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  1. Article ; Online: COVID-19-a very visible pandemic.

    Ramachandran, Raja

    Lancet (London, England)

    2020  Volume 396, Issue 10248, Page(s) e13–e14

    MeSH term(s) Betacoronavirus ; COVID-19 ; Coronavirus Infections ; Humans ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral/epidemiology ; SARS-CoV-2
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-08-06
    Publishing country England
    Document type Letter ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 3306-6
    ISSN 1474-547X ; 0023-7507 ; 0140-6736
    ISSN (online) 1474-547X
    ISSN 0023-7507 ; 0140-6736
    DOI 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31673-1
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  2. Article ; Online: COVID-19—a very visible pandemic

    Ramachandran, Raja

    The Lancet

    2020  Volume 396, Issue 10248, Page(s) e13–e14

    Keywords General Medicine ; covid19
    Language English
    Publisher Elsevier BV
    Publishing country us
    Document type Article ; Online
    ZDB-ID 3306-6
    ISSN 1474-547X ; 0023-7507 ; 0140-6736
    ISSN (online) 1474-547X
    ISSN 0023-7507 ; 0140-6736
    DOI 10.1016/s0140-6736(20)31673-1
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article: Outcomes of primary membranous nephropathy refractory to immunosuppressants.

    Nayak, Saurabh / Chauhan, Prabhat / Jha, Vivekanand / Ramachandran, Raja / Bose, Bhadran

    Clinical kidney journal

    2024  Volume 17, Issue 5, Page(s) sfae113

    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-15
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2655800-2
    ISSN 2048-8513 ; 2048-8505
    ISSN (online) 2048-8513
    ISSN 2048-8505
    DOI 10.1093/ckj/sfae113
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  4. Article ; Online: Synchronization Studies of Hindmarsh-Rose Neuron Networks: Unraveling the Influence of connection induced memristive synapse.

    Joseph, Dianavinnarasi / Ramachandran, Raja / Karthikeyan, Anitha / Rajagopal, Karthikeyan

    Bio Systems

    2023  Volume 234, Page(s) 105069

    Abstract: This study focuses on the synchronization analysis of Hindmarsh-Rose neurons coupled through a common memristor (coupled mHRN). Initially, we thoroughly examine the synchronization of two mHRNs coupled via a common memristor before exploring ... ...

    Abstract This study focuses on the synchronization analysis of Hindmarsh-Rose neurons coupled through a common memristor (coupled mHRN). Initially, we thoroughly examine the synchronization of two mHRNs coupled via a common memristor before exploring synchronization in a network of mHRNs. The stability of the proposed model is analyzed in three cases, demonstrating the existence of a single equilibrium point whose stability is influenced by external stimuli. The stable and unstable regions are investigated using eigenvalues. Through bifurcation analysis and the determination of maximum Lyapunov exponents, we identify chaotic and hyperchaotic trajectories. Additionally, using the next-generation matrix method, we calculate the chaotic number C
    MeSH term(s) Nonlinear Dynamics ; Synapses ; Neurons/physiology ; Cluster Analysis
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-07
    Publishing country Ireland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 186234-0
    ISSN 1872-8324 ; 0303-2647
    ISSN (online) 1872-8324
    ISSN 0303-2647
    DOI 10.1016/j.biosystems.2023.105069
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  5. Article ; Online: Diagnosis, Prevention, and Treatment of Infections in Kidney Transplantation.

    Bharati, Joyita / Anandh, Urmila / Kotton, Camille N / Mueller, Thomas / Shingada, Aakash K / Ramachandran, Raja

    Seminars in nephrology

    2024  Volume 43, Issue 5, Page(s) 151486

    Abstract: Kidney transplant often is complicated by infections in the recipient from therapy-related and patient-related risk factors. Infections in kidney transplant recipients are associated with increased morbidity, mortality, and allograft dysfunction. There ... ...

