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Article ; Online: Long-Term Protein Restriction Modulates Lipid Metabolism in White Adipose Tissues and Alters Colonic Microbiota of Shaziling Pigs

Jie Zheng / Yehui Duan / Changbing Zheng / Jiayi Yu / Fengna Li / Qiuping Guo / Yulong Yin

Animals, Vol 12, Iss 2944, p

2022 Volume 2944

Abstract: Obesity is a matter of concern to the public. Abundant evidence has been accumulated that nutritional intervention is a promising strategy to address this health issue. The objective of this study is to investigate alterations in the lipid metabolism in ... ...

Abstract	Obesity is a matter of concern to the public. Abundant evidence has been accumulated that nutritional intervention is a promising strategy to address this health issue. The objective of this study is to investigate alterations in the lipid metabolism in white adipose tissues and the gut microbiota of Shaziling pigs challenged by long-term protein restriction. Results showed that compared with the control group, reducing the protein level by 20% (−20%) increased the mRNA abundance of FABP4 in white adipose tissues ( p < 0.05). This occurred in conjunction with increases in PPARγ protein expression. Conversely, the protein expression of C/EBPα was reduced in the −20% group ( p < 0.05). Moreover, the −20% group had increased/decreased phosphorylation of AMPKα/mTOR, respectively ( p < 0.05). As for the colonic gut microbiota, a 20% reduction in the protein level led to increased Lachnospiraceae XPB1014 group abundance at the genus level ( p < 0.01). Collectively, these results indicated that a 20% protein reduction could modulate lipid metabolism and alter the colonic microbiota of Shaziling pigs, an approach which might be translated into a treatment for obesity.
Keywords	protein restriction ; lipid metabolism ; obesity ; gut microbiota ; Shaziling pigs ; Veterinary medicine ; SF600-1100 ; Zoology ; QL1-991
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-10-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Effects of Long-Term Protein Restriction on Meat Quality and Muscle Metabolites of Shaziling Pigs

Jie Zheng / Yehui Duan / Jiayi Yu / Fengna Li / Qiuping Guo / Tiejun Li / Yulong Yin

Animals, Vol 12, Iss 15, p

2022 Volume 2007

Abstract: Background: It has been demonstrated that low-protein diets can improve the meat quality of pork. This study aimed to investigate the effects of long-term protein restriction from piglets to finishing pigs for 24 weeks on meat quality and muscle ... ...

Abstract	Background: It has been demonstrated that low-protein diets can improve the meat quality of pork. This study aimed to investigate the effects of long-term protein restriction from piglets to finishing pigs for 24 weeks on meat quality and muscle metabolites of Shaziling pigs. Results: Compared to the control group, reducing dietary protein levels by 20% reduced the L* value ( p < 0.05), increased the a* value ( p < 0.01), and tended to decrease pressing loss ( p = 0.06) of longissimus thoracis muscle (LTM). Furthermore, compared to the control group, the −20% group had significantly lower levels of muscular danazol, N,N-dimethyl-Safingol, and cer(d18:0/14:0) ( p < 0.05), all of which were positively associated with the L* value and negatively associated with the a* value ( p < 0.05). Therefore, danazol, N,N-dimethyl-Safingol, and cer(d18:0/14:0) might be potential biomarkers for meat color. Conclusions: These results indicated that reducing dietary crude protein by 20% for 24 weeks could improve meat quality and alter muscular metabolites of Shaziling pigs, and the improvement in meat quality might be ascribable to decreased danazol, N,N-dimethyl-Safingol and cer(d18:0/14:0).
Keywords	protein restriction ; meat quality ; muscle metabolites ; Shaziling pigs ; Veterinary medicine ; SF600-1100 ; Zoology ; QL1-991
Subject code	630
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Alterations of the Muscular Fatty Acid Composition and Serum Metabolome in Bama Xiang Mini-Pigs Exposed to Dietary Beta-Hydroxy Beta-Methyl Butyrate

Changbing Zheng / Bo Song / Qiuping Guo / Jie Zheng / Fengna Li / Yehui Duan / Can Peng

Animals, Vol 11, Iss 1190, p

2021 Volume 1190

Abstract: This study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary beta-hydroxy beta-methyl butyrate (HMB) supplementation on muscular lipid metabolism in Bama Xiang mini-pigs. Thirty-two piglets (8.58 ± 0.40 kg, barrow) were selected and fed a basal diet ... ...

