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Article ; Online: Wastewater Surveillance Data as a Complement to Emergency Department Visit Data for Tracking Incidence of Influenza A and Respiratory Syncytial Virus - Wisconsin, August 2022-March 2023.

DeJonge, Peter M / Adams, Carly / Pray, Ian / Schussman, Melissa K / Fahney, Rebecca B / Shafer, Martin / Antkiewicz, Dagmara S / Roguet, Adélaïde

MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report

2023 Volume 72, Issue 37, Page(s) 1005–1009

Abstract: Wastewater surveillance has been used to assist public health authorities in tracking local transmission of SARS-CoV-2. The usefulness of wastewater surveillance to track community spread of other respiratory pathogens, including influenza virus and ... ...

Abstract	Wastewater surveillance has been used to assist public health authorities in tracking local transmission of SARS-CoV-2. The usefulness of wastewater surveillance to track community spread of other respiratory pathogens, including influenza virus and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), is less clear. During the 2022-23 respiratory diseases season, concentrations of influenza A virus and RSV in wastewater samples in three major Wisconsin cities were compared with emergency department (ED) visits associated with these pathogens. In all three cities, higher concentrations of influenza A virus and RSV in wastewater were associated with higher numbers of associated ED visits (Kendall's tau range = 0.50-0.63 for influenza-associated illness and 0.30-0.49 for RSV-associated illness). Detections of both influenza A virus and RSV in wastewater often preceded a rise in associated ED visits for each pathogen, and virus material remained detectable in wastewater for up to 3 months after pathogen-specific ED visits declined. These results demonstrate that wastewater surveillance has the potential to complement conventional methods of influenza and RSV surveillance, detecting viral signals earlier and for a longer duration than do clinical data. Continued use of wastewater surveillance as a supplement to established surveillance systems such as ED visits might improve local understanding and response to seasonal respiratory virus outbreaks.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Wastewater ; Influenza, Human/epidemiology ; Incidence ; Wastewater-Based Epidemiological Monitoring ; Wisconsin/epidemiology ; COVID-19 ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human ; Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections/epidemiology ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Influenza A virus
Chemical Substances	Wastewater
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-15
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	412775-4
ISSN	1545-861X ; 0149-2195
ISSN (online)	1545-861X
ISSN	0149-2195
DOI	10.15585/mmwr.mm7237a2
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Article ; Online: School District Prevention Policies and Risk of COVID-19 Among In-Person K-12 Educators, Wisconsin, 2021.

DeJonge, Peter M / Pray, Ian W / Gangnon, Ronald / McCoy, Katherine / Tomasallo, Carrie / Meiman, Jonathan

American journal of public health

2023 Volume 112, Issue 12, Page(s) 1791–1799

Abstract: Objectives. ...

Abstract	Objectives.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Wisconsin/epidemiology ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; School Health Services ; Schools ; Nutrition Policy
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-20
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	121100-6
ISSN	1541-0048 ; 0090-0036 ; 0002-9572
ISSN (online)	1541-0048
ISSN	0090-0036 ; 0002-9572
DOI	10.2105/AJPH.2022.307095
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Article ; Online: E-cigarette, or Vaping, Product Use-Associated Lung Injury Among Clusters of Patients Reporting Shared Product Use - Wisconsin, 2019.

Pray, Ian W / Atti, Sukhshant K / Tomasallo, Carrie / Meiman, Jonathan G

MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report

2020 Volume 69, Issue 9, Page(s) 236–240

Abstract: On July 10, 2019, Wisconsin Department of Health Services (WDHS) was notified of five previously healthy adolescents with severe lung injuries who reported use of e-cigarette, or vaping, products before symptom onset. As of December 31, 2019, 105 ... ...