    Abstract Kidney transplant often is complicated by infections in the recipient from therapy-related and patient-related risk factors. Infections in kidney transplant recipients are associated with increased morbidity, mortality, and allograft dysfunction. There is a predictable timeline after kidney transplant regarding the types of pathogens causing infections, reflecting the net state of immunosuppression. In the early post-transplant period, bacterial infections comprise two thirds of all infections, followed by viral and fungal infections. Infections occurring early after kidney transplantation are generally the result of postoperative complications. In most cases, opportunistic infections occur within 6 months after kidney transplantation. They may be caused by a new infection, a donor-derived infection, or reactivation of a latent infection. Community-acquired pneumonia, upper respiratory tract infections, urinary tract infections, and gastrointestinal infections are the most common infections in the late period after transplantation when the net immunosuppression is minimal. It is crucial to seek information on the time after transplant, reflecting the net state of immunosuppression, previous history of exposure/infections, geography, and seasonal outbreaks. It is imperative that we develop regionally specific guidelines on screening, prevention, and management of infections after kidney transplantation.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Kidney Transplantation/adverse effects ; Urinary Tract Infections/diagnosis ; Urinary Tract Infections/etiology ; Urinary Tract Infections/prevention & control ; Pneumonia ; Immunosuppression Therapy/adverse effects ; Risk Factors
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-19
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 604652-6
    ISSN 1558-4488 ; 0270-9295
    ISSN (online) 1558-4488
    ISSN 0270-9295
    DOI 10.1016/j.semnephrol.2023.151486
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  6. Article ; Online: Adding insult to injury: kidney replacement therapy during COVID-19 in India.

    Ramachandran, Raja / Jha, Vivekanand

    Kidney international

    2020  Volume 98, Issue 1, Page(s) 238–239

    MeSH term(s) COVID-19 ; Coronavirus Infections ; Developing Countries ; Humans ; India ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral ; Renal Replacement Therapy
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-04-25
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Letter
    ZDB-ID 120573-0
    ISSN 1523-1755 ; 0085-2538
    ISSN (online) 1523-1755
    ISSN 0085-2538
    DOI 10.1016/j.kint.2020.04.019
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  7. Article ; Online: Spectrum of Pneumonia in Renal Transplant Recipients: An Indian Experience.

    Govindan, Sukanya / Bagai, Sahil / Ramachandran, Raja / Kumar, Vivek / Rathi, Manish / Kohli, Harbir S / Sharma, Ashish / Gupta, Krishan Lal

    Experimental and clinical transplantation : official journal of the Middle East Society for Organ Transplantation

    2024  Volume 22, Issue Suppl 1, Page(s) 73–77

    Abstract: Objectives: Respiratory tract infections are life-threatening infections in solid-organ transplant recipients that pose risk to the graft and to the patient. This study was undertaken to examine the clinical and microbiological spectrum of pneumonia in ... ...

    Abstract Objectives: Respiratory tract infections are life-threatening infections in solid-organ transplant recipients that pose risk to the graft and to the patient. This study was undertaken to examine the clinical and microbiological spectrum of pneumonia in renal transplant recipients.
    Materials and methods: Of 400 consecutive renal transplant recipients, 87 recipients (21.8%) were hospitalized between November 2014 and October 2016 with pneumonia. We examined demographic profiles and clinical investigations.
    Results: The median age of patients was 38 years (range, 19-72 y). The mean time of presentation after renal transplant was 18 months (range, 1-174 mo). Most patients (80.5%) were on maintenance immunosuppression with tacrolimus, mycophenolate mofetil, and steroids; 34% of patients had an induction agent. Chronic hepatitis C and hepatitis B infections were found in 12.6% and 2.2% of patients, respectively, and new-onset diabetes in 19.5% of patients. Fever (88%), cough (87%), shortness of breath (68%), and hypotension (33%) were common presenting symptoms. Diarrhea was the most frequent accompanying symptom, found in 9.2% of patients. Cytopenia and graft dysfunction were present in 38.7% and 80.4% of patients. Among infections, fungal infections were the most frequent (30%) followed by mixed infections (20.7%), tuberculosis (12.6%), bacterial (12.6%), and viral (3.5%) infections. Etiology could not be found in 27.6% patients. Mortality rate was 24.1%, with the highest rates for fungal infections (44%), followed by bacterial (25%) and mixed infections (18%). Presence of hypoxia and hypotension at presentation was associated with increased risk of death, whereas use of induction agents, new-onset diabetes posttransplant, diabetes mellitus, and acute kidney injury were not correlated with death or increased duration of hospital stay.
    Conclusions: Pneumonia carries high risk of mortality in renal transplant recipients. Fungal and bacterial infections carry high risk of mortality. Despite invasive investigations, a substantial number of patients had unidentified etiology.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Young Adult ; Adult ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Immunosuppressive Agents/adverse effects ; Kidney Transplantation/adverse effects ; Coinfection/chemically induced ; Coinfection/complications ; Mycophenolic Acid/adverse effects ; Diabetes Mellitus/etiology ; Pneumonia/chemically induced ; Mycoses ; Hypotension/etiology ; Transplant Recipients ; Graft Rejection
    Chemical Substances Immunosuppressive Agents ; Mycophenolic Acid (HU9DX48N0T)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-21
    Publishing country Turkey
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2396778-X
    ISSN 2146-8427 ; 1304-0855
    ISSN (online) 2146-8427
    ISSN 1304-0855
    DOI 10.6002/ect.MESOT2023.P49
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  8. Article ; Online: Epstein-Barr virus-associated hepatic smooth muscle tumor post-renal transplant.

