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  1. Article ; Online: Coronaviruses in children: A review of potential mechanisms of childhood protection.

    Rabi, Firas A / Al Zoubi, Mazhar S / Al-Iede, Montaha Mohammed / Kasasbeh, Ghena / Badran, Eman Farouk

    Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)

    2021  Volume 110, Issue 3, Page(s) 765–772

    Abstract: Aim: The 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has spread worldwide and the number of cases continues to rise exponentially. Epidemiologic reports indicate that severity of illness increases with age. However, the reasons behind the relative protection of ...

    Abstract Aim: The 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has spread worldwide and the number of cases continues to rise exponentially. Epidemiologic reports indicate that severity of illness increases with age. However, the reasons behind the relative protection of children and infants are unclear. Whether the rationale is host-related or virus dependent is important to determine since the latter could change with viral mutations. We review factors that could affect the susceptibility of children to the novel coronavirus.
    Methods: We search publications indexed on PUBMED.
    Results: Descriptions of the pathophysiology of current and previous coronavirus infections suggest several viral targets and immunomodulatory pathways affecting the severity of illness. There is limited evidence to suggest age-variability of viral cell receptors and transmembrane co-factors required for coronavirus entry and replication. However, the ensuing cytokine storm and the effect of higher melatonin in children are age-dependent and could explain decreased disease variability in children.
    Conclusion: We believe that current evidence suggests host factors can play a role in disease severity in children and thus may remain protective despite potential virus mutation in the future. However, we recognise and discuss avenues of future research that can further illuminate the reasons children are protected from severe COVID-19 illness.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Age Factors ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; COVID-19/transmission ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; SARS-CoV-2/pathogenicity
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-02-04
    Publishing country Norway
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 203487-6
    ISSN 1651-2227 ; 0365-1436 ; 0803-5253
    ISSN (online) 1651-2227
    ISSN 0365-1436 ; 0803-5253
    DOI 10.1111/apa.15691
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: SARS-CoV-2 and Coronavirus Disease 2019: What We Know So Far.

    Rabi, Firas A / Al Zoubi, Mazhar S / Kasasbeh, Ghena A / Salameh, Dunia M / Al-Nasser, Amjad D

    Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)

    2020  Volume 9, Issue 3

    Abstract: In December 2019, a cluster of fatal pneumonia cases presented in Wuhan, China. They were caused by a previously unknown coronavirus. All patients had been associated with the Wuhan Wholefood market, where seafood and live animals are sold. The virus ... ...

    Abstract In December 2019, a cluster of fatal pneumonia cases presented in Wuhan, China. They were caused by a previously unknown coronavirus. All patients had been associated with the Wuhan Wholefood market, where seafood and live animals are sold. The virus spread rapidly and public health authorities in China initiated a containment effort. However, by that time, travelers had carried the virus to many countries, sparking memories of the previous coronavirus epidemics, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), and causing widespread media attention and panic. Based on clinical criteria and available serological and molecular information, the new disease was called coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19), and the novel coronavirus was called SARS Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), emphasizing its close relationship to the 2002 SARS virus (SARS-CoV). The scientific community raced to uncover the origin of the virus, understand the pathogenesis of the disease, develop treatment options, define the risk factors, and work on vaccine development. Here we present a summary of current knowledge regarding the novel coronavirus and the disease it causes.
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-03-20
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2695572-6
    ISSN 2076-0817
    ISSN 2076-0817
    DOI 10.3390/pathogens9030231
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: SARS-CoV-2 and Coronavirus Disease 2019

    Rabi, Firas A. / Al Zoubi, Mazhar / Kasasbeh, Ghena A. / Salameh, Dunia M. / Al Nasser, Amjad

    Pathogens, 9(3):231

    What We Know So Far

    2020  

    Abstract: In December 2019, a cluster of fatal pneumonia cases presented in Wuhan, China. They were caused by a previously unknown coronavirus. All patients had been associated with the Wuhan Wholefood market, where seafood and live animals are sold. The virus ... ...