Abstract	On July 10, 2019, Wisconsin Department of Health Services (WDHS) was notified of five previously healthy adolescents with severe lung injuries who reported use of e-cigarette, or vaping, products before symptom onset. As of December 31, 2019, 105 confirmed or probable cases of e-cigarette, or vaping, product use-associated lung injury (EVALI)* had been reported to WDHS . Three social clusters (A, B, and C), comprising eight EVALI patients (cluster A = two patients, cluster B = three, and cluster C = three) were identified. WDHS investigated these clusters with standard and follow-up interviews; laboratory analysis of e-cigarette, or vaping, products; and analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid. All eight patients reported daily use of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)-containing e-cigarette, or vaping, product cartridges (THC cartridges) in the month preceding symptom onset. All THC cartridges were purchased from local illicit dealers, and all patients reported using THC cartridges labeled as "Dank Vapes," among other illicit brand names. At least two members of each cluster reported frequent sharing of THC cartridges before symptom onset. All eight patients also reported daily use of nicotine-containing e-cigarette, or vaping, products. Vitamin E acetate (VEA) was detected in all five THC cartridges tested from two patients, and in BAL fluid from two other patients. These findings suggest that THC cartridges containing VEA and sold on the illicit market were likely responsible for these small clusters of EVALI. Based on information presented in this and previous reports (1,2) CDC recommends not using THC-containing e-cigarette, or vaping, products, especially those obtained from informal sources such as friends, family, or in-person or online dealers (1). VEA is strongly linked to the EVALI outbreak and should not be added to e-cigarette, or vaping, products (1).
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Cluster Analysis ; Dronabinol/toxicity ; Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems/statistics & numerical data ; Female ; Humans ; Lung Injury/epidemiology ; Male ; Vaping/adverse effects ; Vaping/psychology ; Vitamin E/toxicity ; Wisconsin/epidemiology ; Young Adult
Chemical Substances	Vitamin E (1406-18-4) ; Dronabinol (7J8897W37S)
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-03-06
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	412775-4
ISSN	1545-861X ; 0149-2195
ISSN (online)	1545-861X
ISSN	0149-2195
DOI	10.15585/mmwr.mm6909a4
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Article ; Online: Trends in Outbreak-Associated Cases of COVID-19 - Wisconsin, March-November 2020.

Pray, Ian W / Kocharian, Anna / Mason, Jordan / Westergaard, Ryan / Meiman, Jonathan

MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report

2021 Volume 70, Issue 4, Page(s) 114–117

Abstract: During September 3-November 16, 2020, daily confirmed cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) reported to the Wisconsin Department of Health Services (WDHS) increased at a rate of 24% per week, from a 7-day average of 674 (August 28-September 3) to ... ...

Abstract	During September 3-November 16, 2020, daily confirmed cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) reported to the Wisconsin Department of Health Services (WDHS) increased at a rate of 24% per week, from a 7-day average of 674 (August 28-September 3) to 6,426 (November 10-16) (1). The growth rate during this interval was the highest to date in Wisconsin and among the highest in the United States during that time (1). To characterize potential sources of this increase, the investigation examined reported outbreaks in Wisconsin that occurred during March 4-November 16, 2020, with respect to their setting and number of associated COVID-19 cases.
MeSH term(s)	COVID-19/epidemiology ; Disease Outbreaks/statistics & numerical data ; Health Facilities/statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Incidence ; Laboratories ; Long-Term Care ; Prisons/statistics & numerical data ; Public Health Surveillance ; SARS-CoV-2/isolation & purification ; Universities/statistics & numerical data ; Wisconsin/epidemiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-29
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	412775-4
ISSN	1545-861X ; 0149-2195
ISSN (online)	1545-861X
ISSN	0149-2195
DOI	10.15585/mmwr.mm7004a2
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Article: Evaluating the Role of Corrals and Insects in the Transmission of Porcine Cysticercosis: A Cohort Study.

Gonzales-Gustavson, Eloy / Pray, Ian W / Gamboa, Ricardo / Muro, Claudio / Vilchez, Percy / Gomez-Puerta, Luis / Vargas-Calla, Ana / Bonnet, Gabrielle / Pizzitutti, Francesco / Garcia, Hector H / Gonzalez, Armando E / O'Neal, Seth E

Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)

2023 Volume 12, Issue 4

Abstract: The widespread dispersion of pigs infected with cysticercosis across endemic villages, low cyst burden among infected pigs, and low prevalence of taeniasis all suggest that pig ingestion of human feces is not the only mode of transmission ... ...

Abstract	The widespread dispersion of pigs infected with cysticercosis across endemic villages, low cyst burden among infected pigs, and low prevalence of taeniasis all suggest that pig ingestion of human feces is not the only mode of transmission for
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-14
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2695572-6
ISSN	2076-0817
ISSN	2076-0817
DOI	10.3390/pathogens12040597
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Article ; Online: Movements of free-range pigs in rural communities in Zambia: an explorative study towards future ring interventions for the control of Taenia solium.

