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Book ; Online ; E-Book: Nanomaterials for Cancer Detection Using Imaging Techniques and Their Clinical Applications

Chaughule, Ramesh S. / Patkar, Deepak P. / Ramanujan, Raju V.

2022

Abstract: This book presents nanomaterials for cancer detection using a variety of state-of-the-art imaging techniques. Clinical applications are also highlighted. The unique size-dependent properties and convenient surfaces for molecular assembly make these ... ...

Author's details	edited by Ramesh S. Chaughule, Deepak P. Patkar, Raju V. Ramanujan
Abstract	This book presents nanomaterials for cancer detection using a variety of state-of-the-art imaging techniques. Clinical applications are also highlighted. The unique size-dependent properties and convenient surfaces for molecular assembly make these nanomaterials essential for a variety of innovative imaging techniques. This book covers important imaging modalities, synthesis of nanoparticles with specific functional properties, and clinical applications including the development of anticancer drugs. The information presented here involves contributions from chemistry, materials science, materials characterization, cell engineering, and clinical testing. The book will be essential reading to experienced clinicians as well as a wide range of scholars and researchers interested in nanotechnology and imaging techniques for cancer detection.
Keywords	Nanomedicine ; Cancer/Imaging ; Drug delivery systems ; Materials/Analysis ; Imaging systems ; Nanotechnology ; Nanomedicine and Nanotoxicology ; Cancer Imaging ; Drug Delivery ; Imaging Techniques
Subject code	605
Language	English
Size	1 online resource (525 pages)
Edition	1st ed. 2022.
Publisher	Springer International Publishing ; Imprint: Springer
Publishing place	Cham
Document type	Book ; Online ; E-Book
Remark	Zugriff für angemeldete ZB MED-Nutzerinnen und -Nutzer
ISBN	3-031-09636-3 ; 9783031096358 ; 978-3-031-09636-5 ; 3031096355
DOI	10.1007/978-3-031-09636-5
Database	ZB MED Catalogue: Medicine, Health, Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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Article: Clinical and Angiographic Profile in Non-ST Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome (NSTE-ACS) and Chronic Stable Angina: A Tertiary Care Centre-Based Cohort Study From Southern Indian Population.

Raju, Venkatesh

Cureus

2023 Volume 15, Issue 5, Page(s) e38369

Abstract: Purpose This study aimed to assess the clinico-demographic profile, risk factors, and pattern of coronary involvement in non-ST elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS) and chronic stable angina (CSA). Methods This was a retrospective study conducted ...

Abstract	Purpose This study aimed to assess the clinico-demographic profile, risk factors, and pattern of coronary involvement in non-ST elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS) and chronic stable angina (CSA). Methods This was a retrospective study conducted in a tertiary care hospital catering mainly to the rural population in Southern India from January 2020 to July 2022. Data from 333 patients with NSTE-ACS and CSA were analyzed during the study period for the clinico-demographic profile, risk factors, and pattern of coronary involvement in angiography. Results The mean age at presentation was 56.05±9.31. Significant obstructive coronary artery disease was present in 234 (70.3%) patients. Overall, single, double, and triple vessel disease occurred in 26%, 20%, and 32.4% of patients with NSTE-ACS and chronic stable angina. Sixty percent of the diabetic and hypertensive patients (n=92/153) had multivessel involvement. Left main coronary artery disease was present in 40 patients (12%). Conclusion Unstable angina was the most common clinical presentation. Left anterior descending (LAD) was the most common coronary vessel to be involved with occurrence of triple vessel disease in 32% of the study population. Multivessel involvement was more common in the diabetic and hypertensive groups.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2747273-5
ISSN	2168-8184
ISSN	2168-8184
DOI	10.7759/cureus.38369
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Article ; Online: From Insight to Eyesight: Unveiling the Secrets of the Insulin-Like Growth Factor Axis in Retinal Health.

Rajala, Raju V S / Rajala, Ammaji

Aging and disease

2024

Abstract: Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) plays a diverse role in the retina, exerting its effects in both normal and diseased conditions. Deficiency of IGF-1 in humans leads to issues such as microcephaly, mental retardation, deafness, and postnatal growth ... ...

