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Article ; Online: Pollinator nutrition and its role in merging the dual objectives of pollinator health and optimal crop production.

Jones, Jeremy / Rader, Romina

Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences

2022 Volume 377, Issue 1853, Page(s) 20210170

Abstract: Bee and non-bee insect pollinators play an integral role in the quantity and quality of production for many food crops, yet there is growing evidence that nutritional challenges to pollinators in agricultural landscapes are an important factor in the ... ...

Abstract	Bee and non-bee insect pollinators play an integral role in the quantity and quality of production for many food crops, yet there is growing evidence that nutritional challenges to pollinators in agricultural landscapes are an important factor in the reduction of pollinator populations worldwide. Schemes to enhance crop pollinator health have historically focused on floral resource plantings aimed at increasing pollinator abundance and diversity by providing more foraging opportunities for bees. These efforts have demonstrated that improvements in bee diversity and abundance are achievable; however, goals of increasing crop pollination outcomes via these interventions are not consistently met. To support pollinator health and crop pollination outcomes in tandem, habitat enhancements must be tailored to meet the life-history needs of specific crop pollinators, including non-bees. This will require greater understanding of the nutritional demands of these taxa together with the supply of floral and non-floral food resources and how these interact in cropping environments. Understanding the mechanisms underlying crop pollination and pollinator health in unison across a range of taxa is clearly a win-win for industry and conservation, yet achievement of these goals will require new knowledge and novel, targeted methods. This article is part of the theme issue 'Natural processes influencing pollinator health: from chemistry to landscapes'.
MeSH term(s)	Agriculture ; Animals ; Bees ; Crop Production ; Crops, Agricultural ; Ecosystem ; Pollination
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-02
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	208382-6
ISSN	1471-2970 ; 0080-4622 ; 0264-3839 ; 0962-8436
ISSN (online)	1471-2970
ISSN	0080-4622 ; 0264-3839 ; 0962-8436
DOI	10.1098/rstb.2021.0170
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Crop-pollinating Diptera have diverse diets and habitat needs in both larval and adult stages.

Davis, Abby E / Bickel, Daniel J / Saunders, Manu E / Rader, Romina

Ecological applications : a publication of the Ecological Society of America

2023 Volume 33, Issue 5, Page(s) e2859

Abstract: Insects are important pollinators of global food crops and wild plants. The adult and larval diet and habitat needs are well known for many bee taxa, but poorly understood for other pollinating taxa. Non-bee pollinators often feed on different substrates ...

Abstract	Insects are important pollinators of global food crops and wild plants. The adult and larval diet and habitat needs are well known for many bee taxa, but poorly understood for other pollinating taxa. Non-bee pollinators often feed on different substrates in their larval and adult life stages, and this diet and habitat diversity has important implications for their conservation and management. We reviewed the global literature on crop pollinating Diptera (the true flies) to identify both larval and adult fly diet and habitat needs. We then assembled the published larval and adult diets and habitat needs of beneficial fly pollinators found globally into a freely accessible database. Of the 405 fly species known to visit global food crops, we found relevant published evidence regarding larval and adult diet and habitat information for 254 species, which inhabited all eight global biogeographic regions. We found the larvae of these species lived in 35 different natural habitats and belong to 10 different feeding guilds. Additionally, differences between adult Diptera sexes also impacted diet needs; females from 14 species across five families fed on protein sources other than pollen to start the reproductive process of oogenesis (egg development) while males of the same species fed exclusively on pollen and nectar. While all adult species fed at least partially on floral nectar and/or pollen, only five species were recorded feeding on pollen and no fly larvae fed on nectar. Of the 242 species of larvae with established diet information, 33% were predators (n = 79) and 30% were detritivores (n = 73). Detritivores were the most generalist taxa and utilized 17 different habitats and 12 different feeding substrates. Of all fly taxa, only 2% belonged to the same feeding guild in both active life stages. Our results show that many floral management schemes may be insufficient to support pollinating Diptera. Pollinator conservation strategies in agroecosystems should consider other non-floral resources, such as wet organic materials and dung, as habitats for beneficial fly larvae.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Bees ; Plant Nectar ; Larva ; Pollination ; Ecosystem ; Diptera ; Crops, Agricultural ; Diet ; Flowers
Chemical Substances	Plant Nectar
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-24
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Review ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1074505-1
ISSN	1939-5582 ; 1051-0761
ISSN (online)	1939-5582
ISSN	1051-0761
DOI	10.1002/eap.2859
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Correction to 'Network modularity influences plant reproduction in a mosaic tropical agroecosystem'.