Van Damme, Inge / Pray, Ian / Mwape, Kabemba E / Trevisan, Chiara / Coudenys, Fien / Mubanga, Chishimba / Mwelwa, Chembesofu / Vaernewyck, Victor / Dorny, Pierre / O'Neal, Seth E / Gabriël, Sarah

Parasites & vectors

2022 Volume 15, Issue 1, Page(s) 150

Abstract: Background: Taenia solium typically affects resource-poor communities where pigs are allowed to roam freely, and sanitation and hygiene levels are suboptimal. Sustainable, long-term strategies are urgently needed to control the disease. Geographically ... ...

Abstract	Background: Taenia solium typically affects resource-poor communities where pigs are allowed to roam freely, and sanitation and hygiene levels are suboptimal. Sustainable, long-term strategies are urgently needed to control the disease. Geographically targeted interventions, i.e. screening or treatment of taeniosis among people living near infected pigs (defined as ring screening and ring treatment, respectively), have been shown to be effective control options in Peru. However, these results might not be directly generalizable to sub-Saharan African settings. Pig movements play a vital role in the transmission and, consequently, the success of ring interventions against T. solium. The aim of the present study was to explore roaming patterns of pigs in T. solium endemic communities in Zambia as a first step toward evaluating whether ring interventions should be considered as a treatment option in Zambia. Methods: In total, 48 free-roaming pigs in two rural neighborhoods in the Eastern Province of Zambia were tracked using a Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver. Tracking took place in April (end of the rainy season) 2019 and October (end of the dry season) 2019. The number of revisitations and the time spent within rings of different radii (50, 100 and 250 m) around the coordinates of each pig owner's household were calculated for each pig. Results: The total tracking time for 43 pigs in the final analysis set ranged between 43 and 94 h. Pigs spent a median of 31% and 13% of the tracked time outside the 50- and 100-m radius, respectively, although large variations were observed between pigs. Overall, 25 pigs (58%) went outside the 250-m ring at least once, and individual excursions lasting up to 16 h were observed. In the dry season, 17 out of 23 pigs went outside the 250-m radius compared to only eight out of 20 pigs in the rainy season (P = 0.014). Conclusions: In our study sites in Zambia, the majority of pigs spent most of their time within 50 or 100 m of their owner's home, and these results are comparable with those on Peruvian pigs. Both radii could therefore be considered reasonable options in future ring interventions.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Cysticercosis/epidemiology ; Humans ; Rural Population ; Swine ; Swine Diseases/epidemiology ; Swine Diseases/prevention & control ; Taenia solium ; Zambia/epidemiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-27
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2409480-8
ISSN	1756-3305 ; 1756-3305
ISSN (online)	1756-3305
ISSN	1756-3305
DOI	10.1186/s13071-022-05264-0
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Article ; Online: Non-local validated parametrization of an agent-based model of local-scale Taenia solium transmission in North-West Peru.

Pizzitutti, Francesco / Bonnet, Gabrielle / Gonzales-Gustavson, Eloy / Gabriël, Sarah / Pan, William K / Pray, Ian W / Gonzalez, Armando E / Garcia, Hector H / O'Neal, Seth E

PloS one

2022 Volume 17, Issue 9, Page(s) e0275247

Abstract: The pork tapeworm, Taenia solium, is the cause of a preventable zoonotic disease, cysticercosis, affecting both pigs and humans. Continued endemic transmission of T. solium is a major contributor of epilepsy and other neurologic morbidity, and the source ...

