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  1. Article ; Online: Metabolic-Bariatric Surgery for Type 2 Diabetes: Time(ing) for a Change.

    Purnell, Jonathan Q

    Diabetes

    2024  Volume 73, Issue 4, Page(s) 542–544

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/surgery ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/physiopathology ; Insulin ; Obesity/surgery ; Bariatric Surgery ; Insulin, Regular, Human
    Chemical Substances Insulin ; Insulin, Regular, Human
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-20
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Editorial ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 80085-5
    ISSN 1939-327X ; 0012-1797
    ISSN (online) 1939-327X
    ISSN 0012-1797
    DOI 10.2337/dbi23-0022
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  2. Article ; Online: What is Obesity?: Definition as a Disease, with Implications for Care.

    Purnell, Jonathan Q

    Gastroenterology clinics of North America

    2023  Volume 52, Issue 2, Page(s) 261–275

    Abstract: Advances in the understanding of weight regulation provide the framework for the recognition of obesity as a chronic disease. Lifestyle approaches are foundational in the prevention of obesity and should be continued while weight management interventions, ...

    Abstract Advances in the understanding of weight regulation provide the framework for the recognition of obesity as a chronic disease. Lifestyle approaches are foundational in the prevention of obesity and should be continued while weight management interventions, including antiobesity medications and metabolic-bariatric procedures, are offered to eligible patients. Clinical challenges remain, however, including overcoming obesity stigma and bias within the medical community toward medical and surgical approaches, ensuring insurance coverage for obesity management (including medications and surgery), and promoting policies that reverse the upward worldwide trend in obesity and adiposity complications in populations.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Obesity/complications ; Anti-Obesity Agents/therapeutic use ; Life Style ; Chronic Disease ; Social Stigma ; Bariatric Surgery/methods
    Chemical Substances Anti-Obesity Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-07
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 92114-2
    ISSN 1558-1942 ; 0889-8553
    ISSN (online) 1558-1942
    ISSN 0889-8553
    DOI 10.1016/j.gtc.2023.03.001
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  3. Article: A New Epoch in Treating Diseases of the Heart.

    Purnell, Jonathan Q / Camacho, Samuel A

    Journal of clinical lipidology

    2023  Volume 18, Issue 1, Page(s) e5–e9

    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-30
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Editorial
    ZDB-ID 2365061-8
    ISSN 1876-4789 ; 1933-2874
    ISSN (online) 1876-4789
    ISSN 1933-2874
    DOI 10.1016/j.jacl.2024.01.007
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  4. Article ; Online: Hypothalamic control of body fat mass by food intake: The key to understanding why obesity should be treated as a disease.

    Purnell, Jonathan Q / le Roux, Carel W

    Diabetes, obesity & metabolism

    2024  Volume 26 Suppl 2, Page(s) 3–12

    Abstract: Background: Hypothalamic centres have been recognized to play a central role in body weight regulation for nearly 70 years.: Aims: In this review, we will explore the current undersanding of the role the hypothalamus plays in controlling food intake ... ...

    Abstract Background: Hypothalamic centres have been recognized to play a central role in body weight regulation for nearly 70 years.
    Aims: In this review, we will explore the current undersanding of the role the hypothalamus plays in controlling food intake behaviours.
    Materials and methods: Review of relevant literature from PubMed searches and review article citations.
    Results: Beginning with autopsy studies showing destructive hypothalamic lesions in patients manifesting hyperphagia and rapid weight gain, followed by animal lesioning studies pinpointing adjacent hypothalamic sites as the 'satiety' centre and the 'feeding' centre of the brain, the neurocircuitry that governs our body weight is now understood to consist of a complex, interconnected network, including the hypothalamus and extending to cortical sites, reward centres and brainstem. Neurons in these sites receive afferent signals from the gastrointestinal tract and adipose tissue indicating food availability, calorie content, as well as body fat mass.
    Discussion: Integration of these complex signals leads to modulation of the two prime effector systems that defend a body fat mass set point: food intake and energy expenditure.
    Conclusion: Understanding the hypothalamic control of food intake forms the foundation for understanding and managing obesity as a chronic disease.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Humans ; Hypothalamus/physiology ; Obesity/metabolism ; Body Weight ; Adipose Tissue/metabolism ; Eating/physiology ; Energy Metabolism
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-14
    Publishing country England
    Document type Review ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1454944-x
    ISSN 1463-1326 ; 1462-8902
    ISSN (online) 1463-1326
    ISSN 1462-8902
    DOI 10.1111/dom.15478
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  5. Article ; Online: Management of chronic diseases in preventive cardiology: Revisiting "the Problem of Obesity."

