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  1. Article: Effect of Subanaesthetic Dose of Ketamine on Pneumoperitoneal Response and Clinical Recovery in Patients Undergoing Laparoscopy.

    Rajarajan, Swaminathan Veerasamy / Alarasan, Arun Kumar / Subramaniam, Anand / Mathews, Lailu

    Turkish journal of anaesthesiology and reanimation

    2022  Volume 50, Issue 3, Page(s) 212–218

    Abstract: Objective: Although suppression of intraperitoneal gas insufflation response is possible with a higher dose of opioids, sedatives, and inha- lational agents, delayed emergence and poor clinical recovery are still a matter of concern. Here our primary ... ...

    Abstract Objective: Although suppression of intraperitoneal gas insufflation response is possible with a higher dose of opioids, sedatives, and inha- lational agents, delayed emergence and poor clinical recovery are still a matter of concern. Here our primary aim was to assess the quality of recovery and the secondary aim includes postinsufflation response, postoperative pain intensity, total opioid requirement, and looking for adverse effects, if any.
    Methods: This prospective randomized double-blinded controlled study was conducted among 75 American Society of Anesthesiologist physical status I and II patients scheduled for laparoscopic surgeries under general anaesthesia. Group 1 received injection tramadol 1 mg kg-1 iv-1 5 minutes after intubation. Similarly, groups 2 and 3 received 0.25 mg kg-1 and 0.5 mg kg-1 injection of ketamine iv, respectively. Intraperitoneal insufflation response was observed from the beginning of insufflation till 15 minutes. Clinical recovery was measured in terms of vigilance, cognition, orientation, and comfort. Postoperative pain intensity was assessed at varying movement activities using numerical rating scale pain score and with the total opioid requirement. The collected data were analyzed using three-way ANOVA.
    Results: Groups 1 and 2 had a fair clinical recovery. Postoperative pain intensity was least in group 2, and the postinsufflation mean arterial pressure was higher in groups 1 and 3. A total of 32% of participants had delirium in group 3.
    Conclusions: Clinical recovery and perioperative analgesia were better in ketamine group (0.25 mg kg-1) without any perturbations in intra- operative pneumoperitoneal response. Hence it can be considered an optimal adjuvant in laparoscopic surgeries.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-08-05
    Publishing country Turkey
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2667-677X
    ISSN 2667-677X
    DOI 10.5152/TJAR.2022.21066
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Study on antiviral activities, drug-likeness and molecular docking of bioactive compounds of Punica granatum L. to Herpes simplex virus - 2 (HSV-2).

    Arunkumar, Jagadeesan / Rajarajan, Swaminathan

    Microbial pathogenesis

    2018  Volume 118, Page(s) 301–309

    Abstract: Herpes simplex virus - 2 (HSV-2) causes lifelong persisting infection in the immunocompromised host and intermittent in healthy individuals with high morbidity in neonatals and also increase the transmission of HIV. Acyclovir is widely used drug to treat ...

    Abstract Herpes simplex virus - 2 (HSV-2) causes lifelong persisting infection in the immunocompromised host and intermittent in healthy individuals with high morbidity in neonatals and also increase the transmission of HIV. Acyclovir is widely used drug to treat HSV-2 infection but it unable to control viral latency and recurrent infection and prolonged usage lead to drug resistance. Plant-based bioactive compounds are the lead structural bio-molecules play an inevitable role as a potential antiviral agent with reduced toxicity. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop anti-HSV-2 bioactive molecules to prevent viral resistance and control of latent infection. Punica granatum fruit is rich in major bioactive compounds with potential antimicrobial properties. Hence, we evaluated the anti-HSV-2 efficacy of lyophilized extracts and bioactive compounds isolated from fruit peel of P. granatum. As a result, ethanolic peel extract showed significant inhibition at 62.5 μg/ml. Hence, the fruit peel ethanolic extract was subjected for the isolation of bioactive compounds isolation by bioactivity-guided fractionation. Among isolated bioactive compounds, punicalagin showed 100% anti-HSV-2 activity at 31.25 μg/ml with supportive evidence of desirable in silico ADMET properties and strong interactions to selected protein targets of HSV-2 by docking analysis.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Antiviral Agents/chemistry ; Antiviral Agents/pharmacology ; Caco-2 Cells ; Cell Line, Tumor/drug effects ; Cell Survival/drug effects ; Computer Simulation ; Dogs ; Drug Resistance, Viral/drug effects ; Ellagic Acid/pharmacology ; Freeze Drying ; Fruit/chemistry ; Gallic Acid/pharmacology ; Herpesvirus 2, Human/drug effects ; Humans ; Madin Darby Canine Kidney Cells ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Molecular Docking Simulation/methods ; Phytochemicals/chemistry ; Phytochemicals/pharmacology ; Plant Extracts/chemistry ; Plant Extracts/isolation & purification ; Plant Extracts/pharmacology ; Punicaceae/chemistry
    Chemical Substances Antiviral Agents ; Phytochemicals ; Plant Extracts ; Ellagic Acid (19YRN3ZS9P) ; Gallic Acid (632XD903SP)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-03-28
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 632772-2
    ISSN 1096-1208 ; 0882-4010
    ISSN (online) 1096-1208
    ISSN 0882-4010
    DOI 10.1016/j.micpath.2018.03.052
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Evaluation ofin vitro antiviral activity ofVitex Negundo L., Hyptis suaveolens (L) poit., Decalepis hamiltonii Wight & Arn., to Chikungunya virus

