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  1. Article: From Undetectable Equals Untransmittable (U=U) to Breastfeeding: Is the Jump Short?

    Prestileo, Tullio / Adriana, Sanfilippo / Lorenza, Di Marco / Argo, Antonina

    Infectious disease reports

    2022  Volume 14, Issue 2, Page(s) 220–227

    Abstract: Background: Vertical transmission of HIV infection may occur during pregnancy, at childbirth or through breastfeeding. Recommendations on the safety of breastfeeding of HIV-infected women on effective antiretroviral treatment are not univocal among ... ...

    Abstract Background: Vertical transmission of HIV infection may occur during pregnancy, at childbirth or through breastfeeding. Recommendations on the safety of breastfeeding of HIV-infected women on effective antiretroviral treatment are not univocal among international guidelines (WHO 2010, EACS 2017, DHHS 2017), leaving space for variability at the patient’s level. Methods: We collected clinical, laboratory and outcome data from 13 HIV-infected pregnant women who, between March 2017 and June 2021, elected to breastfeed their children against specific medical advice. All mothers were on antiretroviral therapy with darunavir or raltegravir plus emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil and remained HIV-RNA undetectable and >400 cells/mmc CD4+ lymphocytes during pregnancy and breastfeeding. Prophylactic antiretroviral therapy (zidovudine for 4 weeks) was started immediately after birth in all newborns. The mean duration of breastfeeding was 5.4 months. Newborns were tested for HIV-RNA multiple times: at birth, 1, 3, and 6 months after birth, and 1, 3 and 6 months after the end of breastfeeding. Results: None of the infants were infected by HIV. Conclusions: Our experience, gathered in the setting of freedom of choice on the patient’s side, while insufficient to address the eventual safety of breastfeeding in HIV-infected mothers since the represented cohort is numerically irrelevant, supports the extension of the U=U (Undetectable Equals Untransmittable) paradigm to this setting. Since breastfeeding is often requested by women with HIV planning pregnancy, more extensive comparative studies should be performed.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-25
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2036-7430
    ISSN 2036-7430
    DOI 10.3390/idr14020027
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Women Living with HIV in Italian Prison Settings: Results from the Gender-Specific ROSE Network.

    Rastrelli, Elena / Fiore, Vito / Ranieri, Roberto / Pontali, Emanuele / Prestileo, Tullio / Barbarini, Giorgio / Ialungo, Anna Maria / Dell'Isola, Serena / De Vito, Andrea / Bolcato, Matteo / Madeddu, Giordano / Di Mizio, Giulio / Starnini, Giulio / Babudieri, Sergio

    Viruses

    2023  Volume 15, Issue 2

    Abstract: Background: Incarcerated women are a minority in the Italian prison population. The lack of prevention and awareness of HIV infection and the lack of access to treatment make the treatment path difficult.: Methods: we conducted a multi-center study ... ...

    Abstract Background: Incarcerated women are a minority in the Italian prison population. The lack of prevention and awareness of HIV infection and the lack of access to treatment make the treatment path difficult.
    Methods: we conducted a multi-center study including incarcerated women living with HIV (WLWH).
    Results: The study included 85 WLWH with a mean age of 41.7 ± 8.7 years, and 58.8% (50/85) of them were Italian. Principally, HIV transmission was related to sexual intercourse, 47% of all patients were PWIDs, and 62.5% of them were on opioid substitution therapy (OST). Overall, 56.4% of the included patients had a CD4+ cell count of >500 cells/mmc. Among the participants, 92.9% were on antiretroviral therapy, 87.3% had treatment before incarceration, and 83.5% were virologically suppressed. Among the 13 non-virally-suppressed patients, 53.8% were unaware of their serological status before incarceration and had started HAART but were still not virologically suppressed; 46.2% (6/13) had a lack of compliance or had suspended the treatment before incarceration and restarted it after admission. All patients with chronic hepatitis C underwent treatment with direct-acting antivirals and reached a sustained virological response.
    Conclusions: the detention of these women could represent an occasion for the patients' healthcare provision and use, and the creation of a gender-specific network can be an effective strategy for reaching this population.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active ; Antiviral Agents ; Hepatitis C, Chronic ; HIV Infections/drug therapy ; HIV Infections/epidemiology ; Prisons ; Italy/epidemiology
    Chemical Substances Antiviral Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-10
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Multicenter Study ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2516098-9
    ISSN 1999-4915 ; 1999-4915
    ISSN (online) 1999-4915
    ISSN 1999-4915
    DOI 10.3390/v15020497
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  3. Article ; Online: Antiretroviral Therapy in Early HIV Infection.