Saunders, Manu E / Rader, Romina

Proceedings. Biological sciences

2020 Volume 287, Issue 1931, Page(s) 20201591

Language	English
Publishing date	2020-07-22
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Published Erratum
ZDB-ID	209242-6
ISSN	1471-2954 ; 0080-4649 ; 0962-8452 ; 0950-1193
ISSN (online)	1471-2954
ISSN	0080-4649 ; 0962-8452 ; 0950-1193
DOI	10.1098/rspb.2020.1591
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Article ; Online: Provisioning Australian Seed Carrot Agroecosystems with Non-Floral Habitat Provides Oviposition Sites for Crop-Pollinating Diptera

Davis, Abby E. / Schmidt, Lena Alice / Harrington, Samantha / Spurr, Cameron / Rader, Romina

Insects. 2023 May 04, v. 14, no. 5

2023

Abstract: The addition of floral resources is a common intervention to support the adult life stages of key crop pollinators. Fly (Diptera) crop pollinators, however, typically do not require floral resources in their immature life stages and are likely not ... ...

Abstract	The addition of floral resources is a common intervention to support the adult life stages of key crop pollinators. Fly (Diptera) crop pollinators, however, typically do not require floral resources in their immature life stages and are likely not supported by this management intervention. Here, we deployed portable pools filled with habitat (decaying plant materials, soil, water) in seed carrot agroecosystems with the intention of providing reproduction sites for beneficial syrphid (tribe Eristalini) fly pollinators. Within 12 to 21 days after the pools were deployed, we found that the habitat pools supported the oviposition and larval development of two species of eristaline syrphid flies, Eristalis tenax (Linnaeus, 1758) and Eristalinus punctulatus (Macquart, 1847). Each habitat pool contained an average (±S.E.) of 547 ± 117 eristaline fly eggs and 50 ± 17 eristaline fly larvae. Additionally, we found significantly more eggs were laid on decaying plant stems and carrot roots compared to other locations within the pool habitat (e.g., on decaying carrot umbels, leaves, etc.). These results suggest that deploying habitat pools in agroecosystems can be a successful management intervention that rapidly facilitates fly pollinator reproduction. This method can be used to support future studies to determine if the addition of habitat resources on intensively cultivated farms increases flower visitation and crop pollination success by flies.
Keywords	Eristalis tenax ; adults ; agroecosystems ; carrots ; flowers ; habitats ; larval development ; oviposition ; pollination ; pollinators ; soil
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-0504
Publishing place	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	2662247-6
ISSN	2075-4450
ISSN	2075-4450
DOI	10.3390/insects14050439
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Crop‐pollinating Diptera have diverse diets and habitat needs in both larval and adult stages

Davis, Abby E. / Bickel, Daniel J. / Saunders, Manu E. / Rader, Romina

Ecological Applications. 2023 July, v. 33, no. 5 p.e2859-

2023

Abstract: Insects are important pollinators of global food crops and wild plants. The adult and larval diet and habitat needs are well known for many bee taxa, but poorly understood for other pollinating taxa. Non‐bee pollinators often feed on different substrates ...