    Sangeetha Kothandan / Rajarajan Swaminathan

    Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Disease, Vol 4, Iss Sup 1, Pp 111-

    2014  Volume 115

    Abstract: Objective: To screen the three Indian plants for the antiviral activity to chikungunya virus since chikungunya infections are treated symptomatically without specific drugs till date. Methods: In vitro cytotoxicity assay of the lyophilised extracts was ... ...

    Abstract Objective: To screen the three Indian plants for the antiviral activity to chikungunya virus since chikungunya infections are treated symptomatically without specific drugs till date. Methods: In vitro cytotoxicity assay of the lyophilised extracts was assessed in vero cells for the determination of maximum non toxic concentration and in vitro antiviral assay was evaluated by the inhibition of virus induced cytopathic effect. Results: Aqueous and aqueous ethanolic extracts of Hyptis suaveolens exhibited partial inhibition to Asian strain of chikungunya virus. Conclusion: Of all the three plants tested for antiviral activity to both the lineages of chikungunya virus, Hyptis suaveolens were found to be effective to Asian strain of chikungunya virus.
    Keywords Chikungunya virus ; Cytotoxicity assay ; Antiviral assay ; Hyptis suaveolens ; Medicine ; R ; Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine ; RC955-962
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-02-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Disease Editorial Office
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article ; Online: Antiviral activity of astragaloside II, astragaloside III and astragaloside IV compounds against dengue virus: Computational docking and in vitro studies.

    Indu, Purushothaman / Arunagirinathan, Narasingam / Rameshkumar, Marimuthu Ragavan / Sangeetha, Kodhandan / Divyadarshini, Angamuthu / Rajarajan, Swaminathan

    Microbial pathogenesis

    2020  Volume 152, Page(s) 104563

    Abstract: This study was aimed to identify the phytocompounds possessing anti-dengue virus activity using in silico and in vitro approaches. A total of 7000 phytocompounds were virtually screened against protein targets (envelope, NS2b/NS3, and NS5) of dengue ... ...

    Abstract This study was aimed to identify the phytocompounds possessing anti-dengue virus activity using in silico and in vitro approaches. A total of 7000 phytocompounds were virtually screened against protein targets (envelope, NS2b/NS3, and NS5) of dengue virus using iGEMDOCK and individually docked using Maestro 10.7 module of Schrödinger software. In vitro cytotoxicity and antiviral studies were performed using vero cell line. Finally, three phytocompounds namely astragaloside II, astragaloside III, and astragaloside IV were screened based on their highest binding energy values against protein targets. Astragaloside III exhibited the highest interaction energy value of -8.718 kcal/mol and -8.447 kcal/mol against envelope, and NS2b/NS3 targets, respectively. Astragaloside IV exhibited -7.244 kcal/mol against SAM site, and -9.179 kcal/mol against RNA cap site of NS5 targets. In silico ADMET analysis revealed that astragaloside II, III, and IV were non-mutagenic and non-carcinogenic in nature and these compounds were also non-toxic to vero cells upto 1000 μg/mL. Against dengue virus serotype 3, astragaloside II exhibited substantial antiviral activity at the concentration of 1.56 μg/mL followed by astragaloside III at 6.25 μg/mL and astragaloside IV at 12.5 μg/mL. Also, against dengue serotype 1, astragaloside II showed the maximum antiviral activity at 1.56 μg/mL followed by astragaloside III and IV at 3.125 μg/mL. This study concludes that astragaloside II, III, and IV compounds had potential in vitro anti-dengue virus activity.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Antiviral Agents/pharmacology ; Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use ; Chlorocebus aethiops ; Dengue/drug therapy ; Dengue Virus ; Molecular Docking Simulation ; Saponins ; Triterpenes ; Vero Cells ; Viral Nonstructural Proteins
    Chemical Substances Antiviral Agents ; Saponins ; Triterpenes ; Viral Nonstructural Proteins ; astragaloside II ; astragaloside A (3A592W8XKE) ; astragaloside III (WVP53009FC)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-10-22
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 632772-2
    ISSN 1096-1208 ; 0882-4010
    ISSN (online) 1096-1208
    ISSN 0882-4010
    DOI 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104563
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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