    Purnell, Jonathan Q

    American journal of preventive cardiology

    2020  Volume 1, Page(s) 100005

    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-05-01
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Editorial
    ISSN 2666-6677
    ISSN (online) 2666-6677
    DOI 10.1016/j.ajpc.2020.100005
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  6. Article ; Online: Bariatric/Metabolic Surgery for Diabetes: Lessons From the Past and Present.

    Purnell, Jonathan Q / Wolfe, Bruce M

    Diabetes care

    2019  Volume 42, Issue 2, Page(s) 186–188

    MeSH term(s) Bariatric Surgery ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; Humans ; Obesity, Morbid
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-01-23
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 441231-x
    ISSN 1935-5548 ; 0149-5992
    ISSN (online) 1935-5548
    ISSN 0149-5992
    DOI 10.2337/dci18-0031
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  7. Article ; Online: Glucocorticoid Receptor Antagonism as a New "Remedy" for Insulin Resistance-Not There Yet!

    Varlamov, Elena V / Purnell, Jonathan Q / Fleseriu, Maria

    The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism

    2021  Volume 106, Issue 6, Page(s) e2447–e2449

    MeSH term(s) Glucose Intolerance ; Humans ; Insulin ; Insulin Resistance ; Receptors, Glucocorticoid/genetics
    Chemical Substances Insulin ; Receptors, Glucocorticoid
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-03-03
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Editorial ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 3029-6
    ISSN 1945-7197 ; 0021-972X
    ISSN (online) 1945-7197
    ISSN 0021-972X
    DOI 10.1210/clinem/dgab127
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  8. Article ; Online: The Role of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 in Energy Homeostasis.

    Salehi, Marzieh / Purnell, Jonathan Q

    Metabolic syndrome and related disorders

    2019  Volume 17, Issue 4, Page(s) 183–191

    Abstract: Energy homeostasis is coordinated by bidirectional communication pathways between the brain and peripheral organs, including adipose tissue, muscle, the pancreas, liver, and gut. Disruption of the integrated chemical, hormonal, and neuronal signals that ... ...

    Abstract Energy homeostasis is coordinated by bidirectional communication pathways between the brain and peripheral organs, including adipose tissue, muscle, the pancreas, liver, and gut. Disruption of the integrated chemical, hormonal, and neuronal signals that constitute the gut-brain axis significantly contributes to disorders of metabolism and body weight. Initial studies of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), a gut hormone released in response to the ingestion of nutrients, focused on its incretin actions to improve postprandial glucose homeostasis by enhancing meal-induced insulin secretion. However, GLP-1 is also a key player in the gut-brain regulatory axis with multiple effects on appetite and energy metabolism outside of its peripheral glucoregulatory actions. In this review, we explore the function of GLP-1 as a component of the gut-brain axis in the regulation of energy homeostasis, and consider the implications of this role for the development of therapeutic treatment options for obesity.
    MeSH term(s) Adiposity ; Animals ; Appetite ; Brain/metabolism ; Energy Metabolism ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome ; Gastrointestinal Motility ; Glucagon-Like Peptide 1/physiology ; Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor/agonists ; Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor/metabolism ; Homeostasis ; Humans ; Incretins/metabolism ; Intestines/physiology ; Mice ; Obesity/metabolism ; Rats ; Vagus Nerve/physiology ; Weight Loss
    Chemical Substances GLP1R protein, human ; Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor ; Incretins ; Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 (89750-14-1)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-02-05
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2151220-6
    ISSN 1557-8518 ; 1540-4196
    ISSN (online) 1557-8518
    ISSN 1540-4196
    DOI 10.1089/met.2018.0088
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    Zs.A 5950: Show issues Location:
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  9. Article ; Online: Self-selected meal composition alters the relationship between same-day caloric intake and appetite scores in humans during a long-term ad-libitum feeding study

    Horgan, Angela M. / Palmbach, Gundula R. / Jordan, Julia M. / Callahan, Holly S. / Meeuws, Kaatje E. / Weigle, David S. / Kratz, Mario / Purnell, Jonathan Q.