Abstract	This study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary beta-hydroxy beta-methyl butyrate (HMB) supplementation on muscular lipid metabolism in Bama Xiang mini-pigs. Thirty-two piglets (8.58 ± 0.40 kg, barrow) were selected and fed a basal diet supplemented either with 0 (control), 0.13%, 0.64%, or 1.28% HMB for 60 days. Throughout the experiments, they had free access to clean drinking water and diets. Data of this study were analyzed by one-way ANOVA using the SAS 8.2 software package, followed by a Tukey’s studentized range test to explore treatment effects. The results showed that compared to the control, 0.13% HMB decreased the intramuscular fat (IMF) content and increased polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in Longissimus thoracis muscle (LTM), and increased the n3 PUFAs in soleus muscles (SM, p < 0.05). Moreover, HMB supplementation led to alterations in the mRNA expression of genes related to lipid metabolism. Serum metabolome profiling showed that in both LTM and SM of Bama Xiang mini-pigs, N -Methyl- l -glutamate was positively correlated with SFA and nummularine A was negatively correlated with C18:3n3 PUFA ( p < 0.05). Therefore, N -Methyl- l -glutamate and nummularine A might be potential biomarkers of the HMB-supplemented group. These results suggested that dietary HMB supplementation could decrease the IMF content and increase n3 PUFAs as well as regulate the related metabolites ( N -Methyl- l -glutamate and nummularine A) in the serum of pigs.
Keywords	beta-hydroxy beta-methyl butyrate ; intramuscular fat ; n3 fatty acids ; N -Methyl- l -glutamate ; nummularine A ; pigs ; Veterinary medicine ; SF600-1100 ; Zoology ; QL1-991
Subject code	630
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-04-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Effects of Different Supplemental Levels of Eucommia ulmoides Leaf Extract in the Diet on Carcass Traits and Lipid Metabolism in Growing–Finishing Pigs

Yuhuan Yang / Fengna Li / Qiuping Guo / Wenlong Wang / Lingyu Zhang / Yunju Yin / Saiming Gong / Mengmeng Han / Yulong Yin

Frontiers in Veterinary Science, Vol

2022 Volume 8

Abstract: This study examined the effects of dietary Eucommia ulmoides leaf extract (ELE) supplements on carcass traits and lipid metabolism in growing–finishing pigs. A total of 144 crossbred (Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire) piglets with an average initial weight ... ...

Abstract	This study examined the effects of dietary Eucommia ulmoides leaf extract (ELE) supplements on carcass traits and lipid metabolism in growing–finishing pigs. A total of 144 crossbred (Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire) piglets with an average initial weight of 10.11 ± 0.03 kg were randomly allotted to four treatment groups, each with six replicates and six piglets per replicate. Each group of pigs was fed a basal diet or a diet supplemented with increasing levels of ELE (0.1, 0.2, or 0.3%). The results showed that adding ELE had no negative effect on the growth performance of pigs. Dietary supplements of 0.1% ELE significantly increased carcass weight (p < 0.01), dressing percentage (p < 0.01), carcass length (p < 0.05), and eye muscle area (p < 0.05). Compared with the control group, a 0.2% ELE supplement significantly increased (p < 0.01) the levels of adiponectin, insulin-like growth factor 1, and hormone-sensitive lipase and lipoprotein lipase activity in the serum. Histological examination showed that ELE inhibited fat deposition in the backfat tissue. Lipid metabolism-related biochemical indices and mRNA expression levels were improved after supplementing diets with ELE. Moreover, all three levels of ELE dramatically upregulated (p < 0.05) the protein levels of p-AMPK-α and p-ACC. In summary, adding ELE to pig diets could improve the carcass traits of growing–finishing pigs and exert a lipid-lowering effect by activating the AMPK-ACC pathway and regulating mRNA expression levels related to lipid metabolism. Supplementing the diet with 0.1–0.2% ELE is the optimal range to reduce fat deposition in pig backfat tissue.
Keywords	Eucommia ulmoides leaf extract ; DLY growing-finishing pigs ; growth performance ; carcass trait ; lipid metabolism ; AMPK-ACC signal pathway ; Veterinary medicine ; SF600-1100
Subject code	630
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Dietary proline supplementation alters colonic luminal microbiota and bacterial metabolite composition between days 45 and 70 of pregnancy in Huanjiang mini-pigs

Yujiao Ji / Qiuping Guo / Yulong Yin / Francois Blachier / Xiangfeng Kong

Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Vol 9, Iss 1, Pp 1-

2018 Volume 11

Abstract: Abstract Background Pregnancy is associated with important changes in gut microbiota composition. Dietary factors may affect the diversity, composition, and metabolic activity of the intestinal microbiota. Among amino acids, proline is known to play ... ...