    Abstract In December 2019, a cluster of fatal pneumonia cases presented in Wuhan, China. They were caused by a previously unknown coronavirus. All patients had been associated with the Wuhan Wholefood market, where seafood and live animals are sold. The virus spread rapidly and public health authorities in China initiated a containment effort. However, by that time, travelers had carried the virus to many countries, sparking memories of the previous coronavirus epidemics, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), and causing widespread media attention and panic. Based on clinical criteria and available serological and molecular information, the new disease was called coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19), and the novel coronavirus was called SARS Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), emphasizing its close relationship to the 2002 SARS virus (SARS-CoV). The scientific community raced to uncover the origin of the virus, understand the pathogenesis of the disease, develop treatment options, define the risk factors, and work on vaccine development. Here we present a summary of current knowledge regarding the novel coronavirus and the disease it causes.
    Keywords pandemic ; COVID-19 ; Wuhan ; SARS ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Coronavirus ; covid19
    Language English
    Publishing country de
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

    Full text online

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  4. Article: SARS-CoV-2 and Coronavirus Disease 2019: What We Know So Far

    Rabi, Firas A / Al Zoubi, Mazhar S / Kasasbeh, Ghena A / Salameh, Dunia M / Al-Nasser, Amjad D

    Abstract: In December 2019, a cluster of fatal pneumonia cases presented in Wuhan, China. They were caused by a previously unknown coronavirus. All patients had been associated with the Wuhan Wholefood market, where seafood and live animals are sold. The virus ... ...

    Abstract In December 2019, a cluster of fatal pneumonia cases presented in Wuhan, China. They were caused by a previously unknown coronavirus. All patients had been associated with the Wuhan Wholefood market, where seafood and live animals are sold. The virus spread rapidly and public health authorities in China initiated a containment effort. However, by that time, travelers had carried the virus to many countries, sparking memories of the previous coronavirus epidemics, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), and causing widespread media attention and panic. Based on clinical criteria and available serological and molecular information, the new disease was called coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19), and the novel coronavirus was called SARS Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), emphasizing its close relationship to the 2002 SARS virus (SARS-CoV). The scientific community raced to uncover the origin of the virus, understand the pathogenesis of the disease, develop treatment options, define the risk factors, and work on vaccine development. Here we present a summary of current knowledge regarding the novel coronavirus and the disease it causes.
    Keywords covid19
    Publisher WHO
    Document type Article
    Note WHO #Covidence: #11260
    Database COVID19

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  5. Article: Dietary Crocin is Protective in Pancreatic Cancer while Reducing Radiation-Induced Hepatic Oxidative Damage

    Bakshi, Hamid A / Zoubi, Mazhar S Al / Faruck, Hakkim L / Aljabali, Alaa A A / Rabi, Firas A / Hafiz, Amin A / Al-Batanyeh, Khalid M / Al-Trad, Bahaa / Ansari, Prawej / Nasef, Mohamed M / Charbe, Nitin B / Satija, Saurabh / Mehta, Meenu / Mishra, Vijay / Gupta, Gaurav / Abobaker, Salem / Negi, Poonam / Azzouz, Ibrahim M / Dardouri, Ashref Ali K /
    Dureja, Harish / Prasher, Parteek / Chellappan, Dinesh K / Dua, Kamal / Webba da Silva, Mateus / Tanani, Mohamed El / McCarron, Paul A / Tambuwala, Murtaza M

    Nutrients. 2020 June 26, v. 12, no. 6

    2020  

    Abstract: Pancreatic cancer is one of the fatal causes of global cancer-related deaths. Although surgery and chemotherapy are standard treatment options, post-treatment outcomes often end in a poor prognosis. In the present study, we investigated anti-pancreatic ... ...

