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  1. Article ; Online: The Economic Impact of Originator-to-Biosimilar Non-medical Switching in the Real-World Setting: A Systematic Literature Review.

    Hillhouse, Erin / Mathurin, Karine / Bibeau, Joëlle / Parison, Diana / Rahal, Yasmine / Lachaine, Jean / Beauchemin, Catherine

    Advances in therapy

    2021  Volume 39, Issue 1, Page(s) 455–487

    Abstract: Introduction: To save costs to the healthcare system, forced non-medical switch (NMS) policies that cut drug coverage for originator biologics and fund only less expensive biosimilars are being implemented. However, costs related to the impact of NMS on ...

    Abstract Introduction: To save costs to the healthcare system, forced non-medical switch (NMS) policies that cut drug coverage for originator biologics and fund only less expensive biosimilars are being implemented. However, costs related to the impact of NMS on healthcare resource utilization (HCRU) must also be considered. This study aims to summarize the evidence on the economic impact of an originator-to-biosimilar NMS.
    Methods: A systematic literature review (SLR) was conducted. Publications reporting on HCRU or costs associated with originator-to-biosimilar NMS in the real-world setting were searched in MEDLINE and EMBASE from January 2008 to February 2020. In addition to hand searching the reference lists of relevant publications and SLRs, key conference websites, PubMed, and various government sites were also searched for the 2 years preceding the search (2018-2020).
    Results: A total of 1845 citations were identified, of which 49 were retained for data extraction. Most studies reporting on the HCRU associated with NMS reported on post-NMS HCRU alone without a comparison pre-NMS. However, four studies described a difference in HCRU (i.e., investigations pre- vs post-switch or between non-switchers vs switchers), all of which reported a relative increase in HCRU, including laboratory testing, imaging, medical visits, and hospitalizations, amongst patients who underwent an originator-to-biosimilar NMS. Most studies reporting on the costs associated with NMS reported significant savings following NMS on the basis of drug costs alone. However, four studies specifically reporting on the difference of costs following originator-to-biosimilar NMS all demonstrated an increase in HCRU-related costs associated with NMS (increase in HCRU-related costs of 4-37% or 148-2234 2020 Canadian dollars).
    Conclusion: Amongst the studies that reported on the difference in HCRU pre- vs post-switch or between non-switchers and switchers, all showed an increase in HCRU and related costs associated with NMS, suggesting that the expected overall savings due to less costly drug prices may be reduced as a result of an increase in HCRU and its associated costs post-switch. Nevertheless, more real-world studies that include NMS-related healthcare costs in addition to drug costs are needed.
    MeSH term(s) Biosimilar Pharmaceuticals/therapeutic use ; Canada ; Drug Costs ; Health Care Costs ; Humans
    Chemical Substances Biosimilar Pharmaceuticals
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-11-15
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Systematic Review
    ZDB-ID 632651-1
    ISSN 1865-8652 ; 0741-238X
    ISSN (online) 1865-8652
    ISSN 0741-238X
    DOI 10.1007/s12325-021-01951-z
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Cost-Effectiveness of Tight Control for Crohn's Disease With Adalimumab-Based Treatment: Economic Evaluation of the CALM Trial From a Canadian Perspective.

    Lakatos, Peter L / Kaplan, Gilaad G / Bressler, Brian / Khanna, Reena / Targownik, Laura / Jones, Jennifer / Rahal, Yasmine / McHugh, Kevin / Panaccione, Remo

    Journal of the Canadian Association of Gastroenterology

    2022  Volume 5, Issue 4, Page(s) 169–176

    Abstract: Crohn's disease (CD) is associated with reduced quality of life, increased absenteeism and high direct medical costs resulting from frequent hospitalizations and surgeries. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibitors (TNFi's) have transformed the therapeutic ... ...

    Abstract Crohn's disease (CD) is associated with reduced quality of life, increased absenteeism and high direct medical costs resulting from frequent hospitalizations and surgeries. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibitors (TNFi's) have transformed the therapeutic landscape and enabled a shift from a symptom control to a treat-to-target strategy. The Effect of Tight Control Management on Crohn's Disease (CALM) trial demonstrated tight control (TC), with TNFi dose changes informed by biochemical markers of inflammation, achieved higher mucosal healing rates compared with conventional management (CM) based on symptoms. A Markov model compared TC and CM strategies from the perspective of the Canadian public payer using patient-observation data from the CALM trial. A regression model estimated weekly CD Activity Index-based transition matrices over a 5-year horizon and included covariates to improve extrapolation of outcomes beyond the 48-week trial assessment period. Costs of CD-related hospitalizations, biomarker tests and adalimumab injections were sourced from public data. Other direct medical costs, quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs), and incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) were calculated. Absenteeism was monetized and included in a sensitivity analysis. Over the 5-year time horizon, TC reduced hospitalization costs by 64% compared with CM. Other direct medical costs were reduced by 22%; adalimumab costs increased by 38%, generating an ICER of $35,168 per QALY gained. Absenteeism costs were reduced by 54%, and, when that was included in the model, TC became dominant compared with CM. Management of CD with TC is cost-effective compared with CM in Canada and is dominant if indirect costs associated with absenteeism are included. Trial registration number: NCT01235689.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-10
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2940642-0
    ISSN 2515-2092 ; 2515-2084
    ISSN (online) 2515-2092
    ISSN 2515-2084
    DOI 10.1093/jcag/gwac001
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Timing of elimination of hepatitis C virus in Canada's provinces.