Abstract	Abstract Background Pregnancy is associated with important changes in gut microbiota composition. Dietary factors may affect the diversity, composition, and metabolic activity of the intestinal microbiota. Among amino acids, proline is known to play important roles in protein metabolism and structure, cell differentiation, conceptus growth and development, and gut microbiota re-equilibration in case of dysbiosis. Results Dietary supplementation with 1% proline decreased (P < 0.05) the amounts of Klebsiella pneumoniae, Peptostreptococcus productus, Pseudomonas, and Veillonella spp. in distal colonic contents than that in the control group. The colonic contents of Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens, Bifidobacterium sp., Clostridium coccoides, Clostridium coccoides-Eubacterium rectale, Clostridium leptum subgroup, Escherichia coli, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Fusobacterium prausnitzii, and Prevotella increased (P < 0.05) on d 70 of pregnancy as compared with those on d 45 of pregnancy. The colonic concentrations of acetate, total straight-chain fatty acid, and total short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) in the proline-supplemented group were lower (P < 0.05), and butyrate level (P = 0.06) decreased as compared with the control group. Almost all of the SCFA displayed higher (P < 0.05) concentrations in proximal colonic contents on d 70 of pregnancy than those on d 45 of pregnancy. The concentrations of 1,7-heptyl diamine (P = 0.09) and phenylethylamine (P < 0.05) in proximal colonic contents were higher, while those of spermidine (P = 0.05) and total bioamine (P = 0.06) tended to be lower in the proline-supplemented group than those in the control group. The concentrations of spermidine, spermine, and total bioamine in colonic contents were higher (P < 0.05) on d 70 of pregnancy than those measured on d 45 of pregnancy. In contrast, the concentration of phenylethylamine was lower (P < 0.05) on d 70 than on d 45 of pregnancy. Conclusion These findings indicate that L-proline supplementation modifies both the ...
Keywords	Bacterial metabolites ; Colonic microbiota ; L-proline ; Pregnant Huanjiang mini-pigs ; Animal culture ; SF1-1100 ; Veterinary medicine ; SF600-1100
Subject code	572
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	BMC
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Effects of Dietary Tea Powder on the Growth Performance, Carcass Traits, and Meat Quality of Tibetan Pig × Bama Miniature Pigs

Zhaoming Yan / Yinzhao Zhong / Yunju Yin / Yehui Duan / Wenlong Wang / Lingyu Zhang / Qiuping Guo / Qinghua Chen / Fengna Li

Animals, Vol 11, Iss 3225, p

2021 Volume 3225

Abstract: This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of tea powder in diets on the growth performance, meat quality, muscular amino acid, fatty acid profile, and serum biochemical indices of pigs. A total of 120 local Chinese pigs (Tibetan × Bama miniature ... ...

Abstract	This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of tea powder in diets on the growth performance, meat quality, muscular amino acid, fatty acid profile, and serum biochemical indices of pigs. A total of 120 local Chinese pigs (Tibetan × Bama miniature pigs) were randomly assigned to five treatment groups, each with six pens and four pigs per pen. During a 60-day experiment, these groups of pigs were fed the normal diet and the diet supplemented with 1%, 2%, 4%, and 6% tea powder, respectively. The results showed that the supplementation of tea powder did not affect the growth performance of pigs. However, the dietary tea powder inclusion decreased ( p < 0.05) the average fat thickness, total fat, and abdominal fat, and increased ( p < 0.05) the total muscle as well. In addition, the dietary 2% tea powder decreased ( p < 0.05) the muscle lightness (L) and yellowness (b). Compared with the control group, the dietary supplementation with 1%, 2%, and 4% tea powder raised ( p < 0.05) the total amino acids (TAA) and essential amino acids (EAA), and dietary 4% and 6% tea powder increased ( p < 0.05) the C20:5n3 in the muscle tissue. Furthermore, the serum lipid metabolism-related biochemical indices and mRNA expression levels were improved with the addition of tea powder. These results indicated that dietary tea powder might improve the carcass traits and meat quality of the Chinese native finishing pigs, but it does not affect their growth performance. Tea powder could be fully developed and reasonably applied as a dietary supplement.
Keywords	tea powder ; growth performance ; carcass traits ; meat quality ; native pig ; Veterinary medicine ; SF600-1100 ; Zoology ; QL1-991
Subject code	630
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-11-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Mitochondrial Iron Metabolism

Geyan Duan / Jianjun Li / Yehui Duan / Changbing Zheng / Qiuping Guo / Fengna Li / Jie Zheng / Jiayi Yu / Peiwen Zhang / Mengliao Wan / Cimin Long

Molecules, Vol 28, Iss 1, p

The Crucial Actors in Diseases

2022 Volume 29

Abstract: Iron is a trace element necessary for cell growth, development, and cellular homeostasis, but insufficient or excessive level of iron is toxic. Intracellularly, sufficient amounts of iron are required for mitochondria (the center of iron utilization) to ... ...