    Corrao, Salvatore / Prestileo, Tullio / Di Lorenzo, Francesco

    The New England journal of medicine

    2016  Volume 374, Issue 4, Page(s) 393–394

    MeSH term(s) Anti-Retroviral Agents/administration & dosage ; Female ; HIV Seropositivity/drug therapy ; Humans ; Male
    Chemical Substances Anti-Retroviral Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-01-28
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Comment ; Letter
    ZDB-ID 207154-x
    ISSN 1533-4406 ; 0028-4793
    ISSN (online) 1533-4406
    ISSN 0028-4793
    DOI 10.1056/NEJMc1513311#SA2
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article: PNPLA3 and TLL-1 Polymorphisms as Potential Predictors of Disease Severity in Patients With COVID-19.

    Grimaudo, Stefania / Amodio, Emanuele / Pipitone, Rosaria Maria / Maida, Carmelo Massimo / Pizzo, Stefano / Prestileo, Tullio / Tramuto, Fabio / Sardina, Davide / Vitale, Francesco / Casuccio, Alessandra / Craxì, Antonio

    Frontiers in cell and developmental biology

    2021  Volume 9, Page(s) 627914

    Abstract: Albeit the pathogenesis of COVID-19 remains unclear, host's genetic polymorphisms in genes involved in infection and reinfection, inflammation, or immune stimulation could play a role in determining the course and outcome. We studied in the early phase ... ...

    Abstract Albeit the pathogenesis of COVID-19 remains unclear, host's genetic polymorphisms in genes involved in infection and reinfection, inflammation, or immune stimulation could play a role in determining the course and outcome. We studied in the early phase of pandemic consecutive patients (
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-06-23
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2737824-X
    ISSN 2296-634X
    ISSN 2296-634X
    DOI 10.3389/fcell.2021.627914
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  5. Article: Tuberculosis among Migrant Populations in Sicily: A Field Report.

    Prestileo, Tullio / Pipitone, Giuseppe / Sanfilippo, Adriana / Ficalora, Antonio / Natoli, Giuseppe / Corrao, Salvatore / Team I Ta C A Immigrant Take Care Advocacy Team

    Journal of tropical medicine

    2021  Volume 2021, Page(s) 7856347

    Abstract: Background: In the EU, tuberculosis (TB) mainly affects vulnerable people, including migrants. From 2014 to 2017, we have estimated the frequency of both tuberculosis and latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) among the migrant population hosted in 41 ... ...

    Abstract Background: In the EU, tuberculosis (TB) mainly affects vulnerable people, including migrants. From 2014 to 2017, we have estimated the frequency of both tuberculosis and latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) among the migrant population hosted in 41 reception centers in western Sicily (ITaCA network).
    Materials and methods: All migrants were consecutively recruited for the screening of TB infection with physical examination and TST in 1,020 migrants and with IGRA in the others 2,690. The screening was carried out 4-8 weeks after landing in Sicily. For all migrants with a positive screening test, chest X-ray and smear examination were performed. LTBI was defined by positivity of TST or IGRA with negative X-ray chest, clinical, and smear examination. Active TB was defined by radiological and/or clinical and/or sputum positivity in a patient with a TST or IGRA positivity.
    Results: We evaluated a total of 3,710 migrants, of which 89% came from Sub-Saharan countries; 2,811 were males, 899 were females, with a median age of 22 years (IQR: 18-25). TB infection was diagnosed in 501 persons (13.5%) of which 440 (11.8%) had LTBI and 61 had active TB (1.6%): 1 had lymph node TB, 1 had intestinal TB, and 59 had pulmonary TB (38 sputum smear positive TB; no drug-resistant TB were observed).
    Conclusions: TB screening is critical to early diagnosis and treatment.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-03-30
    Publishing country Egypt
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2546526-0
    ISSN 1687-9694 ; 1687-9686
    ISSN (online) 1687-9694
    ISSN 1687-9686
    DOI 10.1155/2021/7856347
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  6. Article ; Online: Effectiveness of a screening program for HBV, HCV, and HIV infections in African migrants to Sicily.