    Feld, Jordan J / Klein, Marina B / Rahal, Yasmine / Lee, Samuel S / Mohammed, Shawn / King, Alexandra / Smyth, Daniel / Gonzalez, Yuri Sanchez / Nugent, Arlene / Janjua, Naveed Z

    Canadian liver journal

    2022  Volume 5, Issue 4, Page(s) 493–506

    Abstract: BACKGROUND: ...

    Abstract BACKGROUND:
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-11-07
    Publishing country Canada
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2561-4444
    ISSN (online) 2561-4444
    DOI 10.3138/canlivj-2022-0003
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article: Cross-Sectional Survey of the Impact of Endometriosis Symptoms on Health-Related Quality of Life in Canadian Women.

    Soliman, Ahmed M / Singh, Sukhbir / Rahal, Yasmine / Robert, Catherine / Defoy, Isabelle / Nisbet, Paul / Leyland, Nicholas

    Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology Canada : JOGC = Journal d'obstetrique et gynecologie du Canada : JOGC

    2020  Volume 42, Issue 11, Page(s) 1330–1338

    Abstract: Objective: To characterize the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of Canadian women with a self-reported diagnosis of endometriosis (DxE).: Methods: Canadian women aged 18-49 years completed a survey from December 2018 through January 2019 in ... ...

    Abstract Objective: To characterize the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of Canadian women with a self-reported diagnosis of endometriosis (DxE).
    Methods: Canadian women aged 18-49 years completed a survey from December 2018 through January 2019 in which HRQOL was assessed via the 12-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-12) and Endometriosis Health Profile-30 (EHP-30) questionnaire. We used t tests to compare SF-12 scores between women with and without a self-reported DxE, as well as the severity of hallmark endometriosis symptoms, including menstrual pelvic pain/cramping, non-menstrual pelvic pain/cramping, and dyspareunia, for women with a DxE (moderate/severe vs. mild/none). The effects of overall endometriosis symptom severity on HRQOL were assessed via analysis of variance.
    Results: In total, 26 528 women without a DxE and 2004 women with a self-reported DxE were included. SF-12 scores were significantly lower for women with versus without a DxE (Mental Component Summary: 38.6 vs. 41.2; Physical Component Summary: 47.3 vs. 52.1; both P < 0.001), indicating reduced HRQOL. Moderate/severe hallmark endometriosis symptoms were associated with low SF-12 scores (i.e., worse HRQOL), with the greatest impact from non-menstrual pelvic pain/cramping. EHP-30 scores for women with a DxE ranged from 40.6 to 46.8, with the greatest impairment in self-image. Women with severe endometriosis symptoms had EHP-30 scores 1.3- and >2-fold higher (i.e., worse) than those with moderate and mild symptoms, at 67.5-74.6 versus 51.3-56.9 and 25.6-32.9, respectively.
    Conclusion: Canadian women with a self-reported diagnosis of endometriosis had significantly impaired health-related quality of life, which was inversely correlated with endometriosis symptom severity. This finding highlights a substantial unmet need among women with endometriosis.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Canada/epidemiology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Endometriosis/complications ; Endometriosis/epidemiology ; Endometriosis/psychology ; Female ; Humans ; Mental Health ; Middle Aged ; Pelvic Pain/epidemiology ; Pelvic Pain/etiology ; Quality of Life/psychology ; Self Concept ; Social Support ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Young Adult
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-05-15
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2171082-X
    ISSN 1701-2163
    ISSN 1701-2163
    DOI 10.1016/j.jogc.2020.04.013
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article: Impact of Endometriosis on Fatigue and Productivity Impairment in a Cross-Sectional Survey of Canadian Women.

    Soliman, Ahmed M / Rahal, Yasmine / Robert, Catherine / Defoy, Isabelle / Nisbet, Paul / Leyland, Nicholas / Singh, Sukhbir

    Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology Canada : JOGC = Journal d'obstetrique et gynecologie du Canada : JOGC

    2020  Volume 43, Issue 1, Page(s) 10–18

    Abstract: Objective: To evaluate fatigue burden and productivity impairments in Canadian women with a self-reported diagnosis of endometriosis (DxE).: Methods: From December 2018 to January 2019, Canadian women aged 18-49 years completed an online survey ... ...