Abstract	Iron is a trace element necessary for cell growth, development, and cellular homeostasis, but insufficient or excessive level of iron is toxic. Intracellularly, sufficient amounts of iron are required for mitochondria (the center of iron utilization) to maintain their normal physiologic function. Iron deficiency impairs mitochondrial metabolism and respiratory activity, while mitochondrial iron overload promotes ROS production during mitochondrial electron transport, thus promoting potential disease development. This review provides an overview of iron homeostasis, mitochondrial iron metabolism, and how mitochondrial iron imbalances-induced mitochondrial dysfunction contribute to diseases.
Keywords	iron homeostasis ; mitochondrial dysfunction ; diseases ; Organic chemistry ; QD241-441
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Protective effects of taurine against muscle damage induced by diquat in 35 days weaned piglets

Chaoyue Wen / Fengna Li / Qiuping Guo / Lingyu Zhang / Yehui Duan / Wenlong Wang / Jianzhong Li / Shanping He / Wen Chen / Yulong Yin

Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-

2020 Volume 14

Abstract: Abstract Background Oxidative stress is a key factor that influences piglets’ health. Taurine plays an imperative role in keeping the biological system from damage. This study was conducted to investigate the protective effect of taurine against muscle ... ...

Abstract	Abstract Background Oxidative stress is a key factor that influences piglets’ health. Taurine plays an imperative role in keeping the biological system from damage. This study was conducted to investigate the protective effect of taurine against muscle injury due to the secondary effect of diquat toxicity. Results Our study found that taurine effectively and dose-dependently alleviated the diquat toxicity induced rise of feed/gain, with a concurrent improvement of carcass lean percentage. The plasma content of taurine was considerably increased in a dose-dependent manner. Consequently, dietary taurine efficiently improved the activity of plasma antioxidant enzymes. Furthermore, taurine attenuated muscle damage by restoring mitochondrial micromorphology, suppressing protein degradation and reducing the percentage of apoptotic cells in the skeletal muscle. Taurine supplementation also suppressed the genes expression levels of the antioxidant-, mitochondrial biogenesis-, and muscle atrophy-related genes in the skeletal muscle of piglets with oxidative stress. Conclusions These results showed that the dose of 0.60% taurine supplementation in the diet could attenuate skeletal muscle injury induced by diquat toxicity. It is suggested that taurine could be a potential nutritional intervention strategy to improve growth performance.
Keywords	Mitochondrial morphology ; Oxidative stress ; Piglets ; Skeletal muscle ; Taurine ; Animal culture ; SF1-1100 ; Veterinary medicine ; SF600-1100
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	BMC
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Dietary proline supplementation alters colonic luminal microbiota and bacterial metabolite composition between days 45 and 70 of pregnancy in Huanjiang mini-pigs

Ji, Yujiao / Francois Blachier / Qiuping Guo / Xiangfeng Kong / Yulong Yin

Journal of animal science and biotechnology. 2018 Dec., v. 9, no. 1

2018

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Pregnancy is associated with important changes in gut microbiota composition. Dietary factors may affect the diversity, composition, and metabolic activity of the intestinal microbiota. Among amino acids, proline is known to play important ... ...

