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  1. AU="Rajendra Damu Patil"
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  1. Article ; Online: Shatavarin-IV saponin adjuvant elicits IgG and IgG2b responses against Staphylococcus aureus bacterin in a murine model

    Arivukarasu Palanisamy / Rinku Sharma / Prithvi Pal Singh / Upendra Sharma / Rajendra Damu Patil / Gorakh Mal / Birbal Singh

    Heliyon, Vol 9, Iss 4, Pp e15339- (2023)

    2023  

    Abstract: Asparagus adscendens Roxb. also known as “safed musli” or “shatavari” is a medicinal plant commonly found in South Asian countries. Shatavari is effective for the treatment of gastric ulcers, renal stones, bronchitis, diabetes, diabetic neuropathy, ... ...

    Abstract Asparagus adscendens Roxb. also known as “safed musli” or “shatavari” is a medicinal plant commonly found in South Asian countries. Shatavari is effective for the treatment of gastric ulcers, renal stones, bronchitis, diabetes, diabetic neuropathy, irritable bowel syndrome, alcohol withdrawal and has reported immunostimulatory effects. In this study, the adjuvant potential of Shatavarin-IV saponin against Staphylococcus aureus bacterin in mice was investigated. Shatavarin-IV was evaluated for its toxicity and immunomodulatory potential against S. aureus bacterin in mice. Cellular and humoral immune responses were assessed. Shatavarin-IV was isolated from the fruit extract of Asparagus adscendens. The confirmation of the isolated molecule as Shatavarin-IV was done via TLC-based comparison with the standard molecule. Further, the structure was confirmed by using extensive spectroscopic analyses and comparing the observed data with literature reports. It was found safe up to the dose of 0.1 mg in the mice model. Shatavarin-IV adjuvant elicited IgG and IgG2b responses at the dose of 40 μg against S. aureus bacterin. However, the cell-mediated immune response was lesser as compared with the commercial Quil-A saponin . We demonstrated that Shatavarin-IV saponin adjuvant produced an optimum humoral immune response against S. aureus bacterin. These results highlight the potential of Shatavarin-IV as an adjuvant in a combination adjuvant in vaccine formulations for induction of potent immune response.
    Keywords Shatavarin-IV (S-IV) isolation and characterization ; Asparagus adscendens fruit ; Inactivated S. aureus (Bacterin) ; Shatavarin-IV adjuvant ; Immune response ; Science (General) ; Q1-390 ; Social sciences (General) ; H1-99
    Subject code 616 ; 630
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Elsevier
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article ; Online: Hepatoprotective activity of Picrorhiza kurroa and Berberis lycium is mediated by inhibition of COX-2 and TGF-β expression in lantadenes-induced sub-chronic toxicity in guinea pigs

    Punam Soren / Rinku Sharma / Gorakh Mal / Bikram Singh / Pawan Kumar / Rajendra Damu Patil / Birbal Singh

    Phytomedicine Plus, Vol 2, Iss 3, Pp 100288- (2022)

    2022  

    Abstract: Background: The toxicity of Lantana camara weed is common in grazing livestock throughout the world. Specific treatment for the toxicity is lacking. However, herbal plants could be investigated for their effectiveness in inhibiting hepatic damage caused ... ...