Abstract	Insects are important pollinators of global food crops and wild plants. The adult and larval diet and habitat needs are well known for many bee taxa, but poorly understood for other pollinating taxa. Non‐bee pollinators often feed on different substrates in their larval and adult life stages, and this diet and habitat diversity has important implications for their conservation and management. We reviewed the global literature on crop pollinating Diptera (the true flies) to identify both larval and adult fly diet and habitat needs. We then assembled the published larval and adult diets and habitat needs of beneficial fly pollinators found globally into a freely accessible database. Of the 405 fly species known to visit global food crops, we found relevant published evidence regarding larval and adult diet and habitat information for 254 species, which inhabited all eight global biogeographic regions. We found the larvae of these species lived in 35 different natural habitats and belong to 10 different feeding guilds. Additionally, differences between adult Diptera sexes also impacted diet needs; females from 14 species across five families fed on protein sources other than pollen to start the reproductive process of oogenesis (egg development) while males of the same species fed exclusively on pollen and nectar. While all adult species fed at least partially on floral nectar and/or pollen, only five species were recorded feeding on pollen and no fly larvae fed on nectar. Of the 242 species of larvae with established diet information, 33% were predators (n = 79) and 30% were detritivores (n = 73). Detritivores were the most generalist taxa and utilized 17 different habitats and 12 different feeding substrates. Of all fly taxa, only 2% belonged to the same feeding guild in both active life stages. Our results show that many floral management schemes may be insufficient to support pollinating Diptera. Pollinator conservation strategies in agroecosystems should consider other non‐floral resources, such as wet organic materials and dung, as habitats for beneficial fly larvae.
Keywords	Diptera ; adults ; agroecosystems ; bees ; databases ; detritivores ; diet ; eggs ; feces ; geographical distribution ; habitats ; larvae ; nectar ; nutrition information ; oogenesis ; pollen ; pollinators
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-07
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Document type	Article ; Online
Note	JOURNAL ARTICLE
ZDB-ID	1074505-1
ISSN	1939-5582 ; 1051-0761
ISSN (online)	1939-5582
ISSN	1051-0761
DOI	10.1002/eap.2859
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Provisioning Australian Seed Carrot Agroecosystems with Non-Floral Habitat Provides Oviposition Sites for Crop-Pollinating Diptera.

Davis, Abby E / Schmidt, Lena Alice / Harrington, Samantha / Spurr, Cameron / Rader, Romina

Insects

2023 Volume 14, Issue 5

Abstract	The addition of floral resources is a common intervention to support the adult life stages of key crop pollinators. Fly (Diptera) crop pollinators, however, typically do not require floral resources in their immature life stages and are likely not supported by this management intervention. Here, we deployed portable pools filled with habitat (decaying plant materials, soil, water) in seed carrot agroecosystems with the intention of providing reproduction sites for beneficial syrphid (tribe
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-04
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2662247-6
ISSN	2075-4450
ISSN	2075-4450
DOI	10.3390/insects14050439
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Article ; Online: Network modularity influences plant reproduction in a mosaic tropical agroecosystem.

Saunders, Manu E / Rader, Romina

Proceedings. Biological sciences

2019 Volume 286, Issue 1899, Page(s) 20190296

Abstract: Biodiversity influences ecosystem function, but there is limited understanding of the mechanisms that support this relationship across different land use types in mosaic agroecosystems. Network approaches can help to understand how community structure ... ...