    Thirunavukkarasu, Balamurugan / Nada, Ritambhra / Ramachandran, Raja / Sakhuja, Vinay

    Kidney international

    2021  Volume 99, Issue 5, Page(s) 1245

    MeSH term(s) Epstein-Barr Virus Infections ; Herpesvirus 4, Human ; Humans ; Immunocompromised Host ; Kidney Transplantation/adverse effects ; Smooth Muscle Tumor/diagnostic imaging ; Smooth Muscle Tumor/etiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-03-23
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Case Reports
    ZDB-ID 120573-0
    ISSN 1523-1755 ; 0085-2538
    ISSN (online) 1523-1755
    ISSN 0085-2538
    DOI 10.1016/j.kint.2020.09.001
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  9. Article ; Online: IL-23/IL-17 in a Paradoxical Association with Primary Membranous Nephropathy.

    Kaur, Prabhjot / Prabhahar, Arun / Pal, Deeksha / Nada, Ritambhra / Kohli, Harbir Singh / Kumar, Vinod / Ramachandran, Raja

    Inflammation

    2024  

    Abstract: Primary membranous nephropathy (PMN), an autoimmune disease, is the most common cause of nephrotic syndrome in middle-aged non-diabetic adults. PMN pathophysiology includes Th1/Th2 paradigm. The IL-23/IL-17 pathway is implicated in autoimmune kidney ... ...

    Abstract Primary membranous nephropathy (PMN), an autoimmune disease, is the most common cause of nephrotic syndrome in middle-aged non-diabetic adults. PMN pathophysiology includes Th1/Th2 paradigm. The IL-23/IL-17 pathway is implicated in autoimmune kidney disorders, but no study has examined its relationship with PMN. In several unrelated studies, PMN patients reported to have paradoxical IL-17 levels. This manuscript describes the best possible association of IL-23/IL-17 axis with PMN. Biopsy-proven PMN patients and age, gender-matched healthy controls were enrolled. Serum-PLA2R (Euroimmune, Germany), IL-23 and IL-17 (R&D; USA), was measured using ELISA along with biochemical parameters. Appropriate statistical tools were used for analysis. One hundred eighty-nine PMN patients (mean age 41.70 ± 12.53 years) and 100 controls (mean age 43.92 ± 10.93 years) were identified. One hundred forty were PLA2R-related. PMN patients had median proteinuria, serum albumin, and creatinine of 6.12 (3.875, 9.23) g/day, 2.32 (1.96, 2.9) g/dl, and 0.89 (0.7, 1.1) mg/dl, respectively. IL-17, but not IL-23, was significantly increased in PMN patients compared to controls (IL-17, median: 12.07 pg/ml (9.75, 24.56) vs median: 9.75 pg/ml (8.23, 17.03) p = 0.0002); (IL23, median: 6.04 pg/ml (4.22, 10.82) vs median: 5.46 pg/ml (3.34, 9.96) p = 0.142). IL-17 and IL-23 correlated significantly (p 0.05) in PMN patients, and similar trend was seen when grouped into PLA2R-related and -unrelated groups. The levels of IL-23 (p = 0.057) and IL-17 (p = 0.004) were high in MN patients that did not respond to the treatment. The current finding may indicate or suggest the involvement of IL-23/IL-17 PMN pathogenesis. A comprehensive investigation is needed to evaluate IL-23/IL-17 axis with renal infiltrating immune cells, and external stimuli.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-23
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 434408-x
    ISSN 1573-2576 ; 0360-3997
    ISSN (online) 1573-2576
    ISSN 0360-3997
    DOI 10.1007/s10753-024-01992-w
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  10. Article ; Online: Mediastinal Histoplasmosis Diagnosed by Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Fine Needle Biopsy.

    Mangipudi, Uday Kiran / Kundu, Reetu / Ramachandran, Raja / Gupta, Rajesh / Rana, Surinder Singh

    Digestive diseases and sciences

    2023  Volume 68, Issue 6, Page(s) 2204–2206

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Biopsy, Fine-Needle ; Histoplasmosis/diagnostic imaging ; Histoplasmosis/pathology ; Mediastinum/diagnostic imaging ; Lung Neoplasms ; Ultrasonography, Interventional ; Endosonography
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-10
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 304250-9
    ISSN 1573-2568 ; 0163-2116
    ISSN (online) 1573-2568
    ISSN 0163-2116
    DOI 10.1007/s10620-023-07940-2
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