    Abstract Background: The toxicity of Lantana camara weed is common in grazing livestock throughout the world. Specific treatment for the toxicity is lacking. However, herbal plants could be investigated for their effectiveness in inhibiting hepatic damage caused by lantadenes of L. camara. Therefore, the extracts Berberis lycium and Picrorhiza kurroa, which are known to exhibit multiple useful effects were assessed for their hepatoprotective action in sub-chronic lantadene toxicity. Purpose: The focus of the study was to investigate the molecular pathogenesis of sub-chronic lantadene toxicity and, the mechanism of hepatoprotection by freeze-dried methanolic extracts of the Berberis lycium root bark and Picrorhiza kurroa rhizome in lantadenes-induced sub-chronic hepatopathy in guinea pig laboratory animal model. Methods: Isolation of lantadenes from L. camara leaves, followed by its characterization and quantification by UPLC-MS method was done. The methanolic extracts of ameliorating plant parts (root bark of B. lycium, rhizome of P. kurroa) were prepared and quantification of berberine and picroside was carried out. The in vivo sub-chronic toxicity and amelioration experiment in guinea pigs was conducted for 90 days by distributing them into 7 groups with 6 animals in each group. At the end of the experiment, serum biochemical analysis, oxidation stress levels in the liver and kidneys were determined. Gross pathology and microscopic observations in different organs, Masson’s trichome staining for fibrous collagenous tissue deposition assessment, and immunohistochemical expression of the TGF-β antigen in the liver of animals were done. The effect of lantadenes on pro-inflammatory cytokines and the level of α-smooth muscle actin in the liver was estimated by real-time RT-PCR and ELISA, respectively. Results: Sub-chronic lantadene intoxication increased serum ALT, AST, ALP, bilirubin, creatinine, total proteins and lipid peroxidation in liver tissue; decreased catalase, superoxide dismutase and reduced glutathione activity ...
    Keywords Lantadene toxin ; Sub-chronic toxicity ; Picrorhiza kurroa ; Berberis lycium ; Hepatoprotection ; Guinea pigs ; Other systems of medicine ; RZ201-999
    Subject code 630
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-08-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Elsevier
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: Tularemia – a re-emerging disease with growing concern

    Rinku Sharma / Rajendra Damu Patil / Birbal Singh / Sandip Chakraborty / Deepak Chandran / Kuldeep Dhama / Devi Gopinath / Gauri Jairath / Ajayta Rialch / Gorakh Mal / Putan Singh / Wanpen Chaicumpa / G. Saikumar

    Veterinary Quarterly, Vol 43, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2023  Volume 16

    Abstract: AbstractTularemia caused by Gram-negative, coccobacillus bacterium, Francisella tularensis, is a highly infectious zoonotic disease. Human cases have been reported mainly from the United States, Nordic countries like Sweden and Finland, and some European ...

    Abstract AbstractTularemia caused by Gram-negative, coccobacillus bacterium, Francisella tularensis, is a highly infectious zoonotic disease. Human cases have been reported mainly from the United States, Nordic countries like Sweden and Finland, and some European and Asian countries. Naturally, the disease occurs in several vertebrates, particularly lagomorphs. Type A (subspecies tularensis) is more virulent and causes disease mainly in North America; type B (subspecies holarctica) is widespread, while subspecies mediasiatica is present in central Asia. F. tularensis is a possible bioweapon due to its lethality, low infectious dosage, and aerosol transmission. Small mammals like rabbits, hares, and muskrats are primary sources of human infections, but true reservoir of F. tularensis is unknown. Vector-borne tularemia primarily involves ticks and mosquitoes. The bacterial subspecies involved and mode of transmission determine the clinical picture. Early signs are flu-like illnesses that may evolve into different clinical forms of tularemia that may or may not include lymphadenopathy. Ulcero-glandular and glandular forms are acquired by arthropod bite or handling of infected animals, oculo-glandular form as a result of conjunctival infection, and oro-pharyngeal form by intake of contaminated food or water. Pulmonary form appears after inhalation of bacteria. Typhoidal form may occur after infection via different routes. Human-to-human transmission has not been known. Diagnosis can be achieved by serology, bacterial culture, and molecular methods. Treatment for tularemia typically entails use of quinolones, tetracyclines, or aminoglycosides. Preventive measures are necessary to avoid infection although difficult to implement. Research is underway for the development of effective live attenuated and subunit vaccines.
    Keywords Franscisella tularensis ; zoonosis ; bioterrorism agent ; tularemia ; rabbit fever ; lymphadenopathy ; Veterinary medicine ; SF600-1100
    Subject code 630
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Taylor & Francis Group
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article ; Online: Safety evaluation of seabuckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides) leaves in Japanese quail

    Vikram Patial / R. K. Asrani / Rajendra Damu Patil

    Veterinary World, Vol 6, Iss 9, Pp 596-

    2013  Volume 600

    Abstract: Aim: The present study was designed to evaluate the safety of seabuckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L. Elaeagnaceae) leaves added in the diet of Japanese quail. Materials and Methods: A total of ninety quail chicks were randomly divided into 2 groups and ... ...

