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  1. Article ; Online: Formaldehyde and Glutaraldehyde Inactivation of Bacterial Tier 1 Select Agents in Tissues.

    Chua, Jennifer / Bozue, Joel A / Klimko, Christopher P / Shoe, Jennifer L / Ruiz, Sara I / Jensen, Christopher L / Tobery, Steven A / Crumpler, Jared M / Chabot, Donald J / Quirk, Avery V / Hunter, Melissa / Harbourt, David E / Friedlander, Arthur M / Cote, Christopher K

    Emerging infectious diseases

    2019  Volume 25, Issue 5, Page(s) 919–926

    Abstract: For safety, designated Select Agents in tissues must be inactivated and viability tested before the tissue undergoes further processing and analysis. In response to the shipping of samples of "inactivated" Bacillus anthracis that inadvertently contained ... ...

    Abstract For safety, designated Select Agents in tissues must be inactivated and viability tested before the tissue undergoes further processing and analysis. In response to the shipping of samples of "inactivated" Bacillus anthracis that inadvertently contained live spores to nonregulated entities and partners worldwide, the Federal Register now mandates in-house validation of inactivation procedures and standardization of viability testing to detect live organisms in samples containing Select Agents that have undergone an inactivation process. We tested and validated formaldehyde and glutaraldehyde inactivation procedures for animal tissues infected with virulent B. anthracis, Burkholderia pseudomallei, Francisella tularensis, and Yersinia pestis. We confirmed that our fixation procedures for tissues containing these Tier 1 Select Agents resulted in complete inactivation and that our validated viability testing methods do not interfere with detection of live organisms. Institutions may use this work as a guide to develop and conduct their own testing to comply with the policy.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Bacteria/drug effects ; Disinfectants/pharmacology ; Formaldehyde/pharmacology ; Glutaral/pharmacology ; Guinea Pigs ; Microbial Viability/drug effects ; Organ Specificity ; Spores, Bacterial/drug effects ; Time Factors
    Chemical Substances Disinfectants ; Formaldehyde (1HG84L3525) ; Glutaral (T3C89M417N)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-05-17
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 1380686-5
    ISSN 1080-6059 ; 1080-6040
    ISSN (online) 1080-6059
    ISSN 1080-6040
    DOI 10.3201/eid2505.180928
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 4778: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
    bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG)
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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  2. Article ; Online: Characterization of pathogenesis of and immune response to Burkholderia pseudomallei K96243 using both inhalational and intraperitoneal infection models in BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice.

    Bearss, Jeremy J / Hunter, Melissa / Dankmeyer, Jennifer L / Fritts, Kristen A / Klimko, Christopher P / Weaver, Chris H / Shoe, Jennifer L / Quirk, Avery V / Toothman, Ronald G / Webster, Wendy M / Fetterer, David P / Bozue, Joel A / Worsham, Patricia L / Welkos, Susan L / Amemiya, Kei / Cote, Christopher K

    PloS one

    2017  Volume 12, Issue 2, Page(s) e0172627

    Abstract: Burkholderia pseudomallei, the etiologic agent of melioidosis, is a Gram negative bacterium designated as a Tier 1 threat. This bacterium is known to be endemic in Southeast Asia and Northern Australia and can infect humans and animals by several routes. ...

