

Abstract	A detailed history and complete clinical examination of the patient with the soft tissue injury are needed to identify and diagnose the most probable underlying cause of that specific injury. The presented case is of a chemical burn due to formocresol, presenting with moderate pain and burning sensation with respect to a patch of darkly discolored skin. This case is reported because of the rarity of such lesions and the paucity of information concerning them in the dental literature. It is suggested that all the pediatric endodontic procedures should be performed along with essential preventive isolation methods.
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-11-04
Publishing country	India
Document type	Case Reports
ZDB-ID	2461107-4
ISSN	0974-5157 ; 0974-2077
ISSN (online)	0974-5157
ISSN	0974-2077
DOI	10.4103/JCAS.JCAS_151_19
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Article ; Online: Periodontitis as a Risk Factor for Breast Cancer - What We Know Till Date?

Issrani, Rakhi / Reddy, Rc Jagat / El-Metwally, Tarek H / Prabhu, Namdeo

Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP

2021 Volume 22, Issue 10, Page(s) 3109–3114

Abstract: A healthy microbiome is important for human health because it exhibits a variety of functions in the human body wherein the microbiome dysbiosis can lead to a variety of diseases, including cancer. Recent advances in technology and cost reduction of ... ...

Abstract	A healthy microbiome is important for human health because it exhibits a variety of functions in the human body wherein the microbiome dysbiosis can lead to a variety of diseases, including cancer. Recent advances in technology and cost reduction of sequencing have made it possible and much easier for researchers to investigate the role of the microbiome in carcinogenesis. Furthermore, modulation of microflora may serve as an effective adjunct to conventional anticancer therapy that is very important to improve the patient's quality of life. Additionally, microbiome biomarkers can also be used as a diagnostic tool for cancer. So far the association between oral microbial consortia and their interactions with the host in maintaining the human health and the pathogenesis of multiple cancers has gained much popularity in the scientific research community. While the interactions of oral microflora are better established in cancer- like gastric cancer, it is far less understood in others like breast cancer. Therefore, this review briefly outlines the current information on the role of oral microbiota in breast cancer with emphasis on the mechanisms of oral microflora induced carcinogenesis and discusses the emerging role of periodontitis as a risk factor for breast cancer. Clinical relevance; Periodontitis is a very common disease that is characterized by chronic polymicrobial infection and inflammation of gingiva. It might be associated as a risk factor for breast cancer. If this association is validated in large cohort studies, it would serve as a non-invasive biomarker for breast cancer.
MeSH term(s)	Breast/microbiology ; Breast Neoplasms/etiology ; Breast Neoplasms/microbiology ; Dysbiosis/complications ; Dysbiosis/microbiology ; Female ; Humans ; Microbiota ; Mouth/microbiology ; Periodontitis/complications ; Periodontitis/microbiology ; Risk Factors
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-10-01
Publishing country	Thailand
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2218955-5
ISSN	2476-762X ; 1513-7368
ISSN (online)	2476-762X
ISSN	1513-7368
DOI	10.31557/APJCP.2021.22.10.3109
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Article: Frequency and etiological denominators of alveolar osteitis at Northern Province of Kingdom of Saudi Arabia-An observational study.

Khan, Zafar Ali / Prabhu, Namdeo / Maqsood, Afsheen / Issrani, Rakhi / Ahmed, Naseer / Abbasi, Maria Shakoor / Heboyan, Artak / Marya, Anand

SAGE open medicine

2023 Volume 11, Page(s) 20503121231219420

Abstract: Objective: Alveolar osteitis is a painful complication that often arises after tooth extraction, presenting a significant clinical challenge. It is imperative to gain a comprehensive understanding of both its occurrence and the contributing factors to ... ...

Abstract	Objective: Alveolar osteitis is a painful complication that often arises after tooth extraction, presenting a significant clinical challenge. It is imperative to gain a comprehensive understanding of both its occurrence and the contributing factors to enhance the quality of dental care. The aim of this study was to assess the frequency and prevalence of alveolar osteitis among patients and compare these variables based on demographic characteristics (age and sex), the number of teeth extractions, operator experience, health status, and smoking habits in the target population. Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was conducted from May 2019 to April 2020. It included all patients above 16 years of age, of both genders, who underwent permanent tooth extraction for various reasons. Patient demographics, smoking habits, health status, operating dental surgeon's clinical experience, extraction technique, and the number of teeth extracted were recorded. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 25. Chi-square test and regression analysis were used to assess differences between age, sex, smoking habit, dentist category, and the number of teeth extractions in relation to alveolar osteitis. Results: A total of 679 permanent tooth extractions were performed in 438 patients. Alveolar osteitis was observed in 107 cases (15.7%) following tooth extractions. Among these, 36 cases (33.6%) occurred in single tooth extraction cases, while 71 cases (66.4%) were present in patients with multiple extractions. Moreover, 67 cases (62.6%) of alveolar osteitis were found in cigarette smokers. In addition, 61 cases (57%) of dry sockets were reported after tooth extractions performed by dental interns, while 46 cases (43.0%) were noted in extractions performed by experienced dental surgeons and specialists. Conclusion: The study found a 15.7% incidence of alveolar osteitis in tooth extraction patients in the Al-Jouf region. Alveolar osteitis was more prevalent in males and the age group of 56-77 years. Multiple tooth extractions were associated with higher alveolar osteitis incidence, while operator inexperience increased post-extraction complication risks. In addition, a promising novel protocol and risk assessment scoring system have been devised which require further validation and future research.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-24
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2735399-0
ISSN	2050-3121
ISSN	2050-3121
DOI	10.1177/20503121231219420
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