    Prestileo, Tullio / Di Marco, Vito / Dino, Ornella / Sanfilippo, Adriana / Tutone, Marco / Milesi, Maurizio / Di Marco, Lorenza / Picchio, Camila A / Craxì, Antonio / Lazarus, Jeffrey V

    Digestive and liver disease : official journal of the Italian Society of Gastroenterology and the Italian Association for the Study of the Liver

    2021  Volume 54, Issue 6, Page(s) 800–804

    Abstract: Background: Migrants from Africa are vulnerable to viral infections during their journey.: Methods: Migrants who arrived in western Sicily were offered early screening for hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and human immunodeficiency ... ...

    Abstract Background: Migrants from Africa are vulnerable to viral infections during their journey.
    Methods: Migrants who arrived in western Sicily were offered early screening for hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. A questionnaire was administered to evaluate risk factors, and antiviral therapy was offered to subjects with active infection. A multiple regression analysis and adjusted odds ratio were obtained to evaluate risk factors.
    Results: Overall, 2,639 of 2,751 (95.9%) migrants who arrived between 2015 and 2017 accepted screening and 1,911 (72.4%) completed the questionnaire. HBsAg was positive in 257 (9.7%) migrants, 24 (0.9%) were anti-HCV positive and 57 (2.2%) had HIV infection. The prevalence of HBV infection was higher in women (aOR 2.47,95%CI 1.90-3.20),p = 0.003) and in people who endured physical and/or sexual violence (aOR 2.24,95%CI 1.87-3.55,p<0.001), while HIV infection was more frequent in women (aOR 5.40,95%CI 3.09-9.43, p <0.001) who were in Libya for a long period (aOR 5.66,95%CI 2.90-10.70,p = 0.004) and endured physical and/or sexual violence (aOR 14.77,95%CI 8.34-22.11,p<0.001). Being older than 18 was associated with HCV infection (p<0.001). Overall, 77% of 57 subjects with HIV infection were retained in care, 79% of 70 chronic HBV hepatitis cases started nucleot(s)ide analogues and 61% of 18 HCV-RNA positive cases received direct-acting antiviral therapy.
    Conclusions: These findings evidence the effectiveness and feasibility of infectious disease screening programs for migrants.
    MeSH term(s) Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use ; Female ; HIV Infections/epidemiology ; Hepacivirus/genetics ; Hepatitis B/diagnosis ; Hepatitis B/epidemiology ; Hepatitis B virus/genetics ; Hepatitis C/diagnosis ; Hepatitis C/drug therapy ; Hepatitis C/epidemiology ; Hepatitis C, Chronic/epidemiology ; Humans ; Prevalence ; Sicily/epidemiology ; Transients and Migrants
    Chemical Substances Antiviral Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-10-11
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1459373-7
    ISSN 1878-3562 ; 1125-8055
    ISSN (online) 1878-3562
    ISSN 1125-8055
    DOI 10.1016/j.dld.2021.08.024
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  7. Article ; Online: [No title information]

    Prestileo, Tullio / Di Lorenzo, Francesco / Sanfilippo, Adriana / Imburgia, Claudia / Cabibbo, Giuseppe / Corrao, Salvatore

    Recenti progressi in medicina

    2017  Volume 108, Issue 9, Page(s) 379–381

    Abstract: Among HIV-infected patients worldwide, 2-4 million are chronically infected with HBV. We report a 15-year, real-life story of a patient with HBV-HIV coinfection, who developed HCC despite high treatment adherence and complete viral suppression. ... ...