Abstract	The pork tapeworm, Taenia solium, is the cause of a preventable zoonotic disease, cysticercosis, affecting both pigs and humans. Continued endemic transmission of T. solium is a major contributor of epilepsy and other neurologic morbidity, and the source of important economic losses, in many rural areas of developing countries. Simulation modelling can play an important role in aiding the design and evaluation of strategies to control or even eliminate transmission of the parasite. In this paper, we present a new agent based model of local-scale T. solium transmission and a new, non-local, approach to the model calibration to fit model outputs to observed human taeniasis and pig cysticercosis prevalence simultaneously for several endemic villages. The model fully describes all relevant aspects of T. solium transmission, including the processes of pig and human infection, the spatial distribution of human and pig populations, the production of pork for human consumption, and the movement of humans and pigs in and out in several endemic villages of the northwest of Peru. Despite the high level of uncertainty associated with the empirical measurements of epidemiological data associated with T. solium, the non-local calibrated model parametrization reproduces the observed prevalences with an acceptable precision. It does so not only for the villages used to calibrate the model, but also for villages not included in the calibration process. This important finding demonstrates that the model, including its calibrated parametrization, can be successfully transferred within an endemic region. This will enable future studies to inform the design and optimization of T. solium control interventions in villages where the calibration may be prevented by the limited amount of empirical data, expanding the possible applications to a wider range of settings compared to previous models.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Cysticercosis/epidemiology ; Cysticercosis/prevention & control ; Cysticercosis/veterinary ; Humans ; Peru/epidemiology ; Swine ; Swine Diseases/epidemiology ; Taenia solium ; Taeniasis/epidemiology ; Taeniasis/prevention & control ; Taeniasis/veterinary
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-27
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	2267670-3
ISSN	1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
ISSN	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0275247
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Article ; Online: Measuring Work-related Risk of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Comparison of COVID-19 Incidence by Occupation and Industry-Wisconsin, September 2020 to May 2021.

Pray, Ian W / Grajewski, Barbara / Morris, Collin / Modji, Komi / DeJonge, Peter / McCoy, Katherine / Tomasallo, Carrie / DeSalvo, Traci / Westergaard, Ryan P / Meiman, Jonathan

Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America

2022 Volume 76, Issue 3, Page(s) e163–e171

Abstract: Background: Work-related exposures play an important role in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) transmission, yet few studies have compared SARS-CoV-2 expsoure risk across occupations and industries.: Methods: During ... ...

Abstract	Background: Work-related exposures play an important role in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) transmission, yet few studies have compared SARS-CoV-2 expsoure risk across occupations and industries. Methods: During September 2020 to May 2021, the Wisconsin Department of Health Services collected occupation and industry data as part of routine coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) case investigations. Adults aged 18-64 years with confirmed or probable COVID-19 in Wisconsin were assigned standardized occupation and industry codes. Cumulative incidence rates were weighted for non-response and calculated using full-time equivalent (FTE) workforce denominators from the 2020 American Community Survey. Results: An estimated 11.6% of workers (347 013 of 2.98 million) in Wisconsin, ages 18-64 years, had COVID-19 from September 2020 to May 2021. The highest incidence by occupation (per 100 FTE) occurred among personal care and services workers (22.1), healthcare practitioners and support staff (20.7), and protective services workers (20.7). High-risk sub-groups included nursing assistants and personal care aides (28.8), childcare workers (25.8), food and beverage service workers (25.3), personal appearance workers (24.4), and law enforcement workers (24.1). By industry, incidence was highest in healthcare (18.6); the highest risk sub-sectors were nursing care facilities (30.5) and warehousing (28.5). Conclusions: This analysis represents one of the most complete examinations to date of COVID-19 incidence by occupation and industry. Our approach demonstrates the value of standardized occupational data collection by public health and may be a model for improved occupational surveillance elsewhere. Workers at higher risk of SARS-CoV-2 exposure may benefit from targeted workplace COVID-19 vaccination and mitigation efforts.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Humans ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Incidence ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Wisconsin/epidemiology ; COVID-19 Vaccines ; Occupations
Chemical Substances	COVID-19 Vaccines
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-03
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1099781-7
ISSN	1537-6591 ; 1058-4838
ISSN (online)	1537-6591
ISSN	1058-4838
DOI	10.1093/cid/ciac586
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Article ; Online: Lost time: COVID-19 indemnity claim reporting and results in the Wisconsin workers' compensation system from March 12 to December 31, 2020.

Modji, Komi K S / Morris, Collin R / Creswell, Paul D / McCoy, Katherine / Aiello, Tracy / Grajewski, Barbara / Tomasallo, Carrie D / Pray, Ian / Meiman, Jonathan G

American journal of industrial medicine

2022 Volume 65, Issue 12, Page(s) 1006–1021

Abstract: Background: The COVID-19 pandemic introduced a new compensable infectious disease to workplaces.: Methods: This was a descriptive analysis of Wisconsin COVID workers' compensation (WC) claims between March 12 and December 31, 2020. The impact of the ... ...