Abstract	BACKGROUND: Pregnancy is associated with important changes in gut microbiota composition. Dietary factors may affect the diversity, composition, and metabolic activity of the intestinal microbiota. Among amino acids, proline is known to play important roles in protein metabolism and structure, cell differentiation, conceptus growth and development, and gut microbiota re-equilibration in case of dysbiosis. RESULTS: Dietary supplementation with 1% proline decreased (P < 0.05) the amounts of Klebsiella pneumoniae, Peptostreptococcus productus, Pseudomonas, and Veillonella spp. in distal colonic contents than that in the control group. The colonic contents of Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens, Bifidobacterium sp., Clostridium coccoides, Clostridium coccoides-Eubacterium rectale, Clostridium leptum subgroup, Escherichia coli, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Fusobacterium prausnitzii, and Prevotella increased (P < 0.05) on d 70 of pregnancy as compared with those on d 45 of pregnancy. The colonic concentrations of acetate, total straight-chain fatty acid, and total short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) in the proline-supplemented group were lower (P < 0.05), and butyrate level (P = 0.06) decreased as compared with the control group. Almost all of the SCFA displayed higher (P < 0.05) concentrations in proximal colonic contents on d 70 of pregnancy than those on d 45 of pregnancy. The concentrations of 1,7-heptyl diamine (P = 0.09) and phenylethylamine (P < 0.05) in proximal colonic contents were higher, while those of spermidine (P = 0.05) and total bioamine (P = 0.06) tended to be lower in the proline-supplemented group than those in the control group. The concentrations of spermidine, spermine, and total bioamine in colonic contents were higher (P < 0.05) on d 70 of pregnancy than those measured on d 45 of pregnancy. In contrast, the concentration of phenylethylamine was lower (P < 0.05) on d 70 than on d 45 of pregnancy. CONCLUSION: These findings indicate that L-proline supplementation modifies both the colonic microbiota composition and the luminal concentrations of several bacterial metabolites. Furthermore, our data show that both the microbiota composition and the concentrations of bacterial metabolites are evolving in the course of pregnancy. These results are discussed in terms of possible implication in terms of luminal environment and consequences for gut physiology and health.
Keywords	acetates ; Bifidobacterium ; biochemical pathways ; butyrates ; Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens ; cell differentiation ; Clostridium coccoides ; Clostridium leptum ; conceptus ; dietary supplements ; digestive system ; dysbiosis ; Escherichia coli ; Fusobacterium ; growth and development ; intestinal microorganisms ; Klebsiella pneumoniae ; metabolites ; miniature swine ; pregnancy ; Prevotella ; proline ; protein metabolism ; Pseudomonas ; Ruminococcus productus ; short chain fatty acids ; spermidine ; spermine ; Veillonella
Language	English
Dates of publication	2018-12
Size	p. 18.
Publishing place	BioMed Central
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2630162-3
ISSN	2049-1891 ; 1674-9782
ISSN (online)	2049-1891
ISSN	1674-9782
DOI	10.1186/s40104-018-0233-5
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Branched-chain amino acid ratios modulate lipid metabolism in adipose tissues of growing pigs

Duan, Yehui / Fengna Li / Qiuping Guo / Wenlong Wang / Lingyu Zhang / Chaoyue Wen / Yulong Yin

Journal of functional foods. 2018 Jan., v. 40

2018

Abstract: The effects and roles of branched-chain amino acid (BCAAs) ratios in lipid metabolism in adipose tissues of pigs are still unkown. We used pigs (Large White × Landrace, 35 ± 2 d) to investigate the effects of varying BCAA ratios (Leu: Ile: Val = 1:1:1, 1: ...

Abstract	The effects and roles of branched-chain amino acid (BCAAs) ratios in lipid metabolism in adipose tissues of pigs are still unkown. We used pigs (Large White × Landrace, 35 ± 2 d) to investigate the effects of varying BCAA ratios (Leu: Ile: Val = 1:1:1, 1:0.75:0.75, 1:0.51:0.63, 1:0.25:0.25) on growth, carcass traits, and fat metabolism in adipose tissues. Results showed that as the ratio declined, the weight of total fat mass reduced while the adiponectin concentrations increased (P < .05), with the lowest/highest values observed in the 1:0.25:0.25 group, respectively. Moreover, varying BCAA ratios modulated the expression of genes related to adipose tissue function (P < .05). Concomitant with these changes, the 1:0.25:0.25 group increased/decreased the phosphorylation of AMPKα/mTOR, respectively (P < .05). The mRNA abundance of PGC-1α and IL-15 were also increased in diets with BCAA ratios from 1:0.75:0.75 to 1:0.25:0.25. Our data suggest that dietary BCAA ratios in the adequate range, i.e. 1:0.75:0.75–1:0.25:0.25, modulate adipose tissue function including fatty acid synthesis, transport, and oxidation, lipolysis, and adipokine secretion. These effects are partly mediated by AMPK-mTOR pathway and associated with mitochondrial biogenesis, the AMPK-PGC-1α axis, and IL-15 secreted by muscle tissues.
Keywords	Large White ; adiponectin ; adipose tissue ; amino acids ; biogenesis ; carcass characteristics ; diet ; fatty acids ; gene expression ; interleukin-15 ; landraces ; lipolysis ; messenger RNA ; mitochondria ; muscle tissues ; oxidation ; phosphorylation ; secretion ; swine
Language	English
Dates of publication	2018-01
Size	p. 614-624.
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2511964-3
ISSN	1756-4646
ISSN	1756-4646
DOI	10.1016/j.jff.2017.12.004
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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