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  1. Article ; Online: Electron Beam Susceptibility of Enteric Viruses and Surrogate Organisms on Fruit, Seed and Spice Matrices.

    Butot, Sophie / Galbusera, Luca / Putallaz, Thierry / Zuber, Sophie

    Food and environmental virology

    2021  Volume 13, Issue 2, Page(s) 218–228

    Abstract: The objective of this study was to use high-energy electron beam (HEEB) treatments to find surrogate microorganisms for enteric viruses and to use the selected surrogates as proof of concept to investigate low-energy electron beam (LEEB) treatments for ... ...

    Abstract The objective of this study was to use high-energy electron beam (HEEB) treatments to find surrogate microorganisms for enteric viruses and to use the selected surrogates as proof of concept to investigate low-energy electron beam (LEEB) treatments for enteric virus inactivation at industrial scale on frozen blueberries. Six food matrices inoculated with HAV (hepatitis A virus), MNV S99 (murine norovirus), bacteriophages MS2 and Qβ, and Geobacillus stearothermophilus spores were treated with HEEB at 10 MeV using 4, 8 and 16 kGy doses. G. stearothermophilus spores showed the highest inactivation on all matrices except on raisins, with a dose-dependent effect. HAV reached the maximum measurable log
    MeSH term(s) Food Irradiation/methods ; Fruit/radiation effects ; Fruit/virology ; Hepatitis A virus/physiology ; Hepatitis A virus/radiation effects ; Levivirus/physiology ; Levivirus/radiation effects ; Norovirus/physiology ; Norovirus/radiation effects ; Seeds/radiation effects ; Seeds/virology ; Spices/radiation effects ; Spices/virology ; Virus Inactivation/radiation effects
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-02-10
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Evaluation Study ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2487173-4
    ISSN 1867-0342 ; 1867-0334
    ISSN (online) 1867-0342
    ISSN 1867-0334
    DOI 10.1007/s12560-021-09463-3
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  2. Article ; Online: Inactivation by osmotic dehydration and air drying of Salmonella, Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes, hepatitis A virus and selected surrogates on blueberries.

    Bai, Xi / Campagnoli, Matteo / Butot, Sophie / Putallaz, Thierry / Michot, Lise / Zuber, Sophie

    International journal of food microbiology

    2020  Volume 320, Page(s) 108522

    Abstract: Osmotically dehydrated and air dried berry fruits are used as ingredients for the production of yoghurts, chocolates, cereal bars and mixes, ice creams and cakes and these fruits are often subjected to mild thermal treatments only, posing questions ... ...

    Abstract Osmotically dehydrated and air dried berry fruits are used as ingredients for the production of yoghurts, chocolates, cereal bars and mixes, ice creams and cakes and these fruits are often subjected to mild thermal treatments only, posing questions around their microbiological safety. As osmotic dehydration methods and parameters vary considerably within the industry and minimally processed high quality fruits are increasingly sought, the scope of this study was to determine which temperatures are required for the inactivation of relevant bacteria and viruses during osmotic dehydration of berries, using blueberries as a model berry in a thawed state to mimic common industrial practices. Additionally, we studied the inactivation of osmotic dehydration at 23 °C, sometimes referred to "cold infusion" followed by air drying at 100 °C to determine the microbiological safety achieved by this combined treatment. Four pathogens (Salmonella enterica, Escherichia coli O157:H7, Listeria monocytogenes and hepatitis A virus (HAV)) and five surrogates (Enterococcus faecium, Escherichia coli P1, Listeria innocua, murine Norovirus (MNV) and bacteriophage MS2) were inoculated on blueberries and reductions were measured after different treatment combinations. After osmotic dehydration of bacterial strains at 40 °C no survivors were detected on blueberries, with the exception of E. faecium. Inactivation of the viruses at 45 °C showed no survivors for MS2 and mean reductions of 1.5 and 3.4 log
    MeSH term(s) Bacteria/classification ; Bacteria/growth & development ; Blueberry Plants/microbiology ; Blueberry Plants/virology ; Colony Count, Microbial ; Food Microbiology ; Food, Preserved/microbiology ; Food, Preserved/virology ; Fruit/microbiology ; Fruit/virology ; Pasteurization/methods ; Temperature ; Viruses/classification ; Viruses/growth & development
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-01-15
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 87122-9
    ISSN 1879-3460 ; 0168-1605
    ISSN (online) 1879-3460
    ISSN 0168-1605
    DOI 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2020.108522
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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 4668: Show issues Location:
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  3. Article: Effect of mild steaming treatment on the inactivation of Salmonella, Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli O157:H7 and their surrogates on black peppercorns