Abstract	Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) plays a diverse role in the retina, exerting its effects in both normal and diseased conditions. Deficiency of IGF-1 in humans leads to issues such as microcephaly, mental retardation, deafness, and postnatal growth failure. IGF-1 is produced in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and activates the IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1R) in photoreceptor cells. When IGF-1R is absent in rod cells, it results in the degeneration of photoreceptors, emphasizing the neuroprotective function of IGF signaling in these cells. Contrastingly, in neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD), there is an overexpression of both IGF-1 and IGF-1R in RPE. The mechanisms behind this altered regulation of IGF-1 in diseased states are currently unknown. This comprehensive review provides recent insights into the role of IGF-1 in the health and disease of the retina, raising several unanswered questions that still need further investigation.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-30
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2625789-0
ISSN	2152-5250 ; 2152-5250
ISSN (online)	2152-5250
ISSN	2152-5250
DOI	10.14336/AD.2024.0128
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Implementing Flexible Systems in Doctoral Viva Defense Through Virtual Mechanism.

Raju, Valliappan

Global journal of flexible systems management

2021 Volume 22, Issue 2, Page(s) 127–139

Abstract: Year 2020 has cultivated new arena in education. Covid-19 has not only reformed the world but also revived the process of operations. One among them is academics. Never in history of education was a lecture delivered without the physical presence of ... ...

Abstract	Year 2020 has cultivated new arena in education. Covid-19 has not only reformed the world but also revived the process of operations. One among them is academics. Never in history of education was a lecture delivered without the physical presence of lecturers, in an academic environment. Even in present wildest innovative decade, the idea of eliminating the academia was not an option. However, after the pandemic encounter, it happened. These are not mere changes, but it is a transformation. While this phenomenon is getting acceptable gradually by takers, the mammoth turnaround is happening in Ph.D. final viva voce defenses too. Practice of online defense is approved by leading Universities so as to avoid stagnation of researchers in final stage. Question is, will it be appropriate to accept final defenses in online stream? and has the institutions developed rubrics to assess the researches which are presented online? Finally, if this is the only choice then how best we can use the technology to generalize it as a system? This research was executed through Delphi technique method from academia, research aspirants and policy-makers. Partial least square is used to quantify the data after interpreting qualitative data. Thirteen homogeneous University's respondents were used as sample. Focus of this paper remains to substantiate the benefits of emerging technology and developing a scheme for virtual streaming, rather identifying reasons to avoid them.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-21
Publishing country	India
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2135478-9
ISSN	0974-0198 ; 0972-2696
ISSN (online)	0974-0198
ISSN	0972-2696
DOI	10.1007/s40171-021-00264-y
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Article ; Online: Computational assessment on the impact of collagen fiber orientation in cartilages on healthy and arthritic knee kinetics/kinematics.

Raju, Vaishakh / Koorata, Poornesh Kumar

Medical engineering & physics

2023 Volume 117, Page(s) 103997

Abstract: Background: The inhomogeneous distribution of collagen fiber in cartilage can substantially influence the knee kinematics. This becomes vital for understanding the mechanical response of soft tissues, and cartilage deterioration including osteoarthritis ...

