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Article ; Online: The impact of RNA stability and degradation in different tissues to the determination of post-mortem interval: A systematic review.

Thakral, Sahil / Purohit, Purvi / Mishra, Richa / Gupta, Vaibhav / Setia, Puneet

2023 Volume 349, Page(s) 111772

Abstract: Postmortem interval (PMI) in legal medicine is extremely important for both criminal and civil cases, and several sorts of techniques have been recommended. This systematic review solely focuses on approaches linked to RNA analysis, instead of including ... ...

Abstract	Postmortem interval (PMI) in legal medicine is extremely important for both criminal and civil cases, and several sorts of techniques have been recommended. This systematic review solely focuses on approaches linked to RNA analysis, instead of including all proposed methods for determining the PMI. The term PMI will be used in this review to indicate the time between a person's death and the postmortem examination of the body. We adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) Guidelines when conducting this systematic review. The majority of studies on various tissues at various time intervals at various temperatures are non-human, and just a small number are on humans. The results are then provided using various statistical approaches. To calculate the PMI, post-mortem RNA degradation was examined using several tissues. The result so obtained had an opposite polarity. While some studies show that RNA stability in various tissues remained constant for several days after death, the other group of studies showed evident RNA degradation over time post-mortem, which was significantly influenced by temperature and other agonal factors. These factors have an impact on the multi-parametric mathematical model of ante and post-mortem factors on RNA degradation, as well as its applicability and feasibility. The estimation of PMI using RNA degradation can prove to be highly objective and efficient after controlling for the various factors and challenges that pose the estimation of RNA in forensic samples difficult.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Autopsy ; Postmortem Changes ; RNA ; Forensic Medicine ; RNA Stability
Chemical Substances	RNA (63231-63-0)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-01
Publishing country	Ireland
Document type	Systematic Review ; Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	424042-x
ISSN	1872-6283 ; 0379-0738
ISSN (online)	1872-6283
ISSN	0379-0738
DOI	10.1016/j.forsciint.2023.111772
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Article: Multi-omics integration and interactomics reveals molecular networks and regulators of the beneficial effect of yoga and exercise.

Khokhar, Manoj / Tomo, Sojit / Gadwal, Ashita / Purohit, Purvi

International journal of yoga

2022 Volume 15, Issue 1, Page(s) 25–39

Abstract: Background: Yoga is a multifaceted spiritual tool that helps in maintaining health, peace of mind, and positive thoughts. In the context of asana, yoga is similar to physical exercise. This study aims to construct a molecular network to find hub genes ... ...

Abstract	Background: Yoga is a multifaceted spiritual tool that helps in maintaining health, peace of mind, and positive thoughts. In the context of asana, yoga is similar to physical exercise. This study aims to construct a molecular network to find hub genes that play important roles in physical exercise and yoga. Methodology: We combined differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in yoga and exercise using computational bioinformatics from publicly available gene expression omnibus (GEO) datasets and identified the codifferentially expressed mRNAs with GEO2R. The co-DEGs were divided into four different groups and each group was subjected to protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, pathways analysis, and gene ontology. Results: Our study identified immunological modulation as a dominant target of differential expression in yoga and exercise. Yoga predominantly modulated genes affecting the Th1 and NK cells, whereas Cytokines, Macrophage activation, and oxidative stress were affected by exercise. We also observed that while yoga regulated genes for two main physiological functions of the body, namely Circadian Rhythm (BHLHE40) and immunity (LBP, T-box transcription factor 21, CEACAM1), exercise-regulated genes involved in apoptosis (BAG3, protein kinase C alpha), angiogenesis, and cellular adhesion (EPH receptor A1). Conclusion: The dissimilarity in the genetic expression patterns in Yoga and exercise highlights the discrete effect of each in biological systems. The integration and convergences of multi-omics signals can provide deeper and comprehensive insights into the various biological mechanisms through which yoga and exercise exert their beneficial effects and opens up potential newer research areas.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-21
Publishing country	India
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	0973-6131
ISSN	0973-6131
DOI	10.4103/ijoy.ijoy_146_21
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Article ; Online: The impact of RNA stability and degradation in different tissues to the determination of post-mortem interval: A systematic review