    Abstract Objective: To evaluate fatigue burden and productivity impairments in Canadian women with a self-reported diagnosis of endometriosis (DxE).
    Methods: From December 2018 to January 2019, Canadian women aged 18-49 years completed an online survey assessing fatigue via the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Fatigue Short Form 6a questionnaire. Fatigue T-scores were compared between women with and without a DxE, by age and endometriosis symptom severity, using t tests. Women with a DxE completed the Work Productivity and Activity Impairment - Specific Health Problem (WPAI-SHP) questionnaire. The effects of age and hallmark endometriosis symptoms on productivity impairments were assessed via analysis of variance.
    Results: Survey data included 2004 women with and 26 528 women without a DxE. Mean fatigue T-scores were 58.5 ± 10.1 in women with a DxE and 59.2 ± 10.1 in women with hallmark endometriosis symptoms (i.e., menstrual or non-menstrual pelvic pain/cramping, dyspareunia) versus 55.2 ± 9.4 in women without a DxE (both P < 0.001). Women with moderate or severe endometriosis symptoms had a mean T-score of 61.2 ± 9.4 versus 55.9 ± 10.1 for women with mild symptoms (P < 0.001). Women with moderate or severe hallmark endometriosis symptoms had mean T-scores of 59.6-62.9 versus 57.0-58.2 for women with mild or no symptoms (all comparisons P < 0.01). Women with a DxE reported 17.1% of work time missed, 41.8% impaired work ability, 46.5% overall work impairment, and 41.4% activity impairment per the WPAI-SHP. Women with a DxE aged 30-34 and 35-39 years consistently experienced the greatest effects of fatigue and productivity impairments.
    Conclusions: Canadian women with a DxE experience a substantial fatigue burden and significant productivity impairments.
    MeSH term(s) Absenteeism ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Canada/epidemiology ; Cost of Illness ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Efficiency ; Endometriosis/complications ; Endometriosis/epidemiology ; Endometriosis/psychology ; Fatigue/epidemiology ; Fatigue/etiology ; Fatigue/psychology ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Pelvic Pain/etiology ; Pelvic Pain/psychology ; Presenteeism ; Quality of Life/psychology ; Sickness Impact Profile ; Stress, Psychological/etiology ; Stress, Psychological/psychology ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Work ; Young Adult
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-07-18
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2171082-X
    ISSN 1701-2163
    ISSN 1701-2163
    DOI 10.1016/j.jogc.2020.06.022
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article: Prevalence, Symptomatic Burden, and Diagnosis of Endometriosis in Canada: Cross-Sectional Survey of 30 000 Women.

    Singh, Sukhbir / Soliman, Ahmed M / Rahal, Yasmine / Robert, Catherine / Defoy, Isabelle / Nisbet, Paul / Leyland, Nicholas

    Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology Canada : JOGC = Journal d'obstetrique et gynecologie du Canada : JOGC

    2020  Volume 42, Issue 7, Page(s) 829–838

    Abstract: Objective: This study sought to estimate the prevalence of diagnosis of endometriosis (DxE) in Canada and to assess the symptomatic and diagnostic experience of Canadian women with DxE.: Method: A cross-sectional, online survey of women in Canada ... ...

    Abstract Objective: This study sought to estimate the prevalence of diagnosis of endometriosis (DxE) in Canada and to assess the symptomatic and diagnostic experience of Canadian women with DxE.
    Method: A cross-sectional, online survey of women in Canada aged 18 to 49 was conducted from December 7, 2018 through January 24, 2019. Survey data were weighted by Canadian population statistics to estimate the prevalence, symptomatic burden, and diagnostic experience of DxE. Logistic regressions were used to assess differences in symptom burden between women with and without DxE.
    Results: The estimated prevalence of DxE was 7.0% (2004 women of 28 532 women surveyed). Almost half (47.5%) of women with DxE were aged 18 to 29 when they received an endometriosis diagnosis, and 84.1% experienced symptoms before diagnosis. More women with versus without DxE experienced menstrual pelvic pain or cramping (70.3% vs. 50.7%), non-menstrual pelvic pain or cramping (49.5% vs. 18.7%), dyspareunia (52.5% vs. 28.0%), and infertility (22.3% vs. 6.3%). Women with DxE were more likely to report severe menstrual pelvic pain or cramping (odds ratio [OR] 2.9; 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.5-3.3), non-menstrual pelvic pain or cramping (OR 3.4; 95% CI 2.8-4.2), general abdominal pain (OR 3.0; 95% CI 2.5-3.6), and pelvic pressure (OR 3.0; 95% CI 2.3-3.8). Women with DxE reported an average 5.4-year diagnostic delay, with a 3.1-year delay from onset of symptoms to physician consultation and a 2.3-year delay between physician consultation and diagnosis.
    Conclusion: Self-reported DxE is prevalent among Canadian women and is associated with a substantial symptomatic burden. The 5.4-year diagnostic delay reported here indicates an important unmet need for more timely diagnosis of endometriosis in Canada.
    MeSH term(s) Abdominal Pain/epidemiology ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Canada/epidemiology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Delayed Diagnosis ; Dysmenorrhea/epidemiology ; Endometriosis/diagnosis ; Endometriosis/epidemiology ; Endometriosis/psychology ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Prevalence ; Young Adult
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-01-27
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2171082-X
    ISSN 1701-2163
    ISSN 1701-2163
    DOI 10.1016/j.jogc.2019.10.038
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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