    Abstract Burkholderia pseudomallei, the etiologic agent of melioidosis, is a Gram negative bacterium designated as a Tier 1 threat. This bacterium is known to be endemic in Southeast Asia and Northern Australia and can infect humans and animals by several routes. Inhalational melioidosis has been associated with monsoonal rains in endemic areas and is also a significant concern in the biodefense community. There are currently no effective vaccines for B. pseudomallei and antibiotic treatment can be hampered by non-specific symptomology and also the high rate of naturally occurring antibiotic resistant strains. Well-characterized animal models will be essential when selecting novel medical countermeasures for evaluation prior to human clinical trials. Here, we further characterize differences between the responses of BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice when challenged with low doses of a low-passage and well-defined stock of B. pseudomallei K96243 via either intraperitoneal or aerosol routes of exposure. Before challenge, mice were implanted with a transponder to collect body temperature readings, and daily body weights were also recorded. Mice were euthanized on select days for pathological analyses and determination of the bacterial burden in selected tissues (blood, lungs, liver, and spleen). Additionally, spleen homogenate and sera samples were analyzed to better characterize the host immune response after infection with aerosolized bacteria. These clinical, pathological, and immunological data highlighted and confirmed important similarities and differences between these murine models and exposure routes.
    MeSH term(s) Administration, Inhalation ; Animals ; Bacterial Load ; Body Temperature ; Body Weight ; Burkholderia pseudomallei/growth & development ; Burkholderia pseudomallei/immunology ; Burkholderia pseudomallei/pathogenicity ; Colony Count, Microbial ; Cytokines/biosynthesis ; Cytokines/immunology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Granulocytes/immunology ; Granulocytes/microbiology ; Humans ; Immunity, Innate ; Injections, Intraperitoneal ; Liver/immunology ; Liver/microbiology ; Lung/immunology ; Lung/microbiology ; Lymphocyte Subsets/classification ; Lymphocyte Subsets/immunology ; Lymphocyte Subsets/microbiology ; Melioidosis/immunology ; Melioidosis/microbiology ; Melioidosis/pathology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Monocytes/immunology ; Monocytes/microbiology ; Species Specificity ; Spleen/immunology ; Spleen/microbiology
    Chemical Substances Cytokines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-02-24
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2267670-3
    ISSN 1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    ISSN 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0172627
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Avirulent Bacillus anthracis Strain with Molecular Assay Targets as Surrogate for Irradiation-Inactivated Virulent Spores.

    Plaut, Roger D / Staab, Andrea B / Munson, Mark A / Gebhardt, Joan S / Klimko, Christopher P / Quirk, Avery V / Cote, Christopher K / Buhr, Tony L / Rossmaier, Rebecca D / Bernhards, Robert C / Love, Courtney E / Berk, Kimberly L / Abshire, Teresa G / Rozak, David A / Beck, Linda C / Stibitz, Scott / Goodwin, Bruce G / Smith, Michael A / Sozhamannan, Shanmuga

    Emerging infectious diseases

    2018  Volume 24, Issue 4

    Abstract: The revelation in May 2015 of the shipment of γ irradiation-inactivated wild-type Bacillus anthracis spore preparations containing a small number of live spores raised concern about the safety and security of these materials. The finding also raised ... ...

    Abstract The revelation in May 2015 of the shipment of γ irradiation-inactivated wild-type Bacillus anthracis spore preparations containing a small number of live spores raised concern about the safety and security of these materials. The finding also raised doubts about the validity of the protocols and procedures used to prepare them. Such inactivated reference materials were used as positive controls in assays to detect suspected B. anthracis in samples because live agent cannot be shipped for use in field settings, in improvement of currently deployed detection methods or development of new methods, or for quality assurance and training activities. Hence, risk-mitigated B. anthracis strains are needed to fulfill these requirements. We constructed a genetically inactivated or attenuated strain containing relevant molecular assay targets and tested to compare assay performance using this strain to the historical data obtained using irradiation-inactivated virulent spores.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Anthrax/microbiology ; Bacillus anthracis/physiology ; Bacillus anthracis/radiation effects ; Bacillus anthracis/virology ; Bacterial Toxins/genetics ; Female ; Gene Knockdown Techniques ; Humans ; Mice ; Mutagenesis, Insertional ; Plasmids/genetics ; Radiation ; Recombination, Genetic ; Reproducibility of Results ; Spores, Bacterial/radiation effects ; Virulence ; Whole Genome Sequencing
    Chemical Substances Bacterial Toxins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-04-03
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 1380686-5
    ISSN 1080-6059 ; 1080-6040
    ISSN (online) 1080-6059
    ISSN 1080-6040
    DOI 10.3201/eid2404.171646
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 4778: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
    bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG)
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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  4. Article ; Online: Disease progression in mice exposed to low-doses of aerosolized clinical isolates of Burkholderia pseudomallei.