Abstract	Biodiversity influences ecosystem function, but there is limited understanding of the mechanisms that support this relationship across different land use types in mosaic agroecosystems. Network approaches can help to understand how community structure influences ecosystem function across landscapes; however, in ecology, network analyses have largely focused on species-species interactions. Here, we use bipartite network analysis in a novel way: to link pollinator communities to sites in a tropical agricultural landscape. We used sentinel plants of Brassica rapa to examine how the structure of the community network influences plant reproduction. Diptera was the most common order of flower visitors at every site. Syrphidae visits were the strongest contributor to the number of fertilized pods, while visits by Syrphidae, Hymenoptera and Lepidoptera had the strongest effect on the number of seeds per pod. Sentinel pots at forest sites were visited by more unique species (i.e. species with higher d') than sites in other land uses, and dairy sites had more visitors that were common across the network. Participation coefficients, which indicate how connected a single node is across network modules, were strong predictors of ecosystem function: plant reproduction increased at sites with higher participation coefficients. Flower visitor taxa with higher participation coefficients also had the strongest effect on plant reproduction. Hymenoptera visits were the best predictor for participation coefficients but an Allograpta sp. (Diptera: Syrphidae) was the most influential flower visitor species in the landscape network. A diverse insect community contributed to plant reproduction and connection among nodes in this system. Identifying the 'keystone' flower visitor species and sites that have a strong influence on network structure is a significant step forward to inform conservation priorities and decision-making in diverse agroecosystems.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Brassica rapa/physiology ; Diptera/physiology ; Ecosystem ; Farms ; Forests ; Hymenoptera/physiology ; Lepidoptera/physiology ; Pollination ; Queensland
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-06-26
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	209242-6
ISSN	1471-2954 ; 0080-4649 ; 0962-8452 ; 0950-1193
ISSN (online)	1471-2954
ISSN	0080-4649 ; 0962-8452 ; 0950-1193
DOI	10.1098/rspb.2019.0296
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG)
ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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Article: Insectivorous bats provide significant economic value to the Australian cotton industry

Kolkert, Heidi / Smith, Rhiannon / Rader, Romina / Reid, Nick

Ecosystem services. 2021 June, v. 49

2021

Abstract: Insectivorous bats exert top-down pressure on pest insect populations in agricultural systems globally. However, few economic estimates exist of their value as pest control agents in many high value crops. We calculated the economic benefit of direct ... ...

Abstract	Insectivorous bats exert top-down pressure on pest insect populations in agricultural systems globally. However, few economic estimates exist of their value as pest control agents in many high value crops. We calculated the economic benefit of direct predation of insect pests by bats and the damage averted to cotton yield, a high value commodity crop in Australia. Using a combination of bat dietary studies, average daily energy requirements (estimated by field metabolic rate), prey energy content and acoustic data of bat feeding attempts in cotton crops, we show the direct value of insectivorous bats to the Australian cotton industry is likely between $99–126 ha⁻¹ in dryland Bt-cotton and $286–361 ha⁻¹ in irrigated Bt-cotton through the consumption of pest moth Helicoverpa armigera, amounting to $63.6 million annually. We estimate that a population of bats can remove between 77–119 t of moths from Australian cotton crops in an average year across the growing season. However, different bat species consume different insect pests, highlighting the need to conserve bat diversity in agroecosystems. These results provide further incentive for growers to manage non-crop bat roosting habitat to benefit from natural pest control in crops.
Keywords	Chiroptera ; Helicoverpa armigera ; acoustics ; agroecosystems ; arid lands ; cotton ; cotton industry ; economic valuation ; energy ; energy content ; financial economics ; habitats ; insect pests ; insectivores ; irrigation ; metabolism ; moths ; pest control ; predation ; Australia
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-06
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article
Note	NAL-AP-2-clean
ZDB-ID	2681542-4
ISSN	2212-0416
ISSN	2212-0416
DOI	10.1016/j.ecoser.2021.101280
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Observations of nectarivorous birds and potential biological control agents in berry orchards

Santos, Karen C. B. S. / Davis, Abby E. / Rocchetti, Maurizio / Hocking, Brad / Shermeister, Bar / Rader, Romina

Ecosphere. 2023 May, v. 14, no. 5 p.e4527-

2023

Abstract: We observed the brown honeyeater, Lichmera indistincta, visiting blueberry orchards in eastern Australia. L. indistincta is considered to be a nectarivorous bird, feeding almost entirely on nectar. However, we report observations of this species as both ... ...