Abstract	Background: The inhomogeneous distribution of collagen fiber in cartilage can substantially influence the knee kinematics. This becomes vital for understanding the mechanical response of soft tissues, and cartilage deterioration including osteoarthritis (OA). Though the conventional computational models consider geometrical heterogeneity along with fiber reinforcements in the cartilage model as material heterogeneity, the influence of fiber orientation on knee kinetics and kinematics is not fully explored. This work examines how the collagen fiber orientation in the cartilage affects the healthy (intact knee) and arthritic knee response over multiple gait activities like running and walking. Methods: A 3D finite element knee joint model is used to compute the articular cartilage response during the gait cycle. A fiber-reinforced porous hyper elastic (FRPHE) material is used to model the soft tissue. A split-line pattern is used to implement the fiber orientation in femoral and tibial cartilage. Four distinct intact cartilage models and three OA models are simulated to assess the impact of the orientation of collagen fibers in a depth wise direction. The cartilage models with fibers oriented in parallel, perpendicular, and inclined to the articular surface are investigated for multiple knee kinematics and kinetics. Findings: The comparison of models with fiber orientation parallel to articulating surface for walking and running gait has the highest elastic stress and fluid pressure compared with inclined and perpendicular fiber-oriented models. Also, the maximum contact pressure is observed to be higher in the case of intact models during the walking cycle than for OA models. In contrast, the maximum contact pressure is higher during running in OA models than in intact models. Additionally, parallel-oriented models produce higher maximum stresses and fluid pressure for walking and running gait than proximal-distal-oriented models. Interestingly, during the walking cycle, the maximum contact pressure with intact models is approximately three times higher than on OA models. In contrast, the OA models exhibit higher contact pressure during the running cycle. Interpretation: Overall, the study indicates that collagen orientation is crucial for tissue responsiveness. This investigation provides insights into the development of tailored implants.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Kinetics ; Finite Element Analysis ; Knee Joint/physiology ; Cartilage, Articular/physiology ; Osteoarthritis ; Collagen ; Stress, Mechanical
Chemical Substances	Collagen (9007-34-5)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-19
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1181080-4
ISSN	1873-4030 ; 1350-4533
ISSN (online)	1873-4030
ISSN	1350-4533
DOI	10.1016/j.medengphy.2023.103997
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Article ; Online: An unusual form of "haemodynamic vise" in supra cardiac totally anomalous pulmonary venous drainage.

Krishna, Mani Ram / Raju, Vijaykumar / Anderson, Robert H

Cardiology in the young

2024 , Page(s) 1–2

Abstract: We report an unusual variant of obstructed supra cardiac anomalous pulmonary venous drainage where the vertical vein is obstructed by a vice formed between the persistent arterial duct and the left pulmonary artery. ...

Abstract	We report an unusual variant of obstructed supra cardiac anomalous pulmonary venous drainage where the vertical vein is obstructed by a vice formed between the persistent arterial duct and the left pulmonary artery.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-16
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1078466-4
ISSN	1467-1107 ; 1047-9511
ISSN (online)	1467-1107
ISSN	1047-9511
DOI	10.1017/S1047951124000623
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Article ; Online: Age-Related Changes in the Glycolytic Enzymes of M2-Isoform of Pyruvate Kinase and Fructose-1,6-Bisphosphate Aldolase: Implications to Age-Related Macular Degeneration.

Rajala, Ammaji / S Rajala, Raju V

Aging and disease

2024

Abstract: Prior studies have emphasized a bioenergetic crisis in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) as a critical factor in the development of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). The isoforms Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase C (ALDOC) and pyruvate kinase ... ...

Abstract	Prior studies have emphasized a bioenergetic crisis in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) as a critical factor in the development of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). The isoforms Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase C (ALDOC) and pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) have been proposed to play a role in AMD pathogenesis. While PKM2 and ALDOC are crucial for aerobic glycolysis in the neural retina, they are not as essential for the RPE. In this study, we examined the expression and activity of PKM2 and ALDOC in both young and aged RPE cells, as well as in the retina and RPE tissue of mice, including an experimentally induced AMD mouse model. Our findings reveal an upregulation in PKM2 and ALDOC expression, accompanied by increased pyruvate kinase activity, in the aged and AMD mouse RPE. Conversely, there is a decrease in ALDOC expression but an increase in PKM2 expression and pyruvate kinase activity in the aged and AMD retina. Overall, our study indicates that aged and AMD RPE cells tend to favor aerobic glycolysis, while this tendency is diminished in the aged and AMD retina. These results underscore the significance of targeting PKM2 and ALDOC in the RPE as a promising therapeutic approach to address the bioenergetic crisis and prevent vision loss in AMD.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-22
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2625789-0
ISSN	2152-5250 ; 2152-5250
ISSN (online)	2152-5250
ISSN	2152-5250
DOI	10.14336/AD.2024.0077
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Article: Therapeutic Benefits from Nanoparticles: The Potential Significance of Nanoscience in Retinal Degenerative Diseases.