    Title translation HBV virological suppression: still not enough to save from hepatocellular carcinoma. A case report on a 15-year, real-life story.
    Abstract Among HIV-infected patients worldwide, 2-4 million are chronically infected with HBV. We report a 15-year, real-life story of a patient with HBV-HIV coinfection, who developed HCC despite high treatment adherence and complete viral suppression. The aim of our report is to alert the infectious diseases community to monitor the possible development of HCC regardless of high treatment adherence and complete viral suppression.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Antiviral Agents/administration & dosage ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/virology ; Coinfection ; HIV Infections/complications ; HIV Infections/virology ; Hepatitis B, Chronic/complications ; Hepatitis B, Chronic/drug therapy ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms/virology ; Male ; Medication Adherence
    Chemical Substances Antiviral Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-09-12
    Publishing country Italy
    Document type Case Reports ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 138266-4
    ISSN 2038-1840 ; 0034-1193
    ISSN (online) 2038-1840
    ISSN 0034-1193
    DOI 10.1701/2745.27990
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  8. Article: SARS-CoV-2 Viral Load, IFNλ Polymorphisms and the Course of COVID-19: An Observational Study.

    Amodio, Emanuele / Pipitone, Rosaria Maria / Grimaudo, Stefania / Immordino, Palmira / Maida, Carmelo Massimo / Prestileo, Tullio / Restivo, Vincenzo / Tramuto, Fabio / Vitale, Francesco / Craxì, Antonio / Casuccio, Alessandra

    Journal of clinical medicine

    2020  Volume 9, Issue 10

    Abstract: The course of SARS-CoV-2 infection ranges from asymptomatic to a multiorgan disease. In this observational study, we investigated SARS-CoV-2 infected subjects with defined outcomes, evaluating the relationship between viral load and single nucleotide ... ...

    Abstract The course of SARS-CoV-2 infection ranges from asymptomatic to a multiorgan disease. In this observational study, we investigated SARS-CoV-2 infected subjects with defined outcomes, evaluating the relationship between viral load and single nucleotide polymorphisms of genes codifying for IFNλs (interferon). The study enrolled 381 patients with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. For each patient, a standardized form was filled including sociodemographic variables and clinical outcomes. The host's gene polymorphisms (IFNL3 rs1297860 C/T and INFL4 rs368234815 TT/ΔG) and RtReal-Time PCR cycle threshold (PCR Ct) value on SARS-CoV-2 were assessed on nasal, pharyngeal or nasopharyngeal swabs. Higher viral loads were found in patients aged > 74 years and homozygous mutant polymorphisms DG in IFNL4 (adj-OR = 1.16, 95% CI = 1.01-1.34 and adj-OR = 1.24, 95% CI = 1.09-1.40, respectively). After adjusting for age and sex, a statistically significantly lower risk of hospitalization was observed in subjects with higher RtReal-Time PCR cycle threshold values (adj-OR = 0.95, 95% CI = 0.91, 0.99;
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-10-15
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2662592-1
    ISSN 2077-0383
    ISSN 2077-0383
    DOI 10.3390/jcm9103315
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  9. Article ; Online: Feasibility and efficacy of 8 week Glecaprevir/Pibrentasvir to treat incarcerated viraemic HCV patients: A case-control study.

    Fiore, Vito / Ranieri, Roberto / Dell'Isola, Serena / Pontali, Emanuele / Barbarini, Giorgio / Prestileo, Tullio / Marri, Daniele / Starnini, Giulio / Sotgiu, Giovanni / Madeddu, Giordano / Babudieri, Sergio

    Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver

    2020  Volume 41, Issue 2, Page(s) 271–275

    Abstract: Inmates have higher HCV prevalence than general population, representing a fundamental step towards HCV eradication. Our aim was to compare 8-week glecaprevir/pibrentasvir treatment in a case-control study between incarcerated and free patients. Eleven ... ...