Thakral, Sahil / Purohit, Purvi / Miśra, R̥cā / Gupta, Vaibhav / Setia, Puneet

Forensic Science International. 2023 Aug., v. 349 p.111772-

2023

Abstract	Postmortem interval (PMI) in legal medicine is extremely important for both criminal and civil cases, and several sorts of techniques have been recommended. This systematic review solely focuses on approaches linked to RNA analysis, instead of including all proposed methods for determining the PMI. The term PMI will be used in this review to indicate the time between a person's death and the postmortem examination of the body. We adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) Guidelines when conducting this systematic review. The majority of studies on various tissues at various time intervals at various temperatures are non-human, and just a small number are on humans. The results are then provided using various statistical approaches. To calculate the PMI, post-mortem RNA degradation was examined using several tissues. The result so obtained had an opposite polarity. While some studies show that RNA stability in various tissues remained constant for several days after death, the other group of studies showed evident RNA degradation over time post-mortem, which was significantly influenced by temperature and other agonal factors. These factors have an impact on the multi-parametric mathematical model of ante and post-mortem factors on RNA degradation, as well as its applicability and feasibility. The estimation of PMI using RNA degradation can prove to be highly objective and efficient after controlling for the various factors and challenges that pose the estimation of RNA in forensic samples difficult.
Keywords	RNA ; death ; forensic sciences ; mathematical models ; medicine ; meta-analysis ; necropsy ; postmortem changes ; systematic review ; temperature ; ∆∆Ct ; ∆Ct ; ATP ; cDNA ; Ct ; cTnI ; DNA, ; GAPDH ; mRNA ; PCR ; PM ; PMI ; qRt-PCR ; RIN ; rRNA ; Rt-PCR ; tRNA ; TSD ; Forensic genetics ; Molecular biology ; Post-mortem interval ; RNA degradation
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-08
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	424042-x
ISSN	1872-6283 ; 0379-0738
ISSN (online)	1872-6283
ISSN	0379-0738
DOI	10.1016/j.forsciint.2023.111772
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Article ; Online: Differential Expression of Zinc-Dependent HDAC Subtypes and their Involvement in Unique Pathways Associated with Carcinogenesis.

Ukey, Shweta / Ramteke, Abhilash / Choudhury, Chinmayee / Purohit, Purvi / Sharma, Praveen

Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP

2022 Volume 23, Issue 3, Page(s) 877–883

Abstract: Objective: The present study aims to identify the effect of ZnHDACs expression on the survival of the patients. Further, reveal the unique and common genes associated with each ZnHDACs and their associated pathways.: Methods: The patient data was ... ...

Abstract	Objective: The present study aims to identify the effect of ZnHDACs expression on the survival of the patients. Further, reveal the unique and common genes associated with each ZnHDACs and their associated pathways. Methods: The patient data was obtained from the Cancer Genome Atlas Program (TCGA) database and was analyzed using cBioportal and Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis 2(GEPIA2) online tools. Protein-protein interactions and functional interactomic analysis were done using STRING, DAVID, and KEGG pathway databases. Results: HDAC1, 2, 8, 11 were over-expressed and, HDAC4, 5, 6, 7, and 10 were down-regulated in all the cancer types, but there are few exceptional expression patterns such as HDAC7 and HDAC10 overexpression in HNSC, HDAC3 down-regulation in LUAD, and PRAD. The unique genes interacting with each ZnHDACs provided a better understanding of ZnHDAC's putative role in carcinogenesis. The present study reported that JARID2, stem cell regulation gene uniquely interacts with HDAC1, BPTF-CHRAC-BAZIA axis, enzymes for chromatin modeling selectively interacting with only HDAC2, HDAC3 in H2A acetylation via DMAP1 and YEATS4. HDAC6 associated unique genes regulate protein stability, HDAC7 in subnuclear localization and splicing, HDAC8 in telomere maintenance, HDAC9 in chromosomal rearrangements, and HDAC11 in maintaining histone core and folding. Conclusion: The unique genes and pathways associated with a particular ZnHDACs could provide a wide window for interrogating these genes for obtaining putative drug targets.
MeSH term(s)	Acetylation ; Carcinogenesis/genetics ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Histones/metabolism ; Humans ; Zinc
Chemical Substances	Histones ; Zinc (J41CSQ7QDS)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-01
Publishing country	Thailand
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2218955-5
ISSN	2476-762X ; 1513-7368
ISSN (online)	2476-762X
ISSN	1513-7368
DOI	10.31557/APJCP.2022.23.3.877
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Article: MicroRNAs based regulation of cytokine regulating immune expressed genes and their transcription factors in COVID-19.