Abstract	Background: The COVID-19 pandemic introduced a new compensable infectious disease to workplaces. Methods: This was a descriptive analysis of Wisconsin COVID workers' compensation (WC) claims between March 12 and December 31, 2020. The impact of the presumption law (March 12 to June 10, 2020) was also evaluated. Results: Less than 1% of working-age residents with COVID-19 filed a claim. COVID-19 WC claim rates (per 100,000 FTE) were notably low for frontline industry sectors such as Retail Trade (n = 115), Manufacturing (n = 88), and Wholesale Trade (n = 31). Healthcare workers (764 claims per 100,000 FTE) comprised 73.2% of COVID-19 claims. Most claims (52.8%) were denied and the proportion of denied claims increased significantly after the presumption period for both first responders and other occupations. Conclusion: The presumption law made benefits accessible primarily to first responders. Further changes to WC systems are needed to offset the individual and collective costs of infectious diseases.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Workers' Compensation ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Wisconsin/epidemiology ; Pandemics ; Industry
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-10-25
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
ZDB-ID	604538-8
ISSN	1097-0274 ; 0271-3586
ISSN (online)	1097-0274
ISSN	0271-3586
DOI	10.1002/ajim.23428
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Article: Movements of free-range pigs in rural communities in Zambia: an explorative study towards future ring interventions for the control of Taenia solium

Van Damme, Inge / Pray, Ian / Mwape, Kabemba E. / Trevisan, Chiara / Coudenys, Fien / Mubanga, Chishimba / Mwelwa, Chembesofu / Vaernewyck, Victor / Dorny, Pierre / O’Neal, Seth E. / Gabriël, Sarah

Parasites & vectors. 2022 Dec., v. 15, no. 1

2022

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Taenia solium typically affects resource-poor communities where pigs are allowed to roam freely, and sanitation and hygiene levels are suboptimal. Sustainable, long-term strategies are urgently needed to control the disease. Geographically ... ...

Abstract	BACKGROUND: Taenia solium typically affects resource-poor communities where pigs are allowed to roam freely, and sanitation and hygiene levels are suboptimal. Sustainable, long-term strategies are urgently needed to control the disease. Geographically targeted interventions, i.e. screening or treatment of taeniosis among people living near infected pigs (defined as ring screening and ring treatment, respectively), have been shown to be effective control options in Peru. However, these results might not be directly generalizable to sub-Saharan African settings. Pig movements play a vital role in the transmission and, consequently, the success of ring interventions against T. solium. The aim of the present study was to explore roaming patterns of pigs in T. solium endemic communities in Zambia as a first step toward evaluating whether ring interventions should be considered as a treatment option in Zambia. METHODS: In total, 48 free-roaming pigs in two rural neighborhoods in the Eastern Province of Zambia were tracked using a Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver. Tracking took place in April (end of the rainy season) 2019 and October (end of the dry season) 2019. The number of revisitations and the time spent within rings of different radii (50, 100 and 250 m) around the coordinates of each pig owner’s household were calculated for each pig. RESULTS: The total tracking time for 43 pigs in the final analysis set ranged between 43 and 94 h. Pigs spent a median of 31% and 13% of the tracked time outside the 50- and 100-m radius, respectively, although large variations were observed between pigs. Overall, 25 pigs (58%) went outside the 250-m ring at least once, and individual excursions lasting up to 16 h were observed. In the dry season, 17 out of 23 pigs went outside the 250-m radius compared to only eight out of 20 pigs in the rainy season (P = 0.014). CONCLUSIONS: In our study sites in Zambia, the majority of pigs spent most of their time within 50 or 100 m of their owner’s home, and these results are comparable with those on Peruvian pigs. Both radii could therefore be considered reasonable options in future ring interventions.
Keywords	Taenia solium ; dry season ; hygiene ; people ; sanitation ; swine ; taeniasis ; wet season ; Peru ; Zambia
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-12
Size	p. 150.
Publishing place	BioMed Central
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2409480-8
ISSN	1756-3305
ISSN	1756-3305
DOI	10.1186/s13071-022-05264-0
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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