    Abstract Aim: The present study was designed to evaluate the safety of seabuckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L. Elaeagnaceae) leaves added in the diet of Japanese quail. Materials and Methods: A total of ninety quail chicks were randomly divided into 2 groups and fed a standard quail chick mash added with or without 2% SBT leaf powder (Group SX), and a standard quail chick mash (Group CX, control) for 21 days. Six animals from each group were randomly sacrificed at 7, 14 and 21 day post feeding. Blood and tissue samples were collected for biochemical and histopathological studies.Results: The inclusion of SBT in quail diet did not affect the weekly body weights, clinical signs or mortality among the birds. The serum biochemical parameters like alanine transaminase, total protein, albumin, cholesterol and uric acid values in SBT treated group were found at par with those in the control group. Gross and histopathological studies of various internal organs such as liver, kidneys, heart, spleen, proventriculus, small intestine, bursa and thymus did not reveal any significant lesions in the tissue sections. However, proliferation of lymphoid tissue was a prominent finding noted in different lymphoid organs.Conclusion: In conclusion, the addition of seabuckthorn leaf powder at 2% level in the diet of Japanese quail was found to be safe and it can be used as a feed additive.
    Keywords biochemical changes ; Japanese quail ; pathology ; seabuckthorn ; Animal culture ; SF1-1100 ; Veterinary medicine ; SF600-1100
    Subject code 630
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-06-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Veterinary World
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article ; Online: Experimentally Induced Toxicity of Ochratoxin A and Endosulfan in Male Wistar Rats

    Masarrat Afroz / Arun Kumar Jain / Karan Pal Singh / Avinash Gopal Telang / Shashi Nandar Kumar / Rajendra Damu Patil

    Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, Vol 10, Iss 13, Pp 1750-

    A Hormonal Disorder

    2011  Volume 1755

    Abstract: Dietary exposures to food contaminants such as mycotoxin (s) or pesticide (s) are most significant due to their adverse effect on the production and reproduction in animals and human population. The present investigation was conducted to evaluate the ... ...

    Abstract Dietary exposures to food contaminants such as mycotoxin (s) or pesticide (s) are most significant due to their adverse effect on the production and reproduction in animals and human population. The present investigation was conducted to evaluate the adverse effects of Ochratoxin A (OTA) and endosulfan on the male hormonal status. OTA (4 mg kg -1 feed) and endosulfan (5 mg kg -1 body weight) were administered orally alone and in combination for 30 days caused significant alterations on the serum levels of various body hormones such as thyroid hormones (triiodothyronine and thyroxin), testosterone, prolactin, insulin and cortisol of adult male Wistar rats. Radioimmuno assay revealed significantly higher serum levels of Thyroxin (T 4 ) and prolactin and the significantly lower serum levels of Triiodothyronine (T 3 ), testosterone, insulin and cortisol in all the treated groups in comparison to control. Moreover, the hormonal changes were maximum in the combination group. In conclusion, the simultaneous exposure of OTA and endosulfan caused more pronounced hormonal alterations possibly may due to their additive interaction in adult male Wistar rats.
    Keywords hormone ; male rats ; endosulfan ; Ochratoxin A ; radioimmuno assay ; India ; Animal culture ; SF1-1100 ; Agriculture ; S ; DOAJ:Animal Sciences ; DOAJ:Agriculture and Food Sciences
    Subject code 630
    Language English
    Publishing date 2011-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Medwell Online
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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