Khokhar, Manoj / Tomo, Sojit / Purohit, Purvi

Meta gene

2021 Volume 31, Page(s) 100990

Abstract: Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 is characterized by the elevation of a broad spectrum of inflammatory mediators associated with poor disease outcomes. We aimed at an in-silico analysis of regulatory microRNA and their transcription factors (TF) for ...

Abstract	Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 is characterized by the elevation of a broad spectrum of inflammatory mediators associated with poor disease outcomes. We aimed at an in-silico analysis of regulatory microRNA and their transcription factors (TF) for these inflammatory genes that may help to devise potential therapeutic strategies in the future. Methods: The cytokine regulating immune-expressed genes (CRIEG) were sorted from literature and the GEO microarray dataset. Their co-differentially expressed miRNA and transcription factors were predicted from publicly available databases. Enrichment analysis was done through mienturnet, MiEAA, Gene Ontology, and pathways predicted by KEGG and Reactome pathways. Finally, the functional and regulatory features were analyzed and visualized through Cytoscape. Results: Sixteen CRIEG were observed to have a significant protein-protein interaction network. The ontological analysis revealed significantly enriched pathways for biological processes, molecular functions, and cellular components. The search performed in the miRNA database yielded ten miRNAs that are significantly involved in regulating these genes and their transcription factors. Conclusion: An in-silico representation of a network involving miRNAs, CRIEGs, and TF, which take part in the inflammatory response in COVID-19, has been elucidated. Thus, these regulatory factors may have potentially critical roles in the inflammatory response in COVID-19 and may be explored further to develop targeted therapeutic strategies and mechanistic validation.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-10-26
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2743632-9
ISSN	2214-5400
ISSN	2214-5400
DOI	10.1016/j.mgene.2021.100990
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Article ; Online: Association of miR-155, miR-187 and Inflammatory Cytokines IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-α in Chronic Opium Abusers.

Purohit, Purvi / Roy, Dipayan / Dwivedi, Shailendra / Nebhinani, Naresh / Sharma, Praveen

Inflammation

2022 Volume 45, Issue 2, Page(s) 554–566

Abstract: Substance use disorders are known to be associated with inflammation. However, the dynamics of inflammatory cytokines and microRNA in chronic opium use is yet unexplored. The current study determined the levels of inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-6, IL- ... ...