    Zhou, Zijin / Zuber, Sophie / Campagnoli, Matteo / Putallaz, Thierry / Devlieghere, Frank / Uyttendaele, Mieke

    Food control. 2019 Dec., v. 106

    2019  

    Abstract: The microbial safety of black peppercorns (Piper nigrum L.) has raised concerns due to increasing numbers of reported foodborne outbreaks and food safety alerts. To avoid quality degradation caused by excessive thermal processing, mild steaming ... ...

    Abstract The microbial safety of black peppercorns (Piper nigrum L.) has raised concerns due to increasing numbers of reported foodborne outbreaks and food safety alerts. To avoid quality degradation caused by excessive thermal processing, mild steaming treatments (<80 °C) were tested in the present study as a promising solution to inactivate bacterial pathogens while maintaining the product quality of black peppercorns. Whole black peppercorns at three different water activities (aw) were inoculated with 1% v/w of single bacterial inoculum (including 4 Salmonella, 3 Listeria monocytogenes, 3 Escherichia coli O157:H7 and 4 non-pathogenic surrogates Enterococcus faecium, Escherichia coli P1, Escherichia.coli K12 and Listeria innocua), stored at 22 °C for 4 days to reach equilibrium and subjected to steam treatments at 70 and 75 °C for 5 min. Results indicated that steaming at 70 °C was sufficient to eliminate tested E. coli O157:H7 strains on black peppercorns at aw 0.57 and 0.69. Increased thermal resistance was observed on all pathogenic strains at the lowest aw 0.35 during treatments at 70 °C. Increasing the treatment temperature to 75 °C resulted in ≥ 5-log reductions of Salmonella and L. monocytogenes strains at all tested aw. Among the four surrogate strains, Enterococcus faecium was shown to be the most suitable surrogate in validating mild steaming processes of black peppercorns. Steaming conditions tested led to no color changes on treated black peppercorns (aw < 0.80) compared to the original ones. Mild steaming at 75 °C has the potential to be applied in the production of dried black peppercorns to lower the microbial contaminants while maintaining the product's visual quality. Additionally, data collected on the wide range of pathogenic strains in the present study regarding their survival on black peppercorns during storage (22 °C) and steam treatments demonstrate that Salmonella remained the pathogen of concern for dried food matrices.
    Keywords Enterococcus faecium ; Escherichia coli O157 ; Listeria innocua ; Listeria monocytogenes ; Piper nigrum ; Salmonella ; color ; data collection ; food matrix ; food safety ; heat tolerance ; inoculum ; microbial contamination ; pathogens ; steam ; steaming ; storage temperature ; virulent strains ; water activity
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2019-12
    Publishing place Elsevier Ltd
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 1027805-9
    ISSN 0956-7135
    ISSN 0956-7135
    DOI 10.1016/j.foodcont.2019.106726
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    In stock of ZB MED Bonn / Germany

    Z 5255: Show issues

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  4. Article: Validation protocol for commercial sterility testing methods

    Diep, Benjamin / Moulin, Julie / Bastic-Schmid, Viktoria / Putallaz, Thierry / Gimonet, Johan / Valles, Antonio Deban / Klijn, Adrianne

    Food control. 2019 Sept., v. 103

    2019  

    Abstract: Thermal processing technology has been widely applied for the preservation of food. Initially used for canned foods, thermal processes have since been extended to a large range of foods. Ready-to-eat products processed at Ultra-High Temperature (UHT) and ...