    Abstract Inmates have higher HCV prevalence than general population, representing a fundamental step towards HCV eradication. Our aim was to compare 8-week glecaprevir/pibrentasvir treatment in a case-control study between incarcerated and free patients. Eleven Italian prisons and six outpatient clinics were involved. Patients were matched for sex, risk factors, METAVIR grade, HIV and HBV co-infections. About 131 incarcerated (Group A) and 131 free patients (Group B) were included. Mean age was 43.0 ± 9.6 years and 42.8 ± 9.9 in Group A and B, respectively (P = .74). SVR rates were 96.2% and 99.2% in Group A and Group B respectively (P = .21). Five drop-outs occurred in Group A, one in Group B. Incarceration, being PWIDs and OST were not associated with SVR reductions (CI 95%). In conclusion, imprisonment does not influence unplanned interruptions or SVR rates when receiving short-term therapies. Short schedules with pangenotypic regimens could be a good approach to hard-to-reach populations, such as incarcerated patients.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Aminoisobutyric Acids ; Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use ; Benzimidazoles ; Case-Control Studies ; Cyclopropanes ; Feasibility Studies ; Genotype ; Hepacivirus/genetics ; Hepatitis C/drug therapy ; Humans ; Italy ; Lactams, Macrocyclic ; Leucine/analogs & derivatives ; Middle Aged ; Prisoners ; Proline/analogs & derivatives ; Quinoxalines ; Sulfonamides
    Chemical Substances Aminoisobutyric Acids ; Antiviral Agents ; Benzimidazoles ; Cyclopropanes ; Lactams, Macrocyclic ; Quinoxalines ; Sulfonamides ; pibrentasvir (2WU922TK3L) ; Proline (9DLQ4CIU6V) ; Leucine (GMW67QNF9C) ; glecaprevir (K6BUU8J72P)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-12-02
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2102783-3
    ISSN 1478-3231 ; 1478-3223
    ISSN (online) 1478-3231
    ISSN 1478-3223
    DOI 10.1111/liv.14745
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  10. Article: Infectious diseases among foreign prisoners: results of a hospital-based management model in Palermo.

    Prestileo, Tullio / Spicola, Daria / Di Lorenzo, Francesco / Dalle Nogare, Ernesto Renato / Sanfilippo, Adriana / Ficalora, Antonio / Corrao, Salvatore

    Le infezioni in medicina

    2017  Volume 25, Issue 1, Page(s) 57–63

    Abstract: Foreign prisoners have a high vulnerability in terms of morbidity and access to care in overcrowded Italian prisons. This paper presents and comments on the management model of infectious diseases in foreign prisoners at our outpatient clinic, in order ... ...

    Abstract Foreign prisoners have a high vulnerability in terms of morbidity and access to care in overcrowded Italian prisons. This paper presents and comments on the management model of infectious diseases in foreign prisoners at our outpatient clinic, in order to describe a model of management for these conditions. Overall, 133 subjects (mean age 35.5 years) from 29 countries were followed for a period of 15 years. The most commonly represented area of origin (54.1%) was the Maghreb region. HCV infection (40.6%), HIV (22.5%), HBV (9.8%) and co-infection (15%, HIV/HCV or HIV/HBV) were observed. Ten subjects had tuberculosis, and only 30% of them were compliant with the treatment. Only 46.3% of HCV mono-infected patients completed the entire diagnostic process and even a lower percentage (37%) of them took treatment regularly. 90% of HBV mono-infected patients and 84% of those HIV mono- and co-infected completed the diagnostic workout. 77% of patients in each group took therapy regularly. Overall, the results show limited effectiveness. Therefore, it would be necessary to improve communication between healthcare professionals and correctional systems. Moreover, it appears urgent to reduce overcrowding in prisons to limit morbidity in prisoners.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Coinfection/epidemiology ; Communicable Diseases/epidemiology ; Female ; HIV Infections/epidemiology ; Health Services Accessibility/statistics & numerical data ; Hepatitis B/epidemiology ; Hepatitis C/epidemiology ; Humans ; Italy ; Male ; Prevalence ; Prisoners/statistics & numerical data ; Prisons ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Sicily/epidemiology ; Substance Abuse, Intravenous/epidemiology ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/epidemiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-03-28
    Publishing country Italy
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2041081-5
    ISSN 1124-9390
    ISSN 1124-9390
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