Abstract	We observed the brown honeyeater, Lichmera indistincta, visiting blueberry orchards in eastern Australia. L. indistincta is considered to be a nectarivorous bird, feeding almost entirely on nectar. However, we report observations of this species as both a nectarivore and insectivore in blueberry crops and as an insectivore in raspberry crops. Brown honeyeaters may be acting as biological control agents when feeding on leaf‐roller caterpillars (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in blueberry orchards and on brown blowflies (Calliphora stygia) in raspberry orchards. Although most blueberry growing regions use managed honey bees as the main pollinator, more studies on the complex tritrophic interactions occurring in these crops are needed to better understand the costs and benefits of different farm management practices upon alternative pollinators.
Keywords	Calliphora ; Tortricidae ; biological control ; birds ; blueberries ; farm management ; honey ; insectivores ; leafrollers ; nectar ; nectar feeding ; pollinators ; raspberries ; Australia
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-05
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Document type	Article ; Online
Note	JOURNAL ARTICLE
ZDB-ID	2572257-8
ISSN	2150-8925
ISSN	2150-8925
DOI	10.1002/ecs2.4527
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Protective nets reduce pollen flow in blueberry orchards

Santos, Karen C.B.S. / Saunders, Manu E. / Samnegård, Ulrika / Rocchetti, Maurizio / Scalzo, Jessica / Rader, Romina

Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment. 2023, p.108544-

2023 , Page(s) 108544–

Abstract: Protective covers are commonly employed in agricultural systems to reduce the impacts of extreme weather events, pest species and to control the environmental conditions in which crop plants are grown. As protected cropping systems are expanding rapidly, ...

Abstract	Protective covers are commonly employed in agricultural systems to reduce the impacts of extreme weather events, pest species and to control the environmental conditions in which crop plants are grown. As protected cropping systems are expanding rapidly, there is an urgent need to better understand how variations in netting practices might impact pollination service delivery by wild and managed insects to pollinator dependent crops. We used southern highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L. interspecific hybrid) crops to investigate (i) how variations in protected cropping structures (fully netted, partially netted and unnetted blocks) influence the amount and composition of pollen deposited on crop stigmas; (ii) to what extent blueberry floral abundance and plant richness in remnant vegetation influence pollen composition on crop stigmas; and (iii) the difference between stigmatic pollen load composition in the middle and at the edge of crop blocks. We collected data from 15 field blocks of 6 different cultivars distributed on 10 farms. We collected blueberry stigmas to analyse the pollen load and measured blueberry floral abundance and richness of flowering plant taxa in remnant vegetation every two weeks. Our results indicate that blueberry pollen abundance on stigmas was reduced by up to 81% under full netting and 36% by partial netting. On blueberry stigmas, we identified a total of 31 morphospecies of non-blueberry pollen from 20 plant families. There was no relationship between blueberry stigmatic pollen loads and blueberry floral abundance. Moreover, the composition of non-blueberry pollen on stigmas differed between blueberry blocks under different netting categories. However, there was no relationship between plant taxa present in the surrounding remnant vegetation of each block and the pollen load on the stigmas of each block. Combining all netting treatments, stigmas located at the edge of the blocks received a greater amount of both conspecific (5% more) and heterospecific (40% more) pollen grains than those within the middle of blocks. Pollen flow in fields is reduced under netting structures as well as in the middle of blocks. Reduced blueberry pollen flow under nets may be detrimental to fruit yield and quality for some varieties of pollinator dependent crops, particularly those that are self-incompatible.
Keywords	Vaccinium corymbosum ; agriculture ; blueberries ; conspecificity ; cultivars ; environment ; fruit yield ; hybrids ; morphospecies ; pests ; pollen ; pollen flow ; pollen loads ; pollinators ; vegetation ; weather ; Crop pollination ; floral visitation ; netting ; pollen deposition ; pollinator ; protective covers ; Vaccinium spp
Language	English
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article ; Online
Note	Pre-press version
ZDB-ID	602345-9
ISSN	1873-2305 ; 0167-8809
ISSN (online)	1873-2305
ISSN	0167-8809
DOI	10.1016/j.agee.2023.108544
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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