    Abstract Thermal processing technology has been widely applied for the preservation of food. Initially used for canned foods, thermal processes have since been extended to a large range of foods. Ready-to-eat products processed at Ultra-High Temperature (UHT) and aseptically filled are extensively consumed because of their convenience. Sterilisation and aseptic filling are critical steps, and food business operators have to verify their efficacy by demonstrating commercial sterility. Methods commonly used to demonstrate commercial sterility also originate from the canning industry and are both cumbersome and time consuming. Several alternative methods are available, but they do not have official validation status since standard validation protocols, such as ISO 16140–2 and AOAC guidelines cannot be applied due to differences in the testing procedure. We propose a validation protocol based on inclusivity and limit of detection LOD95 as performance criteria. The traditional direct streaking and six alternative methods were assessed to demonstrate the relevance of the protocol; three methods were based on cellular metabolism during microbial growth (CO2 production, O2 consumption), one was based on cell count by flow cytometer and two methods were based on cellular ATP activity. Nine food items including challenging matrices (high pH, high fat contents) were tested with sporeforming and non-sporeforming microorganims. Inclusivity results show that all the methods could detect a large range of microorganisms provided appropriate culture media were used. The LOD95 results indicated that methods based on cellular metabolisms were very sensitive (LOD95 < 1 log10 CFU/mL) compared to cells counts and ATP-based methods (LOD95 > 3 log10 CFU/mL). This is the first study proposing relevant performance criteria to validate alternative commercial sterility methods. The outcomes allow the end user to select a right method according to their requirements.
    Keywords UHT treatment ; adenosine triphosphate ; canned foods ; canning industry ; carbon dioxide production ; culture media ; detection limit ; flow cytometry ; metabolism ; microbial growth ; microorganisms ; oxygen ; oxygen consumption ; pH ; ready-to-eat foods
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2019-09
    Size p. 1-8.
    Publishing place Elsevier Ltd
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 1027805-9
    ISSN 0956-7135
    ISSN 0956-7135
    DOI 10.1016/j.foodcont.2019.03.029
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    In stock of ZB MED Bonn / Germany

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  5. Article ; Online: UV-C inactivation of foodborne bacterial and viral pathogens and surrogates on fresh and frozen berries.

    Butot, Sophie / Cantergiani, Frédérique / Moser, Mireille / Jean, Julie / Lima, Anthony / Michot, Lise / Putallaz, Thierry / Stroheker, Thomas / Zuber, Sophie

    International journal of food microbiology

    2018  Volume 275, Page(s) 8–16

    Abstract: Outbreaks of foodborne illness associated with berries often involve contamination with hepatitis A virus (HAV) and norovirus but also bacteria such as Escherichia coli O157:H7 and parasites such as Cyclospora caytanensis. We evaluated the applicability ... ...

    Abstract Outbreaks of foodborne illness associated with berries often involve contamination with hepatitis A virus (HAV) and norovirus but also bacteria such as Escherichia coli O157:H7 and parasites such as Cyclospora caytanensis. We evaluated the applicability of UV-C to the inactivation of pathogens on strawberries, raspberries and blueberries. Our three-step approach consisted of assessing the chemical safety of UV-C-irradiated berries, evaluating the sensory quality after UV-C treatment and finally studying the inactivation of the target microorganisms. Treatments lasting up to 9 min (4000 mJ cm
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Blueberry Plants/microbiology ; Escherichia coli O157/radiation effects ; Food Irradiation/methods ; Food Microbiology ; Foodborne Diseases/prevention & control ; Fragaria/microbiology ; Freezing ; Fruit/microbiology ; Hepatitis A virus/radiation effects ; Listeria monocytogenes/radiation effects ; Microbial Viability/radiation effects ; Norovirus/radiation effects ; Rubus/microbiology ; Salmonella/radiation effects ; Ultraviolet Rays
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-06-20
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 87122-9
    ISSN 1879-3460 ; 0168-1605
    ISSN (online) 1879-3460
    ISSN 0168-1605
    DOI 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2018.03.016
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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 4668: Show issues Location:
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  6. Article ; Online: Evaluation of various real-time RT-PCR assays for the detection and quantitation of human norovirus.

    Butot, Sophie / Le Guyader, Francoise S / Krol, Joanna / Putallaz, Thierry / Amoroso, Richard / Sánchez, Gloria

    Journal of virological methods

    2010  Volume 167, Issue 1, Page(s) 90–94

    Abstract: Human noroviruses (NoVs) are the most common viruses causing acute gastroenteritis in humans. Performance characteristics of two commercial quantitative NoV RT-PCR assays, the Norovirus real-time RT-PCR Kit (AnDiaTec) and the Type I and Type II kits ( ... ...