    Trevino, Sylvia R / Klimko, Christopher P / Reed, Matthew C / Aponte-Cuadrado, Michael J / Hunter, Melissa / Shoe, Jennifer L / Meyer, Joshua R / Dankmeyer, Jennifer L / Biryukov, Sergei S / Quirk, Avery V / Fritts, Kristen A / Kern, Steven J / Fetterer, David P / Kohler, Lara J / Toothman, Ronald G / Bozue, Joel A / Schellhase, Christopher W / Kreiselmeier, Norman / Daye, Sharon P /
    Welkos, Susan L / Soffler, Carl / Worsham, Patricia L / Waag, David M / Amemiya, Kei / Cote, Christopher K

    PloS one

    2018  Volume 13, Issue 11, Page(s) e0208277

    Abstract: Mouse models have been essential to generate supporting data for the research of infectious diseases. Burkholderia pseudomallei, the etiological agent of melioidosis, has been studied using mouse models to investigate pathogenesis and efficacy of novel ... ...

    Abstract Mouse models have been essential to generate supporting data for the research of infectious diseases. Burkholderia pseudomallei, the etiological agent of melioidosis, has been studied using mouse models to investigate pathogenesis and efficacy of novel medical countermeasures to include both vaccines and therapeutics. Previous characterization of mouse models of melioidosis have demonstrated that BALB/c mice present with an acute infection, whereas C57BL/6 mice have shown a tendency to be more resistant to infection and may model chronic disease. In this study, either BALB/c or C57BL/6 mice were exposed to aerosolized human clinical isolates of B. pseudomallei. The bacterial strains included HBPUB10134a (virulent isolate from Thailand), MSHR5855 (virulent isolate from Australia), and 1106a (relatively attenuated isolate from Thailand). The LD50 values were calculated and serial sample collections were performed in order to examine the bacterial burdens in tissues, histopathological features of disease, and the immune response mounted by the mice after exposure to aerosolized B. pseudomallei. These data will be important when utilizing these models for testing novel medical countermeasures. Additionally, by comparing highly virulent strains with attenuated isolates, we hope to better understand the complex disease pathogenesis associated with this bacterium.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Antibody Formation ; Australia/epidemiology ; Bronchi/immunology ; Bronchi/microbiology ; Bronchi/pathology ; Burkholderia pseudomallei/pathogenicity ; Burkholderia pseudomallei/physiology ; Cytokines/blood ; Cytokines/immunology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Disease Progression ; Female ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G/blood ; Immunoglobulin G/immunology ; Melioidosis/blood ; Melioidosis/epidemiology ; Melioidosis/immunology ; Melioidosis/pathology ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Thailand/epidemiology ; Virulence
    Chemical Substances Cytokines ; Immunoglobulin G
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-11-30
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ISSN 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0208277
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: A Standard Method To Inactivate Bacillus anthracis Spores to Sterility via Gamma Irradiation.

    Cote, Christopher K / Buhr, Tony / Bernhards, Casey B / Bohmke, Matthew D / Calm, Alena M / Esteban-Trexler, Josephine S / Hunter, Melissa / Katoski, Sarah E / Kennihan, Neil / Klimko, Christopher P / Miller, Jeremy A / Minter, Zachary A / Pfarr, Jerry W / Prugh, Amber M / Quirk, Avery V / Rivers, Bryan A / Shea, April A / Shoe, Jennifer L / Sickler, Todd M /
    Young, Alice A / Fetterer, David P / Welkos, Susan L / Bozue, Joel A / McPherson, Derrell / Fountain, Augustus W / Gibbons, Henry S

    Applied and environmental microbiology

    2018  Volume 84, Issue 12

    Abstract: In 2015, a laboratory of the United States Department of Defense (DoD) inadvertently shipped preparations of gamma-irradiated spores ... ...

    Abstract In 2015, a laboratory of the United States Department of Defense (DoD) inadvertently shipped preparations of gamma-irradiated spores of
    MeSH term(s) Bacillus anthracis/physiology ; Bacillus anthracis/radiation effects ; Gamma Rays ; Microbial Viability/radiation effects ; Microbiological Techniques/methods ; Retrospective Studies ; Spores, Bacterial/physiology ; Spores, Bacterial/radiation effects ; Sterilization/methods
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-05-31
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 223011-2
    ISSN 1098-5336 ; 0099-2240
    ISSN (online) 1098-5336
    ISSN 0099-2240
    DOI 10.1128/AEM.00106-18
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.B 201: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
    bis Jg. 2021: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
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