Abstract	Substance use disorders are known to be associated with inflammation. However, the dynamics of inflammatory cytokines and microRNA in chronic opium use is yet unexplored. The current study determined the levels of inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10 and immune-regulatory miR-155 and miR-187 expressions in chronic opioid use disorder. Adults (n = 48) meeting the 5th Edition of the DSM criteria regarding opioid use disorder and healthy controls (n = 46) were included in the study. Inflammatory cytokines IL-10, IL-6, and TNF-α were analyzed from serum samples, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells processed for miRNA expression. Cases showed significantly raised IL-10 and TNF-α and reduced IL-6. Dose-dependent upregulation of miR-155-5p and miR-187-5p was evident at opium dose >1500 g/month, with a corresponding increase of TNF-α and IL-10. MiR-155 showed a significant positive correlation with IL-6 and TNF-α levels, while miR-187 showed a significant negative association with TNF-α at ≥1000 g/month consumption. Therefore, increasing consumption of opium probably enhances inflammation leading to immunomodulation and aberrant expression of hsa-miR-155-5p and hsa-miR-187-5p in opioid use disorder.
MeSH term(s)	Cytokines/metabolism ; Interleukin-10 ; Interleukin-6 ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear/metabolism ; MicroRNAs/metabolism ; Opium ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Cytokines ; IL10 protein, human ; IL6 protein, human ; Interleukin-6 ; MicroRNAs ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; Interleukin-10 (130068-27-8) ; Opium (8008-60-4)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-29
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	434408-x
ISSN	1573-2576 ; 0360-3997
ISSN (online)	1573-2576
ISSN	0360-3997
DOI	10.1007/s10753-021-01566-0
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Article ; Online: Expression of human cardiac-specific genes: a novel method for post-mortem interval estimation.

Thakral, Sahil / Purohit, Purvi / Modi, Anupama / Mishra, Richa / Sinha, Arvind / Setia, Puneet

Archiwum medycyny sadowej i kryminologii

2023 Volume 73, Issue 1, Page(s) 5–11

Abstract: In legal medicine, the determination of post-mortem interval (PMI) is not only an important but also one of the most difficult aspects. Several methods are used to estimate PMI such as physicochemical, entomological, biochemical, metabolic, autolytic, ... ...

Title translation	Ekspresja genów specyficznych dla ludzkiego serca: nowa metoda szacowania interwału pośmiertnego.
Abstract	In legal medicine, the determination of post-mortem interval (PMI) is not only an important but also one of the most difficult aspects. Several methods are used to estimate PMI such as physicochemical, entomological, biochemical, metabolic, autolytic, and physical methods. These methods provide a wide range of PMI as they are affected by different factors. The approach behind the present study is to calculate an accurate PMI by using mRNA degradation and fold change expression (FCE) of cardiac-specific genes viz. N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NPPB) and cardiac troponin I (TNNI3). Seventeen cadaver heart tissues were analysed within a time frame of up to 12 hours from the time since death, at different time intervals at room temperature. Gene expression was determined and the data were analysed using the value of average delta Ct (ΔCt) value of the assessed gene and housekeeping gene. Delta delta Ct (ΔΔCt) method was used to calculate the FCE at the different 7-time groups. The FCE of TNNI3 was almost stable till 15 hours of PMI and then after 15 hours, expression shows a decrease up to 24 hours after death; whereas, NPPB shows that FCE was stable till 12 hours of PMI and then after 12 hours, expression shows a decrease up to 24 hours after death. The FCE of NPPB and TNNI3 was almost stable till 12 hours. Thus, the estimation of PMI by analysis of the FCE of cardiac-specific genes can be a new promising method in forensic medicine.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Autopsy ; Forensic Medicine ; Cadaver ; Genes, Essential ; Troponin I/genetics
Chemical Substances	5-nitro-2-(3-phenylpropylamino)benzoic acid (3A35O9G3YZ) ; Troponin I
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-28
Publishing country	Poland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2780064-7
ISSN	1689-1716 ; 1689-1716
ISSN (online)	1689-1716
ISSN	1689-1716
DOI	10.4467/16891716AMSIK.22.001.18211
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Article ; Online: Estimation of serum insulin, Homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance and C-peptide can help identify possible cardiovascular disease risk in thyroid disorder patients.

Purohit, Purvi

Indian journal of endocrinology and metabolism

2012 Volume 16 Suppl 1, Page(s) S97–S103

Abstract: Aim: We aimed at evaluating the cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk of thyroid disorder patients at diagnosis, using the traditional lipid profile, apo-B and apo-A1 in correlation with serum insulin and insulin resistance (IR) and C-peptide.: Background! ...