    Eur J Nutr. 2023 Mar., v. 62, no. 2 p.1003-1009

    2023  

    Abstract: PURPOSE: To determine the effect of an off-protocol meal during a long-term ad libitum feeding study on changes in total caloric consumption and ratings of hunger and satiety. METHODS: During the ad libitum portion of a 16 weeks research high-protein ... ...

    Abstract PURPOSE: To determine the effect of an off-protocol meal during a long-term ad libitum feeding study on changes in total caloric consumption and ratings of hunger and satiety. METHODS: During the ad libitum portion of a 16 weeks research high-protein feeding study, 19 participants were allowed to eat up to one self-selected meal (SSM) a week instead of an intervention diet meal. The SSM was assessed for total caloric and macronutrient composition and compared to the intervention diet for 3 days before and after the SSM day. Visual analog scores rating daily hunger and fullness were collected and compared as well. RESULTS: On the SSM day, the mean ± SD daily caloric intake increased by 262 ± 332 kcal compared to the previous study days (P < 0.001), with no changes in subjective appetite scores. The following day there was a slight but significant reduction in intake (− 58 ± 85 kcal, P = 0.008) compared to the average pre-SSM day with no change in appetite scores. On the SSM day, percent protein intake was inversely associated mean daily caloric intake (r² = 0.22, P = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: During a long-term, ad-libitum high-protein feeding study, one SSM lower in protein increased daily total caloric consumption with no impact on appetite ratings and incomplete caloric consumption during subsequent days. These data suggest that during ad-libitum feeding, a single meal change in protein content impacts the relationships between daily level of hunger, satiety and calorie intake. CLINICALTRIALS.GOV ID: NCT05002491 (retrospectively registered 07/20/2021).
    Keywords diet ; energy intake ; hunger ; protein content ; protein intake ; satiety
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2023-03
    Size p. 1003-1009.
    Publishing place Springer Berlin Heidelberg
    Document type Article ; Online
    ZDB-ID 1466536-0
    ISSN 1436-6215 ; 1436-6207
    ISSN (online) 1436-6215
    ISSN 1436-6207
    DOI 10.1007/s00394-022-03040-5
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    Z 2281: Show issues

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  10. Article ; Online: Short-term intestinal lipase inhibition in normal-weight individuals does not affect postprandial peptide YY

    Nguyen, Nga N / Kolobova, Irina / Wolfe, Bruce M / Purnell, Jonathan Q

    Diabetes, obesity & metabolism

    2020  Volume 22, Issue 12, Page(s) 2499–2503

    Abstract: Fat malabsorption associated with Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) may contribute to elevated postprandial glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and peptide YY (PYY) after the procedure, leading to sustained weight loss and appetite reduction. This study ... ...

    Abstract Fat malabsorption associated with Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) may contribute to elevated postprandial glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and peptide YY (PYY) after the procedure, leading to sustained weight loss and appetite reduction. This study investigated whether fat malabsorption via orlistat increases GLP-1 and PYY and if these increases would be proportional to changes in hunger and satiety. Five healthy participants received standardized meals with 120 mg orlistat or placebo in a randomized, double-blinded, crossover design for 3 days. On the final day, glucose, insulin, GLP-1, PYY
    MeSH term(s) Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 ; Humans ; Hunger ; Lipase ; Peptide YY ; Postprandial Period
    Chemical Substances Peptide YY (106388-42-5) ; Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 (89750-14-1) ; Lipase (EC 3.1.1.3)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-09-23
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1454944-x
    ISSN 1463-1326 ; 1462-8902
    ISSN (online) 1463-1326
    ISSN 1462-8902
    DOI 10.1111/dom.14182
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