    Abstract Pancreatic cancer is one of the fatal causes of global cancer-related deaths. Although surgery and chemotherapy are standard treatment options, post-treatment outcomes often end in a poor prognosis. In the present study, we investigated anti-pancreatic cancer and amelioration of radiation-induced oxidative damage by crocin. Crocin is a carotenoid isolated from the dietary herb saffron, a prospect for novel leads as an anti-cancer agent. Crocin significantly reduced cell viability of BXPC3 and Capan-2 by triggering caspase signaling via the downregulation of Bcl-2. It modulated the expression of cell cycle signaling proteins P53, P21, P27, CDK2, c-MYC, Cyt-c and P38. Concomitantly, crocin treatment-induced apoptosis by inducing the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria to cytosol. Microarray analysis of the expression signature of genes induced by crocin showed a substantial number of genes involved in cell signaling pathways and checkpoints (723) are significantly affected by crocin. In mice bearing pancreatic tumors, crocin significantly reduced tumor burden without a change in body weight. Additionally, it showed significant protection against radiation-induced hepatic oxidative damage, reduced the levels of hepatic toxicity and preserved liver morphology. These findings indicate that crocin has a potential role in the treatment, prevention and management of pancreatic cancer.
    Keywords administrative management ; antineoplastic agents ; apoptosis ; body weight ; carotenoids ; caspases ; cell cycle ; cell viability ; cyclin-dependent kinase ; cytosol ; drug therapy ; liver ; microarray technology ; mitochondria ; pancreatic neoplasms ; prognosis ; saffron ; surgery ; toxicity
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2020-0626
    Publishing place Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Document type Article
    Note NAL-light
    ZDB-ID 2518386-2
    ISSN 2072-6643
    ISSN 2072-6643
    DOI 10.3390/nu12061901
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  6. Article ; Online: Dietary Crocin is Protective in Pancreatic Cancer while Reducing Radiation-Induced Hepatic Oxidative Damage.

    Bakshi, Hamid A / Zoubi, Mazhar S Al / Hakkim, Faruck L / Aljabali, Alaa A A / Rabi, Firas A / Hafiz, Amin A / Al-Batanyeh, Khalid M / Al-Trad, Bahaa / Ansari, Prawej / Nasef, Mohamed M / Charbe, Nitin B / Satija, Saurabh / Mehta, Meenu / Mishra, Vijay / Gupta, Gaurav / Abobaker, Salem / Negi, Poonam / Azzouz, Ibrahim M / Dardouri, Ashref Ali K /
    Dureja, Harish / Prasher, Parteek / Chellappan, Dinesh K / Dua, Kamal / Webba da Silva, Mateus / El Tanani, Mohamed / McCarron, Paul A / Tambuwala, Murtaza M

    Nutrients

    2020  Volume 12, Issue 6

    Abstract: Pancreatic cancer is one of the fatal causes of global cancer-related deaths. Although surgery and chemotherapy are standard treatment options, post-treatment outcomes often end in a poor prognosis. In the present study, we investigated anti-pancreatic ... ...

    Abstract Pancreatic cancer is one of the fatal causes of global cancer-related deaths. Although surgery and chemotherapy are standard treatment options, post-treatment outcomes often end in a poor prognosis. In the present study, we investigated anti-pancreatic cancer and amelioration of radiation-induced oxidative damage by crocin. Crocin is a carotenoid isolated from the dietary herb saffron, a prospect for novel leads as an anti-cancer agent. Crocin significantly reduced cell viability of BXPC3 and Capan-2 by triggering caspase signaling via the downregulation of Bcl-2. It modulated the expression of cell cycle signaling proteins P53, P21, P27, CDK2, c-MYC, Cyt-c and P38. Concomitantly, crocin treatment-induced apoptosis by inducing the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria to cytosol. Microarray analysis of the expression signature of genes induced by crocin showed a substantial number of genes involved in cell signaling pathways and checkpoints (723) are significantly affected by crocin. In mice bearing pancreatic tumors, crocin significantly reduced tumor burden without a change in body weight. Additionally, it showed significant protection against radiation-induced hepatic oxidative damage, reduced the levels of hepatic toxicity and preserved liver morphology. These findings indicate that crocin has a potential role in the treatment, prevention and management of pancreatic cancer.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; Apoptosis/drug effects ; Carotenoids/therapeutic use ; Cell Cycle Proteins/metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Survival/drug effects ; Crocus/chemistry ; Cytochromes c/metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Lipid Peroxidation/drug effects ; Liver Diseases/etiology ; Liver Diseases/prevention & control ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Pancreatic Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Pancreatic Neoplasms/genetics ; Pancreatic Neoplasms/radiotherapy ; Radiation Injuries/prevention & control ; Signal Transduction/drug effects ; Signal Transduction/genetics ; Transcriptome ; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
    Chemical Substances Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; Cell Cycle Proteins ; Carotenoids (36-88-4) ; crocin (877GWI46C2) ; Cytochromes c (9007-43-6)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-06-26
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2518386-2
    ISSN 2072-6643 ; 2072-6643
    ISSN (online) 2072-6643
    ISSN 2072-6643
    DOI 10.3390/nu12061901
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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