Rajala, Raju V S

Journal of molecular biology & therapeutics

2021 Volume 1, Page(s) 44–55

Abstract: Several nanotechnology podiums have gained remarkable attention in the area of medical sciences, including diagnostics and treatment. In the past decade, engineered multifunctional nanoparticles have served as drug and gene carriers. The most important ... ...

Abstract	Several nanotechnology podiums have gained remarkable attention in the area of medical sciences, including diagnostics and treatment. In the past decade, engineered multifunctional nanoparticles have served as drug and gene carriers. The most important aspect of translating nanoparticles from the bench to bedside is safety. These nanoparticles should not elicit any immune response and should not be toxic to humans or the environment. Lipid-based nanoparticles have been shown to be the least toxic for
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-08
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
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Article ; Online: Signaling roles of phosphoinositides in the retina.

Rajala, Raju V S

Journal of lipid research

2021 Volume 62, Page(s) 100041

Abstract: The field of phosphoinositide signaling has expanded significantly in recent years. Phosphoinositides (also known as phosphatidylinositol phosphates or PIPs) are universal signaling molecules that directly interact with membrane proteins or with ... ...

Abstract	The field of phosphoinositide signaling has expanded significantly in recent years. Phosphoinositides (also known as phosphatidylinositol phosphates or PIPs) are universal signaling molecules that directly interact with membrane proteins or with cytosolic proteins containing domains that directly bind phosphoinositides and are recruited to cell membranes. Through the activities of phosphoinositide kinases and phosphoinositide phosphatases, seven distinct phosphoinositide lipid molecules are formed from the parent molecule, phosphatidylinositol. PIP signals regulate a wide range of cellular functions, including cytoskeletal assembly, membrane budding and fusion, ciliogenesis, vesicular transport, and signal transduction. Given the many excellent reviews on phosphoinositide kinases, phosphoinositide phosphatases, and PIPs in general, in this review, we discuss recent studies and advances in PIP lipid signaling in the retina. We specifically focus on PIP lipids from vertebrate (e.g., bovine, rat, mouse, toad, and zebrafish) and invertebrate (e.g., Drosophila, horseshoe crab, and squid) retinas. We also discuss the importance of PIPs revealed from animal models and human diseases, and methods to study PIP levels both in vitro and in vivo. We propose that future studies should investigate the function and mechanism of activation of PIP-modifying enzymes/phosphatases and further unravel PIP regulation and function in the different cell types of the retina.
MeSH term(s)	Phosphatidylinositols
Chemical Substances	Phosphatidylinositols
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-02-06
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	80154-9
ISSN	1539-7262 ; 0022-2275
ISSN (online)	1539-7262
ISSN	0022-2275
DOI	10.1194/jlr.TR120000806
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Article ; Online: Unlocking the role of lactate

Raju V. S. Rajala / Ammaji Rajala

Frontiers in Ophthalmology, Vol

metabolic pathways, signaling, and gene regulation in postmitotic retinal cells

2023 Volume 3

Abstract: The Warburg effect, which was first described a century ago, asserts that mitotic tumor cells generate higher quantities of lactate. Intriguingly, even in typical physiological circumstances, postmitotic retinal photoreceptor cells also produce elevated ... ...

Abstract	The Warburg effect, which was first described a century ago, asserts that mitotic tumor cells generate higher quantities of lactate. Intriguingly, even in typical physiological circumstances, postmitotic retinal photoreceptor cells also produce elevated levels of lactate. Initially classified as metabolic waste, lactate has since gained recognition as a significant intracellular signaling mediator and extracellular ligand. This current review endeavors to provide a concise overview and discourse on the following topics: the localization of lactate-producing enzymes, the functional significance of these enzymes, the signaling functions of lactate, and its impact on the gene expression of photoreceptors in retinal cells.
Keywords	lactate dehydrogenase ; lactate ; posttranslational modifications ; photoreceptor cells ; glycolysis ; aerobic glycolysis ; Medicine ; R
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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