    Abstract Human noroviruses (NoVs) are the most common viruses causing acute gastroenteritis in humans. Performance characteristics of two commercial quantitative NoV RT-PCR assays, the Norovirus real-time RT-PCR Kit (AnDiaTec) and the Type I and Type II kits (Generon), and the international assay as selected by the CEN/TC/WG6/TAG4 group were evaluated for the specific detection and quantitation of 59 NoV samples, including different subtypes of NoV genogroup I and II. The results showed that the method proposed by the CEN/TC/WG6/TAG4 group was 100% specific since it was able to detect all samples tested. The commercialized kits evaluated failed to detect a vast majority of NoV GI strains. Additionally the Generon kit did not succeed to detect strains from GII.3, GII.5, GII.6, GII.7, GII.8, GII.12 and GII.17. In addition, the detection limit using the most prevalent strain, NoV GII.4, was 2.5 PCRU per reaction using both commercial kits. Despite this good sensitivity for NoV GII.4 detection it is concluded that both commercial assays are not suitable for the detection and quantitation of most NoV subtypes. Therefore the method proposed by the CEN/TC/WG6/TAG4 group is recommended for epidemiological studies and outbreaks investigations.
    MeSH term(s) Caliciviridae Infections/diagnosis ; Caliciviridae Infections/virology ; Gastroenteritis/virology ; Humans ; Molecular Diagnostic Techniques/methods ; Norovirus/isolation & purification ; Reagent Kits, Diagnostic ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Viral Load/methods
    Chemical Substances Reagent Kits, Diagnostic
    Language English
    Publishing date 2010-07
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Evaluation Studies ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 8013-5
    ISSN 1879-0984 ; 0166-0934
    ISSN (online) 1879-0984
    ISSN 0166-0934
    DOI 10.1016/j.jviromet.2010.03.018
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    Zs.A 1565: Show issues Location:
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  7. Article: Reverse transcription-PCR analysis of bottled and natural mineral waters for the presence of noroviruses.

    Lamothe, Gilbert Thierry / Putallaz, Thierry / Joosten, Han / Marugg, Joey D

    Applied and environmental microbiology

    2003  Volume 69, Issue 11, Page(s) 6541–6549

    Abstract: A seminested reverse transcription-PCR method coupled to membrane filtration was optimized to investigate the presence of norovirus (NV) RNA sequences in bottled and natural mineral waters. The recovery of viral particles by filtration varied between 28 ... ...

    Abstract A seminested reverse transcription-PCR method coupled to membrane filtration was optimized to investigate the presence of norovirus (NV) RNA sequences in bottled and natural mineral waters. The recovery of viral particles by filtration varied between 28 and 45%, while the limit of detection of the overall method ranged from 6 to 95 viral particles. The assay was broadly reactive, as shown by the successful detection of 27 different viral strains representing 12 common genotypes of NVs. A total of 718 bottled and natural mineral water samples were investigated, including 640 samples of finished, spring, and line products (mostly 1 to 1.5 liters), collected from 36 different water brands of various types and from diverse geographic origins over a 2-year period. In addition, 78 samples of larger volume (10 and 400 to 500 liters) and environmental swabs were investigated. From the 1,436 analyses that were performed for the detection of NVs belonging to genogroups I and II, 34 samples (2.44%) were presumptively positive by seminested RT-PCR. However, confirmation by DNA sequence analysis revealed that all presumptive positive results were either due to nonspecific amplification or to cross-contamination. In conclusion, these results do not provide any evidence for the presence of NV genome sequences in bottled waters.
    MeSH term(s) Beverages/virology ; Filtration ; Genome, Viral ; Humans ; Mineral Waters/virology ; Norovirus/genetics ; Norovirus/isolation & purification ; RNA, Viral/isolation & purification ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Water Microbiology/standards
    Chemical Substances Mineral Waters ; RNA, Viral
    Language English
    Publishing date 2003-10-09
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Evaluation Study ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 223011-2
    ISSN 1098-5336 ; 0099-2240
    ISSN (online) 1098-5336
    ISSN 0099-2240
    DOI 10.1128/AEM.69.11.6541-6549.2003
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    Zs.B 201: Show issues Location:
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