Abstract	Aim: We aimed at evaluating the cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk of thyroid disorder patients at diagnosis, using the traditional lipid profile, apo-B and apo-A1 in correlation with serum insulin and insulin resistance (IR) and C-peptide. Background: With an ever increasing incidence of CVD in most urban populations, there has been a demand for newer techniques that could help in the early detection of the risk of this disease complex. Materials and methods: The present study was conducted on 100 healthy controls and 150 hypothyroid and 70 hyperthyroid patients, coming for the first time to our OPDs. The patients were selected on the basis of symptomatology and serum T3, T4, thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) evaluations. They were then analyzed for body mass index (BMI), blood pressure (BP), serum insulin, homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), C-peptide, lipid profile and apo-B and -A1. Statistical analysis was done using Student's "t" test and Spearman's coefficient of correlation. Results: The hypothyroid patients presented with high BMI, diastolic hypertension, dyslipidemia, hyperinsulinemia, IR and raised serum C-peptide. There was highly significant correlation of serum insulin, HOMA-IR and C-peptide with lipid fractions and CVD risk ratios, T. chol/HDLc and apo-B/apo-A1, in hypothyroid patients. The hyperthyroid patients presented with systolic hypertension and a significant correlation of T. chol/HDLc with HOMA-IR. Hyperthyroid patients also had hyperinsulinemia, but reduced serum C-peptide levels. Conclusion: We conclude that the estimation of traditional lipid profile along with serum insulin, IR, C-peptide, apo-A1 and apo-B would not only help assess the thyroid status, but can also help in the early evaluation of a possible risk of CVD.
Language	English
Publishing date	2012-06-03
Publishing country	India
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2600211-5
ISSN	2230-9500 ; 2230-8210
ISSN (online)	2230-9500
ISSN	2230-8210
DOI	10.4103/2230-8210.94263
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Article: Cardiovascular diseases risk evaluation in newly diagnosed type-2 diabetics: An association of novel biomarkers apo proteins and C-peptide.

Purohit, Purvi

Indian journal of endocrinology and metabolism

2012 Volume 16, Issue 6, Page(s) 1061–1062

Language	English
Publishing date	2012-07-05
Publishing country	India
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2600211-5
ISSN	2230-9500 ; 2230-8210
ISSN (online)	2230-9500
ISSN	2230-8210
DOI	10.4103/2230-8210.103052
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Article ; Online: Analyzing the Association of Visceral Adipose Tissue Growth Differentiation Factor-15 and MicroRNA in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Roy, Dipayan / Purohit, Purvi / Khokhar, Manoj / Modi, Anupama / Shukla, Ravindra Kumar Gayaprasad / Chaudhary, Ramkaran / Sankanagoudar, Shrimanjunath / Sharma, Praveen

Journal of obesity & metabolic syndrome

2023 Volume 32, Issue 1, Page(s) 64–76

Abstract: Background: Growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) is involved in insulin resistance and diabetes. In this study, we determine the associations of GDF-15 with miR-181b-5p, miR-330-3p, mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 7 (SMAD7), and insulin ... ...

Abstract	Background: Growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) is involved in insulin resistance and diabetes. In this study, we determine the associations of GDF-15 with miR-181b-5p, miR-330-3p, mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 7 (SMAD7), and insulin resistance in visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. Methods: Sixty patients, equally divided into those with T2DM and non-diabetic controls, were recruited for gene expression analysis. Protein-protein interaction (STRING), target prediction (miRNet), and functional enrichment were conducted accordingly. Results: Our study showed that VAT and PBMCs had similar expression profiles, where GDF-15 and miR-181b-5p were upregulated, whereas SMAD7 and miR-330-3p were downregulated. Serum GDF-15 could differentiate between T2DM and non-diabetic patients ( Conclusion: VAT GDF-15 is associated with insulin resistance and is possibly regulated by miR-181b-5p, miR-330-3p, and SMAD7 in T2DM.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-15
Publishing country	Korea (South)
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	3021984-X
ISSN	2508-7576 ; 2508-6235
ISSN (online)	2508-7576
ISSN	2508-6235
DOI	10.7570/jomes22010
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