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  1. Article ; Online: Evaluating the costs and benefits of marsh-management strategies while accounting for uncertain sea-level rise and ecosystem response.

    Propato, Marco / Clough, Jonathan S / Polaczyk, Amy

    PloS one

    2018  Volume 13, Issue 8, Page(s) e0200368

    Abstract: Prioritization of marsh-management strategies is a difficult task as it requires a manager to evaluate the relative benefits of each strategy given uncertainty in future sea-level rise and in dynamic marsh response. A modeling framework to evaluate the ... ...

    Abstract Prioritization of marsh-management strategies is a difficult task as it requires a manager to evaluate the relative benefits of each strategy given uncertainty in future sea-level rise and in dynamic marsh response. A modeling framework to evaluate the costs and benefits of management strategies while accounting for both of these uncertainties has been developed. The base data for the tool are high-resolution uncertainty-analysis results from the SLAMM (Sea-Level Affecting Marshes Model) under different adaptive-management strategies. These results are combined with an ecosystem-valuation assessment from stakeholders. The SLAMM results and stakeholder values are linked together using "utility functions" that characterize the relationship between stakeholder values and geometric metrics such as "marsh area," marsh edge," or "marsh width." The expected-value of each site's ecosystem benefits can then be calculated and compared using estimated costs for each strategy. Estimates of optimal marsh-management strategies may then be produced, maximizing the "ecosystem benefits per estimated costs" ratio.
    MeSH term(s) Conservation of Natural Resources/economics ; Cost-Benefit Analysis ; Ecosystem ; Seawater/analysis ; Tidal Waves ; Uncertainty ; Wetlands
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-08-15
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Evaluation Studies ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ISSN 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0200368
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: Calculation and uncertainty of zeta potentials of microorganisms in a 1:1 electrolyte with a conductivity similar to surface water

    Polaczyk, Amy L / Amburgey, James E / Alansari, Amir / Poler, Jordan C / Propato, Marco / Hill, Vincent R

    Colloids and surfaces. 2020 Feb. 05, v. 586

    2020  

    Abstract: The electrophoretic mobilities (EPM’s) of fifteen different microbes (6 viruses, 5 vegetative bacteria, 2 bacterial endospores, 2 protozoa) and one microbial particle surrogate (Polystyrene microspheres) were measured, and five models were used to ... ...

    Abstract The electrophoretic mobilities (EPM’s) of fifteen different microbes (6 viruses, 5 vegetative bacteria, 2 bacterial endospores, 2 protozoa) and one microbial particle surrogate (Polystyrene microspheres) were measured, and five models were used to convert EPM's of these microorganisms to zeta potentials. The Helmholtz-Smoluchowski, Hückel-Onsager, Henry, modified Booth, and O’Brien and Hunter models were compared over their ranges of applicability for various microbes in a weak electrolyte solution intended to simulate the conductivity of surface water. The results from each of the models were compared by assessing the magnitude of the error due to inherent limitations of the models and comparing it to the error associated with the measurement of the EPM. Results indicated that differences imparted to the calculated zeta potentials by double layer distortion corrections were typically smaller than the uncertainty of the EPM measurement from which the zeta potential value was calculated. Based on our analyses, the Helmholtz-Smoluchowski equation was most appropriate for application to bacteria (vegetative and endospores) and parasites, while the Henry or modified Booth models were necessary for viruses. Zeta potential calculations with corresponding uncertainty values are presented for each of the microbes and the surrogate for each of the five models studied. A zone chart was created to help avoid unnecessary error in calculating microbial zeta potentials that can exceed 50%.
    Keywords Protozoa ; bacteria ; electrolytes ; electrophoresis ; endospores ; equations ; microparticles ; models ; parasites ; polystyrenes ; surface water ; uncertainty ; viruses ; zeta potential
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2020-0205
    Publishing place Elsevier B.V.
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 1500517-3
    ISSN 0927-7757
    ISSN 0927-7757
    DOI 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2019.124097
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  3. Article: Vulnerability of water distribution systems to pathogen intrusion: how effective is a disinfectant residual?

    Propato, Marco / Uber, James G

    Environmental science & technology

    2004  Volume 38, Issue 13, Page(s) 3713–3722

    Abstract: Can the spread of infectious disease through water distribution systems be halted by a disinfectant residual? This question is overdue for an answer. Regulatory agencies and water utilities have long been concerned about accidental intrusions of ... ...

    Abstract Can the spread of infectious disease through water distribution systems be halted by a disinfectant residual? This question is overdue for an answer. Regulatory agencies and water utilities have long been concerned about accidental intrusions of pathogens into distribution system pipelines (i.e., cross-connections) and are increasingly concerned about deliberate pathogen contamination. Here, a simulation framework is developed and used to assess the vulnerability of a water system to microbiological contamination. The risk of delivering contaminated water to consumers is quantified by a network water quality model that includes disinfectant decay and disinfection kinetics. The framework is applied to two example networks under a worst-case deliberate intrusion scenario. Results show that the risk of consumer exposure is affected by the residual maintenance strategy employed. The common regulation that demands a "detectable" disinfectant residual may not provide effective consumer protection against microbial contamination. A chloramine residual, instead of free chlorine, may significantly weaken this final barrier against pathogen intrusions. Moreover, the addition of a booster station at storage tanks may improve consumer protection without requiring excessive disinfectant.
    MeSH term(s) Chloramines/chemistry ; Communicable Diseases/transmission ; Computer Simulation ; Disinfection ; Models, Theoretical ; Systems Analysis ; Water Microbiology ; Water Purification/methods ; Water Supply
    Chemical Substances Chloramines ; chloramine (KW8K411A1P)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2004-07-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Comparative Study ; Journal Article
    ISSN 0013-936X
    ISSN 0013-936X
    DOI 10.1021/es035271z
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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